Substitutionability of Critical Raw Materials
The European Parliament has adopted a resolution that proposes focusing Research and Development on the substitution of critical raw materials to support sustainable development and encourage growth in the European economy. This study addresses the question of which measures could foster the substitution of critical raw materials in the European Union. The main conclusion of the study is that the substitution of critical raw materials needs consistent and multidisciplinary research and development action as well as further incentives.
Study
Executive summary
External author
Mr. Kimmo Halme, Ramboll Management Consulting; Dr. Kalle A. Piirainen, Ramboll Management Consulting; Dr. Georgios Vekinis, Institute of Materials Science, National Center for Scientific Research Demokritos; Mr. Ernst-Udo Sievers, i.Con Innovation; Mr. Kimmo Viljamaa, Ramboll Management Consulting
About this document
Publication type
Policy area
Keyword
- economic policy
- ECONOMICS
- ENVIRONMENT
- environmental policy
- exploitation of resources
- industrial structures and policy
- INDUSTRY
- international trade
- iron, steel and other metal industries
- metals
- PRODUCTION, TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH
- raw material
- research and development
- research and intellectual property
- security of supply
- substitute product
- sustainable development
- trade
- TRADE