REPORT on the proposal for a directive of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Directive 1999/31/EC on the landfill of waste

7.2.2017 - (COM(2015)0594 – C8-0384/2015 – 2015/0274(COD)) - ***I

Committee on the Environment, Public Health and Food Safety
Rapporteur: Simona Bonafè

Procedure : 2015/0274(COD)

Document stages in plenary

Document selected :

A8-0031/2017

Texts tabled :

A8-0031/2017

Debates :

PV 14/03/2017 - 4
CRE 14/03/2017 - 4
PV 16/04/2018 - 21

Votes :

PV 14/03/2017 - 6.7
CRE 14/03/2017 - 6.7
Explanations of votes
PV 18/04/2018 - 12.10

Texts adopted :

P8_TA(2017)0071
P8_TA(2018)0115

DRAFT EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT LEGISLATIVE RESOLUTION
EXPLANATORY STATEMENT
OPINION of the Committee on Industry, Research and Energy
PROCEDURE – COMMITTEE RESPONSIBLE

DRAFT EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT LEGISLATIVE RESOLUTION

on the proposal for a directive of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Directive 1999/31/EC on the landfill of waste

(COM(2015)0594 – C8-0384/2015 – 2015/0274(COD))

(Ordinary legislative procedure: first reading)

The European Parliament,

– having regard to the Commission proposal to Parliament and the Council (COM(2015)0594),

– having regard to Article 294(2) and Article 192(1) of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, pursuant to which the Commission submitted the proposal to Parliament (C8-0384/2015),

– having regard to Article 294(3) of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,

– having regard to the reasoned opinion submitted, within the framework of Protocol No 2 on the application of the principles of subsidiarity and proportionality, by the French Senate, asserting that the draft legislative act does not comply with the principle of subsidiarity,

– having regard to the opinion of the European Economic and Social Committee of 27 April 2016[1],

– having regard to the opinion of the Committee of the Regions of 15 June 2016[2],

– having regard to Rule 59 of its Rules of Procedure,

– having regard to the report of the Committee on the Environment, Public Health and Food Safety and the opinion of the Committee on Industry, Research and Energy (A8-0031/2017),

1. Adopts its position at first reading hereinafter set out;

2. Calls on the Commission to refer the matter to Parliament again if it intends to amend its proposal substantially or replace it with another text;

3. Instructs its President to forward its position to the Council, the Commission and the national parliaments.

Amendment 1

Proposal for a directive

Recital -1 (new)

Text proposed by the Commission

Amendment

(-1) In view of the Union's dependence on the import of raw materials and the rapid depletion of a significant amount of natural resources in the short-term, it is a key challenge to reclaim as many resources as possible within the Union and to enhance the transition towards a circular economy.

Justification

It is important to highlight the wider framework of moving towards a circular economy and stress the opportunities the revision of the Landfill Directive offers to enhance this transition.

Amendment 2

Proposal for a directive

Recital -1 a (new)

Text proposed by the Commission

Amendment

(-1a) Waste management needs to be transformed into sustainable material management. The revision of the Landfill Directive offers an opportunity to that end.

Justification

It is important to highlight the wider framework of moving towards a circular economy, to stress the need for waste management to be transformed into sustainable material management and underscore the opportunities the revision of the Landfill Directive offers to enhance this transition.

Amendment 3

Proposal for a directive

Recital 1

Text proposed by the Commission

Amendment

(1) Waste management in the Union should be improved, with a view to protecting, preserving and improving the quality of the environment, protecting human health, ensuring prudent and rational utilisation of natural resources, promoting a more circular economy, increasing energy efficiency and reducing the Union´s resource dependence

Justification

In addition to protecting the environment and human health, the aims of better waste management at European level should include improving the use of resources, increasing energy efficiency and reducing the Union's resource dependence, thus tackling problems associated with the supply of resources.

