Tríocha bliain de Dhuais Sakharov: an taispeántas ‘Cosnaíonn siad ár saoirsí’

Chun comóradh a dhéanamh ar 30 bliain Dhuais Sakharov, tá taispeántas grianghrafadóireachta á chur ar siúl ag an bParlaimint, i gcomhar le Magnum Photos.

01_Tunisia_Photo 01: Asma Kaouech, aged 25, is a Tunisian lawyer, activist, and Sakharov fellow. The association Fanni Raghman Anni is one of the first organisations in Tunisia to have established art workshops to combat the radicalisation of young people.©Newsha Tavakolian/Magnum Photos, 2017
Asma Kaouech i bhfeighil ar cheardlann drámaíochta ©Newsha Tavakolian/Magnum Photos, 2017

Bunaíodh Duais Sakharov um Shaoirse Smaointeoireachta sa bhliain 1988 in onóir Andrei Sakharov, an t-eolaí núicléach Rúiseach agus gníomhaíoch ar son chearta an duine, agus is ionann í agus an comhartha ómóis is mó a bhronnann an tAontas Eorpach d’iarrachtaí ar son chearta an duine. Tugtar aitheantas agus tacaíocht mhorálta léi do na buaiteoirí a ghlacann misneach agus a théann ó neart go neart agus iad ag troid ar son a gcúiseanna.

 

30 bliain de Dhuais Sakharov

 

Tá Duais Sakharov 30 bliain ar an bhfód anois agus chun an ócáid thábhachtach seo a cheiliúradh, tá taispeántas grianghrafadóireachta á chur ar siúl ag an bParlaimint, i gcomhar le Magnum Photos. Cosnaíonn siad ár saoirsí an teideal atá ar an taispeántas; osclaíodh go hoifigiúil é sa Pharlaimint an 12 Nollaig agus taispeánfar ar fud an Aontais Eorpaigh (Baile Átha Cliath san áireamh) i rith 2018 é. Is éard atá sa tionscadal grianghraf ná aistear tumthach i saol laethúil bheirt bhan agus bheirt fhear, baill de Chomhaltacht Sakharov, a bhíonn ag troid ar son chearta an duine san Aetóip, sa Bhoisnia, sa Chambóid agus sa Túinéis.

 

Asma Kaouech 25 bliana d’aois. Is dlíodóir í. B’ollamh le fealsúnacht é a hathair. Thug sé comhairle mhaith di: ná breathnaigh ar theilifís Ben Ali; is fearr leabhair a léamh, leabhair de chuid Kant agus Heidegger; déan staidéar ar an daonlathas, ar shaoirsí aonair, ar chearta na mban. “Thug sé a lán leabhar faoin bhfeimineachas dom”, arsa an mbean óg seo ón Túinéis a d’fhás aníos sa phríomhchathair ach arb as an deisceart di ó dhúchas.

 

Léiríonn an grianghrafadóir Iaránach Newsha Tavakolian obair Asma (agus a heagraíocht Fanni Raghman Anni) chun aos óg na Túinéise a choinneáil amach ón radacú.  Ina 25 ghrianghraf, taispeánann sí streachailt agus dóchas ghlúin nua na dTúinéiseach, i ndiaidh réabhlóid 2011. Grianghrafadóir: Newsha Tavakolian.

01_Tunisia_Photo 02: Street theatre performed by young actors working with the Fanni Raghman Anni association. The play concerns the revolution of 2011 and the violence that followed it. ©Newsha Tavakolian/Magnum Photos, 2017
Taibhléiriú sráide: caitheann an dráma súil siar ar an réabhlóid in 2011 ©Newsha Tavakolian/Magnum Photos, 2017

Samrith Vaing 35 bliana d’aois. Is de ghrúpa mionlaigh na mBunong sa Chambóid é. Leanann Jérôme Sessini, grianghrafadóir Francach a bhfuil go leor taithí aige, an obair laethúil atá á déanamh ag Viang chun tacú leis na Bunong ina dtroid i gcoinne ghabháil talún na gcuideachtaí ilnáisiúnta. Grianghrafadóir: Jérôme Sessini.

