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In December 2021, the Commission tabled a proposal for a regulation on digitalisation of cross-border judicial cooperation, applicable to both civil and criminal cases. The co-legislators arrived at a compromise text in July 2023, which was endorsed by the Council's Committee of Permanent Representatives (Coreper) and jointly by the Parliament's Committees on Legal Affairs (JURI) and on Civil Liberties, Justice and Home Affairs (LIBE) in September. Parliament is due to vote on the compromise text ...

In recent years, European Court of Justice (ECJ) case law has been playing an increasingly pivotal role in the development of the emerging common minimum standards of judicial independence, binding on the EU Member States as a matter of Union law. The ECJ has based its case law primarily on Article 19 of the Treaty on European Union (TEU), which requires Member States to provide for effective judicial protection in areas covered by EU law, on Article 47 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the ...

This study, commissioned by the European Parliament’s Policy Department for Citizens’ Rights and Constitutional Affairs at the request of the AFCO Committee, focuses on the scope of the CJEU’s jurisdiction over national measures relating to the organisation of national judiciaries. After providing an overview of the legal framework post Lisbon Treaty, the study offers a chronological outline and a transversal assessment of the CJEU’s case law relating to the second subparagraph of Article 19(1) TEU ...

2021 Report on Turkey

Kort overzicht 01-06-2022

Turkey's relations with the European Communities/EU date back to 1959, with milestones including the Ankara Association Agreement (1963) and the customs union (1995). Turkey is a key strategic partner of the EU on issues such as migration, security, counter-terrorism and trade. Yet, after democratic backsliding in the country, the Council froze its accession negotiations. Overall EU-Turkey relations have improved slightly in the past year. The Parliament's position on the Commission's 2021 annual ...

This study, commissioned by the Policy Department for Citizens’ Rights and Constitutional Affairs of the European Parliament, explains the principle of the primacy of European Union law and its practical consequences, as established by the Treaty system and developed by Court of Justice case-law since 1964. It explains how Member State courts accept, interpret and apply the principle, subject to any limits.

Albania: No closer to joining the EU

Kort overzicht 07-06-2021

Albania joined NATO in April 2009 and has been an EU candidate country since June 2014. After having made some progress in meeting the political criteria and the objectives related to the five key priorities for opening its EU accession negotiations on 26 March 2020, Albania has been advancing towards EU membership at a very slow pace. The main remaining obstacles include flaws in the functioning of its judiciary, in the fight against corruption and in the safeguarding of media freedoms and minority ...

Judicial independence is one of the key components of the rule of law (Article 2 of the Treaty on European Union – TEU), together with the fundamental right to a fair trial (Article 47 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union) and the principle of effective judicial protection (Article 19(1) TEU). When it comes to standards for judicial independence, a special role is played by the Council of Europe and its judicial body, the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) in Strasbourg. ...

Justice programme 2021-2027

Kort overzicht 21-04-2021

In May 2018, the European Commission adopted a proposal for a regulation establishing a new Justice programme as part of the new 2021-2027 Multiannual Financial Framework (MFF). An early second-reading agreement was reached with the Council in trilogue negotiations, which is now expected to be voted by Parliament during the April 2021 session.

Country Specific Recommendations for 2020

Uitgebreide analyse 27-05-2020

This document compiles all the economic policy recommendations for 2020 as proposed by the Commission on 20 May 2020. The Council is expected to adopt these recommendations in July. The document also provides an overview of specific policy areas addressed in these recommendations to EU Member States.

Georgia is gearing up for parliamentary elections in October 2020. The 'Georgian Dream' party, in charge since 2012, has strived to implement the reforms called for in the Association Agreement with the EU. However, the government has failed to fulfil its promise on electoral reforms and is facing mounting opposition. The High Representative (HR/VP) is expected to make a statement on Georgia during the March I plenary part-session.