Amendment 4

Proposal for a directive

Recital 1 a (new)

Text proposed by the Commission

Amendment

(1a) A clean, effective and sustainable circular economy requires the removal of hazardous substances from products at the design stage and, in that context, a circular economy should recognise explicit provisions in the Seventh Environment Action Programme which calls for the development of non-toxic material cycles so that recycled waste can be used as a major, reliable source of raw material for the Union.

Justification

The EU should focus on creating a clean circular economy and avoid possible major risk of a future loss in public and market confidence in recycled material while creating an endless legacy. The main burden for recyclers is the presence of hazardous substances in material. The focus of the EU should be on getting these hazardous substances out of products and waste, and not endangering public health and the environment by exempting certain classes of businesses or products from safe requirements and by making it impossible to identify those contaminated materials in the future.

Amendment 5

Proposal for a directive

Recital 2


Text proposed by the Commission	Amendment
(2) The targets laid down in Council Directive 1999/31/EC¹⁴ setting landfill restrictions should be amended to make them better reflect the Union's ambition to move to a circular economy and make progress in the implementation of the Raw Materials Initiative¹⁵ by reducing landfilling of waste destined for landfills for non-hazardous waste.	(2) The targets laid down in Council Directive 1999/31/EC¹⁴ setting landfill restrictions should be strengthened to make them better reflect the Union's ambition to move to a circular economy and make progress in the implementation of the Raw Materials Initiative¹⁵ by gradually minimising landfilling of waste destined for landfills for non-hazardous waste. The Commission and Member States should ensure that this fits into an integrated policy which ensures a sound application of the waste hierarchy, enhances a shift towards prevention, reuse and recycling, and prevents a shift from landfilling towards incineration.
________________	__________________
¹⁴ Council Directive 1999/31/EC of 26 April 1999 on the landfill of waste (OJ L 182, 16.07.1999, p. 1).	¹⁴ Council Directive 1999/31/EC of 26 April 1999 on the landfill of waste (OJ L 182, 16.07.1999, p. 1).
¹⁵ COM(2008) 699 and COM(2014) 297.	¹⁵ COM(2008) 699 and COM(2014) 297.

Amendment 6

Proposal for a directive

Recital 4

Text proposed by the Commission

Amendment

(4) In order to ensure greater coherence in waste legislation, the definitions in Directives 1999/31/EC should be aligned to those of Directive 2008/98/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council¹⁶.

(4) In order to ensure greater coherence in waste legislation, the definitions in Directives 1999/31/EC should be aligned, where relevant, to those of Directive 2008/98/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council¹⁶.

__________________

¹⁶ Directive 2008/98/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 19 November 2008 on waste and repealing certain Directives (OJ L 312, 22.11.2008, p. 3).

Justification

It is important to ensure that this Directive is consistent with EU waste legislation as a whole. To this end it is necessary, where appropriate, that the definitions in this Directive should also be aligned with those in Directive 1999/31/EC.

Amendment 7

Proposal for a directive

Recital 5

Text proposed by the Commission

Amendment

(5) Clear environmental, economic and social benefits would be derived from further restricting landfilling, starting with waste streams that are subject to separate collection (e.g. plastics, metals, glass, paper, bio-waste). Technical, environmental or economical feasibility of recycling or other recovery of residual waste resulting from separately collected waste should be taken into account in the implementation of these landfill restrictions.

(5) Clear environmental, economic and social benefits would be derived from further restricting landfilling, starting with waste streams that are subject to separate collection (e.g. plastics, metals, glass, paper, bio-waste), with the objective to accept only residual waste. Long-term investments in infrastructure and in research and innovation will play a crucial role in reducing the amount of residual waste from separately collected waste, the recycling or other recovery of which is not technically, environmentally or economically feasible at the present time.

Amendment 8

Proposal for a directive

Recital 5 a (new)

Text proposed by the Commission

Amendment

(5a) A political and societal incentive to restrict further landfilling as a sustainable way to handle natural resources within a circular economy should respect the waste management hierarchy laid down in Article 4 of Directive 2008/98/EC and strictly apply an approach where prevention takes priority and the precautionary principle is respected.

