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Kashmir: 70 years of disputes

Kratki prikaz 17-07-2018

Kashmir, located between China, India and Pakistan, has been at the heart of a complex, 70-year dispute between Delhi and Islamabad, which has strained bilateral relations and impeded the development of stronger ties in the whole of South Asia. In the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir, an uprising against Delhi's rule has been ongoing since 1989. In June 2018, a UN human rights report on Kashmir called for establishing a commission of inquiry into multiple violations from both sides. Kashmir is a ...

The European Neighbourhood Policy

Detaljna analiza 20-12-2016

Since 2004, the European Neighbourhood Policy has provided a framework for relations between the EU and its 16 geographically closest neighbours. This framework offers enhanced cooperation and access to the European market by means of bilateral action plans leading ultimately to association agreements. It is complemented by three regional initiatives: the Union for the Mediterranean (UfM), the Black Sea Synergy and the Eastern Partnership. The UfM and the Eastern Partnership are multilateral and ...

While Kyiv took an important step towards Europe with the entry into force of the Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Area on 1 January 2016, Ukraine's path to peace with neighbouring Russia remains complicated. The implementation of the fragile Minsk II ceasefire agreement — negotiated by the leaders of France, Germany, Ukraine and Russia in February 2015 — has been extended into 2016. Several unresolved issues will continue to pose challenges to the fulfilment of Minsk II in 2016. The death toll ...

Manipulation of information is central to the Ukraine crisis, with some observers even referring to an 'information war'. Coverage in Russia's largely state-controlled domestic media bears the hallmarks of a sophisticated disinformation campaign. Internationally, multilingual news channel RT is Russia's main media tool, projecting the Kremlin's narrative to a global audience. In Russia itself, the vast majority of people subscribe uncritically to the version of events presented in the country's media ...

Ukraine: Follow-up of Minsk II

Briefing 16-07-2015

Four months after leaders from France, Germany, Ukraine and Russia reached a 13-point 'Package of measures for the implementation of the Minsk agreements' ('Minsk II') on 12 February 2015, the ceasefire is crumbling. The pressure on Kyiv to contribute to a de-escalation and comply with Minsk II continues to grow. While Moscow still denies accusations that there are Russian soldiers in eastern Ukraine, Russian President Vladimir Putin publicly admitted in March 2015 to having invaded Crimea. There ...

Understanding hybrid threats

Kratki prikaz 22-06-2015

'Hybrid threats' are often invoked in reference to the ongoing conflict in Ukraine and the ISIL/Da'esh campaign in Iraq. As policy-makers struggle to grasp what hybrid threats mean for national security, it is pertinent to recall the origins, the meaning, and legal challenges associated with this concept.

Information has become central to the Ukraine crisis, with some analysts even referring to an 'information war' initiated by Russia. Coverage in Russia's largely state-controlled domestic media displays bias, often amounting to disinformation, though it is also increasingly sophisticated. Internationally, multilingual news channel RT is Russia's main media tool, projecting the Kremlin's narrative to a global audience. In Russia itself, the vast majority of people subscribe uncritically to the ...

Ukraine's current policies and developments on the information front are characterised by the on-going crisis in eastern Ukraine and a massive Russian disinformation campaign. Kyiv is responding to Moscow's information measures with a top-down information policy approach, entering a game of competing narratives in which Russia has set the tone. However, recent independent grassroots media initiatives are gaining popularity among the population in Ukraine.

After a long period of neglect and decline, the Russian armed forces have once again taken centre stage. On top of their alleged involvement in Ukraine, incursions into the airspace and territorial waters of neighbouring countries are becoming more frequent, and large-scale military drills have been held throughout the country. The traditional Victory Day parade through Moscow on 9 May celebrates Russian military prowess. In line with their increasingly active role, the Russian armed forces are ...

One month after leaders from France, Germany, Ukraine and Russia reached a 13-point peace agreement in Minsk on 12 February 2015 – Minsk II, a follow-up to the September 2014 Minsk Protocol – the ceasefire is shaky, although it has at least reduced the number of deaths in combat, and the pressure on the international community to act continues. While Russia denies accusations that it has been sending troops and weapons to support separatists in Ukraine's east, the undeclared 'hybrid war' is developing ...