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In July 2023, the European Commission tabled a package of proposals for the greening of freight transport. Among the three proposals is one on improving the use of rail infrastructure capacity. The proposed text includes changes to the rules on the planning and allocation of railway infrastructure capacity, currently covered by Directive 2012/34/EU and Regulation (EU) No 913/2010. The aim of the changes is to allow rail infrastructure capacity and traffic to be managed more efficiently, thereby improving ...

On 30 November 2022, as part of the European Green Deal, the European Commission presented the legislative proposal for a Union certification framework for carbon removals. The initiative was first announced in the March 2020 new circular economy action plan and again highlighted in the climate target plan, as well as in the proposed 'fit for 55' revision of the regulation on land use, land-use change and forestry (LULUCF), as an essential tool to drive progress towards the 2050 climate neutrality ...

On 15 December 2021, the European Commission adopted a major revision (recast) of the Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD), as part of the 'fit for 55' package. This package is a core part of the European Green Deal, which aims to set the EU firmly on the path towards net zero GHG emissions (climate neutrality) by 2050.The recast EPBD seeks to accelerate building renovation rates, reduce GHG emissions and energy consumption, and promote the uptake of renewable energy in buildings. The ...

Review of the F-gas Regulation

Pe scurt 10-01-2024

On 5 April 2022, the European Commission presented a proposal for a regulation on fluorinated greenhouse gases (F-gases) to repeal the current F-gas Regulation. The proposal seeks to reduce F-gas emissions further. It would change the existing quota system, gradually reducing the supply of hydrofluorocarbons (HFC) to the EU market, to 2.4 % of 2015 levels by 2048. It would also ban F-gases in specific applications, and update the rules on implementing best practice, leak-checking, record-keeping, ...

The impact assessment (IA) provides a useful information package supporting the 'CountEmissionsEU' proposal. It presents a substantiated problem definition and illustrates the scale of the problems. The analysis relies on an external IA supporting study, stakeholder consultation and independent research. The IA assesses the economic, social and environmental impacts of all six policy options. It openly explains the assessment's limitations, in particular the fact that empirical evidence to underpin ...

Revision of the Ozone Regulation

Briefing 12-12-2023

Stratospheric ozone absorbs ultraviolet radiation from the sun and reduces the overall amount of radiation reaching the Earth's surface. Ozone-depleting substances (ODS) are human-made chemicals that, once emitted, reach the upper atmosphere and destroy the protective ozone layer, causing what is known as the ozone hole. They have significant adverse impacts on human health and the environment and are also greenhouse gases with high global warming potential. Regulation (EC) No 1005/2009 on substances ...

Council Directive 92/106/EEC (the 'Combined Transport Directive') is one of the key EU legal instruments aimed at promoting the shift of freight from road to lower-emission transport modes. It supports the uptake of transport operations that combine road – on one or both ends of a journey – with rail or waterways, by providing advantages such as exemptions from restrictions (on weights and dimensions of vehicles or circulation) and tax reductions. The directive contributed to the development of the ...

On 14 July 2021 the European Commission adopted the 'fit for 55' package, which adapts existing climate and energy legislation to meet the new EU objective of a minimum 55 % reduction in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 2030. The 'fit for 55' package is part of the European Green Deal, which aims to put the EU firmly on the path towards climate neutrality by 2050. A key element in the 'fit for 55' package is the revision of the Renewable Energy Directive (RED II), to help the EU deliver the new ...

EU lawmakers signed a regulation on ensuring a level playing field for sustainable air transport, otherwise referred to as the ReFuelEU Aviation Regulation, on 18 October 2023. It was published in the Official Journal on 31 October 2023 and will apply from 1 January 2024. However, Articles 4, 5, 6, 8 and 10 will apply from 1 January 2025. The new regulation is a part of a legislative package to make the EU's climate, energy, land use, transport and taxation policies fit for reducing net greenhouse ...

Rising inflation complicates the alignment of the ECB’s policies with the Paris Agreement. This paper provides novel evidence for inflationary pressures arising from natural disasters. We then discuss the effectiveness of monetary instruments to boost a green transition, concluding that the scope of policy measures used thus far is limited. As additional measures, we advise active rebalancing of the ECB’s bond holdings towards greener issuers, enforcing stricter disclosure standards, and differentiating ...