Justification

Although landfill has many negative aspects, it should not be totally dismissed as a destination for some wastes – for example PVC. It may be the safest place for a material containing hazardous chemicals, and in the case of plastics, analysis shows if they aren't recycled then landfill is generally preferable to incineration for climate reasons. Clearly recycling is normally the preferable option, and any landfilling should be done to the highest standards.

Amendment 9

Proposal for a directive

Recital 6

Text proposed by the Commission

Amendment

(6) Biodegradable municipal waste accounts for a large proportion of municipal waste. Landfilling of untreated biodegradable waste poses significant negative enviornmental effects in terms of greenhouse gas emissions and pollution of surface water, groundwater, soil and air. While Directive 1999/31/EC already sets landfill diversion targets for biodegradable waste it is appropriate to put in place further restrictions on the landfilling of biodegradable waste by prohibiting the landfilling of biodegradable waste that has been separately collected in accordance with Article 22 of Directive 2008/98/EC.

(6) Biodegradable municipal waste accounts for a large proportion of municipal waste. Landfilling of untreated biodegradable waste poses significant negative environmental effects in terms of greenhouse gas emissions and pollution of surface water, groundwater, soil and air. While Directive 1999/31/EC already sets landfill diversion targets for biodegradable waste it is appropriate to put in place further restrictions on the landfilling of biodegradable waste by prohibiting the landfilling of biodegradable waste to be separately collected in accordance with Article 22 of Directive 2008/98/EC.

Justification

The prohibition of landfilling biodegradable municipal waste should be more strictly formulated.

Amendment 10

Proposal for a directive

Recital 7


Text proposed by the Commission		Amendment
	(7) Many Member States have not yet completely developed the necessary waste management infrastructure. The setting of landfill reduction targets will further facilitate separate collection, sorting and recycling of waste and avoid locking potentially recyclable materials at the bottom of the waste hierarchy.		(7) Many Member States have not yet completely developed the necessary waste management infrastructure. The setting of clear and ambitious landfill reduction targets will further encourage investments to facilitate separate collection, sorting and recycling and avoid locking potentially recyclable materials at the lowest level of the waste hierarchy.

Amendment 11

Proposal for a directive

Recital 8

Text proposed by the Commission

Amendment

(8) A progressive minimization of landfilling is necessary to prevent detrimental impacts on human health and the environment and to ensure that economically valuable waste materials are gradually and effectively recovered through proper waste management and in line with the waste hierarchy as laid down in Directive 2008/98/EC. This progressive minimization of landfilling will require major changes in waste management in many Member States. With improved statistics on waste collection and treatment and improved traceability of waste streams it should be possible to avoid the development of excessive capacity for the treatment of residual waste, such as through energy recovery, as this could result in undermining the achievement of the Union's long-term preparation for reuse and recycling targets for municipal waste as laid down in Article 11 of Directive 2008/98/EC. Similarly, and to prevent detrimental impacts on human health and the environment, while Member States should take all necessary measures to ensure that only waste that has been subject to treatment is landfilled, compliance with such an obligation should not lead to the creation of overcapacities for the treatment of residual municipal waste. In light of recent investments made in some Member States that led to overcapacities for energy recovery or the establishment of mechanical biological treatment, it is essential to give a clear signal to the waste operators and to Member States to avoid investments that are incompatible with the long-term targets set in the Landfill and Waste framework Directives. For those reasons, a limit on the incineration of municipal waste in line with the preparation for reuse and recycling targets in Article 11 of Directive 2008/98/EC and Article 5 of Directive 1999/31/EC could be considered. In addition, in order to ensure consistency between the targets laid down in Article 11 of Directive 2008/98/EC and the landfill reduction target defined in Article 5 of this Directive and to ensure a coordinated planning of the infrastructures and investments needed to meet those targets, Member States which may obtain additional time for the attainment of the municipal waste recycling targets should also be given additional time to attain the landfill reduction target for 2030 as laid down in this Directive.

