The European Parliament,

–  having regard to the Joint Communiqué of 3 July 2004 issued by the Government of Sudan and the UN,

–   having regard to the Darfur Plan of Action agreed between the UN and the Government of Sudan on 5 August 2004,

–   having regard to the African Union Peace and Security Council decision regarding the enlargement of the AU Mission in Sudan of 21 October 2004,

–   having regard to the report of the UN Secretary-General of November 2004, and to UN resolutions 1564 of 18 September 2004, 1574 of 19 November 2004, 1585 of 10 March 2005, 1588 of 17 March 2005, 1590 of 24 March 2005, 1591 of 29 March 2005 and 1593 of 31 March 2005,

–   having regard to the agreement on the voluntary return of the internally displaced persons (IDPs) signed by the Government of Sudan and the International Organisation for Migration in Khartoum on 21 August 2004,

–   having regard to the Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA) signed in Nairobi on 9 January 2005,

–   having regard to the report of the International Commission of Inquiry on Darfur to the UN Secretary-General of 25 January 2005,

–  having regard to Rule 108(5) of its Rules of Procedure,

A.   whereas the challenges of Sudan's reconstruction call for an unprecedented response by the international community,

B.   whereas the Commission has finalised the Country Strategy Paper (CSP) centred on supporting the quest for a just peace as well as addressing the root causes of the conflict,

C.   whereas the CSP creates a framework structuring the EU contribution to Sudan of an indicative allocation of around €400 m,

D.   whereas there is no development without peace, no peace without reconciliation, no reconciliation without democracy, and no democracy without justice,

E.   whereas the reintegration of ex-combatants from all armed forces in Sudan represents a crucial problem, and whereas the disarmament of civilians and of any formal and informal militias is paramount for order, security, freedom and stability,

F.  whereas the situation in Darfur remains violent and unstable,

G.  expressing its serious concern at the growing insecurity and violence in that region, the dire humanitarian situation, the continued violations of human rights and the repeated breaches of the ceasefire, and reiterating the obligation of all parties to implement the commitments contained in previous Security Council resolutions,

H.  whereas the report of the International Commission of Inquiry on Darfur to the UN Secretary-General, although excluding genocide, established that the international offences such as crimes against humanity and war crimes that have been committed in Darfur may be no less serious and heinous than genocide,

1.  Warmly welcomes the signature of the historical CPA in Nairobi, on 9 January 2005, between the Government of Sudan and the Sudanese People's Liberation Movement (SPLM), which marked the end of a 21-year civil war, as an important step towards bringing peace to southern Sudan and as a development that can also contribute to bringing peace to Darfur;

2.  Urges all parties to implement the CPA and its set of Protocols, covering inter alia power and wealth sharing agreements, without further delay;

3.  Calls, in particular, on all parti

4.  Calls on the parties to formally adopt a constitutional text, which will be a first demonstrable step in the CPA;

5.  Considers that women's participation and non-discrimination in the decision-making process, in both legislative and executive phases, are essential for good governance;

6.  Urges that, in the reconstruction of Sudan, close attention be paid to freedom of expression and to the presence of independent media as a guarantee of democratic pluralism;

7.  Calls on all parties to fulfil their obligation to end all acts of violence, condemning violations of human rights and breaches of international humanitarian law;

8.  Urges the establishment of an independent truth and reconciliation committee to investigate the violations that took place during the conflict, to discuss how to deal with social and political reconstruction in the country, and to provide support and reparation to victims and their families;

9.  Emphasises that the CPA can contribute to sustainable peace and stability throughout Sudan and to the efforts to address the situation in Darfur; at the same time, however, expresses serious concern that the growing insecurity and violence and the lack of a peaceful settlement to the Darfur crisis could eventually jeopardise the entire peace process;

10.  Welcomes the UN decision to establish the UNMIS (United Nations Mission to Sudan), which will consist of up to 10000 military personnel and an appropriate civilian component including up to 715 civilian police personnel;

11.  Welcomes the decision by the UN Security Council on 31 March 2005 to refer the situation of Darfur to the International Criminal Court, pursuant to article 13(b) of the ICC Statute, and asks the Government of Sudan to cooperate fully with the prosecutors;

12.  Emphasises the need to ensure that those who are held responsible for crimes against humanity are brought before the International Criminal Court;

13.  Urges the Government of Sudan to make every effort to ensure the safe and voluntary return of all refugees and IDPs, as agreed by the Government of Sudan and the International Organisation for Migration;

14.  Calls on the international community and all neighbouring countries in the region to do their utmost to actively support the full and timely implementation of a Comprehensive Peace Agreement;

15.  Calls on the EU Member States to provide urgent and generous contributions to the humanitarian efforts under way in Sudan and Chad, including decentralised cooperation;

16.  Calls on all parties and, in particular, the international community, to take immediate steps to stop the proliferation of arms in the conflict zone of Darfur;

17.  Urges the UN to come forward with positive options for how UMIS can reinforce the effort to foster peace in Darfur through appropriate assistance to AMIS, including logistical support and technical assistance, and to identify ways, in liaison with the AU, of utilising UNMIS's resources, particularly logistical and operations support elements, as well as reserve capacity towards this end;

18.  Instructs its Co-Presidents to forward this resolution to the ACP-EU Council, the Commission, the Government of Sudan, the African Union, the Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD) and the UN Secretary-General.