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This study assesses the needs and vulnerabilities of the EU in accessing products containing Critical Raw Materials (CRM) needed for the green and digital transitions in a changing geopolitical context. It provides an overview on the wider situation, as well as a policy context. The study sets out to identify at which stage of the supply chain, ranging from raw materials to final products, the European industrial eco-system is dependent on CRM imports. It reviews the CRM methodology designed by the ...

This study explains the background necessary for understanding of the Global Satellite Navigation System (GNSS) working principles and the importance of GNSS in our daily life and work. It highlights the specific socio-economic and strategic advantages enabled by the European satellite navigation system ‘Galileo’. It also identifies some of the gaps and challenges towards Galileo’s final operational capability expected in 2021. The study proposes different policy options in order to maximise the ...

Galileo and EGNOS

Briefing 24-01-2018

Galileo and the European geostationary navigation overlay service (EGNOS) are two satellite navigation systems under civil control. Galileo is an autonomous global navigation satellite system consisting of a constellation of satellites and a global network of ground stations. EGNOS is a regional satellite navigation system that monitors, corrects and improves the accuracy of open signals emitted by existing global satellite navigation systems (GPS, Glonass). Galileo and EGNOS are infrastructures ...

Galileo, the long-awaited European global navigation satellite systems, is at a turning point in its history: it reached initial operational capacity in December 2016 and is expected to be fully operational for 2021. This autonomous European civilian tool, which can be used anywhere on earth, transmits positioning and timing data from space for use on the ground to determine a user's location. Alongside it, the European geostationary navigation overlay system (EGNOS), which improves the accuracy ...

Key Enabling Technologies (KETs) are crucial for the competitiveness and renewal of European manufacturing. This study, prepared by Policy Department A at the request of the Committee on Industry, Research and Energy (ITRE), examines the nature of KETs, the drivers and barriers to KETs deployment. It includes an assessment of the current KETs situation in the EU in a global perspective. A broad overview of European policies and financing instruments precedes an in-depth assessment of the role of ...