Amendment 12

Proposal for a directive

Recital 8 a (new)

Text proposed by the Commission

Amendment

(8a) In order to help achieve the objectives of this Directive, and to boost the transition to a circular economy, the Commission should promote the coordination and exchange of information and best practices among Member States and different sectors of the economy. That exchange could be facilitated through communication platforms that could help raise awareness of new industrial solutions and allow for a better overview of available capacities and would contribute to connecting the waste industry and other sectors and to support industrial symbiosis.

Amendment 13

Proposal for a directive

Recital 8 b (new)

Text proposed by the Commission

Amendment

(8b) The Commission should promote the coordination and exchange of information and best practices among Member States, regional and, in particular, local authorities, involving all relevant civil society organizations, including the social partner and environmental and consumer organisations.

Amendment 14

Proposal for a directive

Recital 8 c (new)

Text proposed by the Commission

Amendment

(8c) To implement and enforce the objectives of this Directive in an adequate manner, it is necessary to ensure that the local authorities of the territories where landfills are located are recognised as relevant actors, as they suffer directly the consequences of landfilling. Consequently, public and democratic consultation should be ensured in the localities and supra-municipal areas where a landfill is going to be established in advance and appropriate compensation should be established for the local population.

Amendment 15

Proposal for a directive

Recital 8 d (new)

Text proposed by the Commission

Amendment

(8d) The Commission should guarantee that every landfill in the Union is audited in order to ensure the proper implementation of Union and national law.

Amendment 16

Proposal for a directive

Recital 9

Text proposed by the Commission

Amendment

(9) In order to ensure better, timelier, and more uniform implementation of this Directive and anticipate implementation weaknesses, an early warning system should be established to detect shortcomings and allow taking action ahead of the deadlines for meeting the targets.

Amendment 17

Proposal for a directive

Recital 11

Text proposed by the Commission

Amendment

(11) Statistical data reported by Member States are essential for the Commission to assess compliance with waste legislation across the Member States. The quality, reliability and comparability of statistics should be improved by introducing a single entry point for all waste data, deleting obsolete reporting requirements, benchmarking national reporting methodologies and introducing a data quality check report. Reliable reporting of statistical data concerning waste management is paramount to efficient implementation and to ensuring comparability of data among Member States. Therefore, when preparing the reports on compliance with the targets set out in Directive 19991/31/EC, Member States should be required to use the most recent methodology developed by the Commission and the national statistical offices of the Member States.

(11) Data and information reported by Member States are essential for the Commission to assess compliance with waste legislation across the Member States. The quality, reliability and comparability of reported data should be improved by establishing a common methodology for collection and processing of data based on reliable sources and by introducing a single entry point for all waste data, deleting obsolete reporting requirements, benchmarking national reporting methodologies and introducing a data quality check report. Reliable reporting of statistical data concerning waste management is paramount to efficient implementation and to ensuring comparability of data among Member States. Therefore, when preparing the reports on compliance with the targets set out in Directive 19991/31/EC, Member States should use the common methodology developed by the Commission in cooperation with the national statistical offices of the Member States and the national authorities responsible for waste management.

Amendment 18

Proposal for a directive

Recital 12

Text proposed by the Commission

Amendment

(12) In order to supplement or amend Directive 1999/31/EC, in particular with the view to adapting its Annexes to scientific and technical progress, the power to adopt acts in accordance with Article 290 of the Treaty should be delegated to the Commission in respect of Article 16. It is particular importance that the Commission carries out appropriate consultations during its preparatory work, including at expert level. The Commission, when preparing and drawing-up delegated acts, should ensure a simultaneous, timely and appropriate transmission of relevant documents to the European Parliament and to the Council. Any amendments to the Annexes should only be made in line with the principles laid down in this Directive. To this end, as regards Annex II, the Commission should take into account the general principles and general procedures for testing and acceptance criteria as set out in Annex II. Moreover, specific criteria and test methods and associated limit values should be set for each class of landfill, including if necessary specific types of landfill within each class, including underground storage. Proposals for the standardisation of control, sampling and analysis methods in relation to the Annexes should be considered for adoption by the Commission where appropriate within two years after the entry into force of this Directive.