02_Cambodia_Photo 01: Samrith Vaing is a human rights activist from Cambodia and Sakharov Fellow. He is 35 years old and belongs to Bunong ethnic group, which is one of the country´s 24 communities. Samrith Vaing helps the indigenous communities facing the threat of forced eviction from their ancestral lands by the government due to aggressive agribusiness and dams’ construction.©Jérôme Sessini/Magnum Photos, 2017
Samrith Vaing, cosantóir chearta an duine agus comhalta dhuais Sakharov ©Jérôme Sessini/Magnum Photos, 2017
02_Cambodia_Photo 02: Children, mostly from Kui community at school in Anlong Srey, Preah Vihea province. Kui indigenous minority is actively engaged in protecting the forest of Prey Lang. ©Jérôme Sessini/Magnum Photos, 2017
Leanaí, an chuid is mó acu ón bpobal Kui, ar scoil ©Jérôme Sessini/Magnum Photos, 2017

Chun aithne a chur ar Jadranka Miličević, chun í a thuiscint agus meabhair a bhaint as cé chomh tiomanta is atá sí, is gá cuimhneamh ar na huafáis ar chuir sí suas leo. Is leor a rá go bhfuair 200,000 duine bás sna huafáis sin: léigear Shairéavó; sléacht Srebrenica; cogadh na mBalcán; an ciapadh sa Bhoisnia agus sa Heirseagaivéin tráth a raibh an náisiúnachas ag teacht chun cinn as smionagar na hiar-Iúgslaive.

 

03_Bosnia_Photo 01: Jadranka Miličević is a women’s rights activist and a Sakharov fellow. A former Balkan War refugee Jadranka joined in 1992 the pacifist and feminist organisation “ Women in Black’ and later helped establish the CURE Foundation in Sarajevo, a NGO which promotes gender equality and the positive development of society through educational and cultural programmes. Jadranka now travels all through Bosnia, Serbia, and Montenegro to provide training for people to meet their own material needs.©Bieke Depoorter/Magnum Photos, 2017
Jadranka Miličević, gníomhaí ar son chearta an duine agus comhalta dhuais Sakharov ©Bieke Depoorter/Magnum Photos, 2017

Léiríonn saothar an ghrianghrafadóra ón mBeilg Bieke Depooter obair laethúil Jadranka.  Is iardhídeanaí ó Chogadh na mBalcán í Jadranka a theith i 1992 ó Shairéavó go dtí an tSeirbia. Tá dhá eagraíocht neamhrialtasacha bunaithe aici chun cabhrú le mná a ndearnadh foréigean agus idirdhealú orthu. Grianghrafadóir: Bieke Depoorter.

03_Bosnia_Photo 02: Jadranka Miličević visits women she empowers through her foundation and the workshops she runs regularly. Elda Šišić, the daughter of Lejla Omerović, who lives in an isolated village called Vares. She works with her family to produce soap, skin products, and other small goods. Lejla helped start a local NGO called Zvejsda Varesj (‘Star’), which aims to support local women in need, especially by producing products locally. The CURE Foundation helped her by providing her with a sewing machine. In 2014, Lejla’s house, in a remote village near Vareš, was partially destroyed by flooding. The CURE Foundation came to her aid by raising funds to help repair her house, but more money is still needed before the work can begin.©Bieke Depoorter/Magnum Photos, 2017
Elda Šišić, iníon Lejla Omerović ©Bieke Depoorter/Magnum Photos, 2017

Ná scaipimis sna cheithre hairde: tá an sceimhle i réim san Aetóip! Tá an chomhghuaillíocht atá i gcumhacht le 25 bliain ag sárú chearta an duine mar a tharla in aimsir an sceimhle dheirg. Tá an t-atmaisféar plúchtach, an eagla sin a phlúchann thú. Is é an mothúchán sin go bhfuil duine do do leanúint an t-am ar fad, go bhfuil duine ag éisteacht leat, go bhfuil duine do do bhagairt, seo gnáthlá do Ameha Mekonnen, dlíodóir atá 45 bliana agus atá i gceannas ar an gComhairle um Chearta an Duine, an t-aon eagraíocht neamhspleách um chearta an duine san Aetóip. Grianghrafadóir: Enri Canaj.

04_Etiopia_Photo 01:Ameha Mekonnen, is a former civil servant turned human rights lawyer in Ethiopia and Sakharov Fellow. In 2015 he joined The Human Rights Council as a deputy chairman. The moto of the (HRCO): All Human Rights For All. ©Enri Canaj/Magnum Photos, 2017
In oifig Ameha Mekonnen, abhcóide, cosantóir chearta an duine agus comhalta Dhuais Sakharov © Enri Canaj/Magnum Photos, 2017
04_Etiopia_Photo 02: Natnael Feleqe 30, blogger of Zone 9 spent 1 year and 6 months in prison. ‘I was lucky’, he says. He is released now and his case is over. He still says that he has to be careful because he can be arrested again, as some of his other colleagues from Zone 9 were arrested for a second time with no charges. Getachew Shiferaw, aged 32, was arrested on several occasions for his articles. His case is still being heard and he is represented by the laywer Ameha Mekonnen ©Enri Canaj/Magnum Photos, 2017
Natnael Feleke agus Getachew Shiferaw, blagálaithe den chomharghrúpa "Zón 9" © Enri Canaj/Magnum Photos, 2017