(12) In order to amend Directive 1999/31/EC, the power to adopt acts in accordance with Article 290 of the Treaty should be delegated to the Commission with regard to the adaptation of the Annexes to scientific and technical progress. It is of particular importance that the Commission carry out appropriate consultations during its preparatory work, including at expert level, and that those consultations be conducted in accordance with the principles laid down in the Interinstitutional Agreement on Better Law-Making of 13 April 2016. In particular, to ensure equal participation in the preparation of delegated acts, the European Parliament and the Council receive all documents at the same time as Member States' experts, and their experts systematically should have access to meetings of Commission expert groups dealing with the preparation of delegated acts. Any amendments to the Annexes should only be made in line with the principles laid down in this Directive. To this end, as regards Annex II, the Commission should take into account the general principles and general procedures for testing and acceptance criteria as set out in Annex II. Moreover, specific criteria and test methods and associated limit values should be set for each class of landfill, including if necessary specific types of landfill within each class, including underground storage. Where appropriate, proposals for the standardisation of control, sampling and analysis methods in relation to the Annexes should be considered for adoption by the Commission where appropriate within two years after the entry into force of this Directive.

Justification

Alignment with the Interinstitutional Agreement of 13 April 2016.

Amendment 19

Proposal for a directive

Recital 13

Text proposed by the Commission

Amendment

(13) In order to ensure uniform conditions for the implementation of Directive 1999/31/EC, implementing powers should be conferred on the Commission in respect of Articles 3(3), Annex I, paragraph 3.5 and Annex II, paragraph 5. Those powers should be exercised in accordance with Regulation (EU) No 182/2011 of the European Parliament and of the Council¹⁷.

(13) In order to ensure uniform conditions for the implementation of Directive 1999/31/EC, implementing powers should be conferred on the Commission with regard to the definition of deposit of non-hazardous waste, the method to be used for the determination of the permeability coefficient for landfills under certain conditions and, because the sampling of waste is able to pose serious problems with respect to representation and techniques due to the heterogeneous nature of different types of waste, the development of a European standard for the sampling of waste. Those powers should be exercised in accordance with Regulation (EU) No 182/2011 of the European Parliament and of the Council¹⁷.

__________________

¹⁷ Regulation (EU) No 182/2011 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 February 2011 laying down the rules and general principles concerning mechanisms for control by Member States of the Commission’s exercise of implementing powers (OJ L 55, 28/02/2011, p. 13).

Justification

Alignment with the Lisbon Treaty.

Amendment 20

Proposal for a directive

Recital 16 a (new)

Text proposed by the Commission

Amendment

(16a) The Commission and Member States should ensure the development of plans for the sustainable recovery and sustainable alternative usage of landfills and landfill-damaged areas.

Amendment 21

Proposal for a directive

Recital 16 b (new)

Text proposed by the Commission

Amendment

(16b) This Directive has been adopted taking into account the commitments set out in the Interinstitutional Agreement on Better Law-Making of 13 April 2016 and it should be implemented and applied in accordance with the guidance contained in the same Agreement.

Amendment 22

Proposal for a directive

Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point -1 (new)

Directive 1999/31/EC

Article 1 – paragraph -1 (new)


Text proposed by the Commission	Amendment
	(-1) In Article 1, the following paragraph is added:
	-1. A progressive phasing out of landfilling is a fundamental condition to support the Union's transition towards a circular economy.

Justification

It is important to include in the overall objective of the Directive the importance of a progressive phasing out of landfilling for the transition towards a circular economy.

Amendment 23

Proposal for a directive

Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 1 – point a

Directive 1999/31/EC

Article 2 – point a


Text proposed by the Commission	Amendment
(a) the definitions of ‘waste’, ‘municipal waste’, ‘hazardous waste’, ‘waste producer’, ‘waste holder’, ‘waste management’, ‘separate collection’, ‘recovery’, ‘recycling’ and ‘disposal’ laid down in Article 3 of Directive 2008/98/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council(*) shall apply;	(a) the definitions of ‘waste’, ‘municipal waste’, ‘hazardous waste’, 'non-hazardous waste', ‘waste producer’, ‘waste holder’, ‘waste management’, ‘separate collection’, ‘recovery’, ‘recycling’ and ‘disposal’ laid down in Article 3 of Directive 2008/98/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council(*) shall apply;
__________________	__________________
(*) Directive 2008/98/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 19 November 2008 on waste and repealing certain Directives (OJ L 312, 22.11.2008, p. 3).';	(*) Directive 2008/98/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 19 November 2008 on waste and repealing certain Directives (OJ L 312, 22.11.2008, p. 3).';

Justification

The relevant definitions from Article 3 of Directive 2008/98/EC have been inserted, including that of 'non-hazardous waste'.

Amendment 24

Proposal for a directive

Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 1 – point a a (new)

Directive 1999/31/EC

Article 2 – point a a (new)


Text proposed by the Commission	Amendment
	(aa) the following point aa is inserted:
	“(aa) ‘residual waste’ means waste resulting from a treatment or a recovery operation, including recycling, which cannot be recovered further and, as a result, has to be disposed of;”

Amendment 25

Proposal for a directive

Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 1 – point b a (new)

Directive 1999/31/EC

Article 2 – point m


Present text	Amendment
	(ba) point m is amended as follows:
(m) 'biodegradable waste' means any waste that is capable of undergoing anaerobic or aerobic decomposition, such as food and garden waste, and paper and paperboard;	“(m) ‘biodegradable waste’ means food and garden waste, paper, paperboard, wood and any other waste that can undergo anaerobic or aerobic decomposition;”

Amendment 26

Proposal for a directive

Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 1 a (new)

Directive 1999/31/EC

Article 3 – paragraph 3


Present text	Amendment
	(1a) In Article 3, paragraph 3 is amended as follows:
3. Without prejudice to Directive 75/442/EEC Member States may declare at their own option, that the deposit of non-hazardous waste, to be defined by the committee established under Article 17 of this Directive, other than inert waste, resulting from prospecting and extraction, treatment and storage of mineral resources as well as from the operation of quarries and which are deposited in a manner preventing environmental pollution or harm to human health, can be exempted from the provisions in Annex I, points 2, 3.1, 3.2 and 3.3 of this Directive.	'3. Without prejudice to Directive 75/442/EEC Member States may declare at their own option, that the deposit of non-hazardous waste, other than inert waste, resulting from prospecting and extraction, treatment and storage of mineral resources as well as from the operation of quarries and which are deposited in a manner preventing environmental pollution or harm to human health, can be exempted from the provisions in Annex I, points 2, 3.1, 3.2 and 3.3 of this Directive. The Commission shall adopt implementing acts which set out what constitutes a deposit of non-hazardous waste. Those implementing acts shall be adopted in accordance with the examination procedure referred to in Article 17(2).'

Justification

Alignment with the Lisbon Treaty.

Amendment 27

Proposal for a directive

Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 2 – point -a (new)

Directive 1999/31/EC

Article 5 – paragraph 1


Present text	Amendment
	(-a) paragraph 1 is replaced by the following:
1. Member States shall set up a national strategy for the implementation of the reduction of biodegradable waste going to landfills, not later than two years after the date laid down in Article 18(1) and notify the Commission of this strategy. This strategy should include measures to achieve the targets set out in paragraph 2 by means of in particular, recycling, composting, biogas production or materials/energy recovery. Within 30 months of the date laid down in Article 18(1) the Commission shall provide the European Parliament and the Council with a report drawing together the national strategies.	1. Member States shall set up a national strategy in collaboration with regional and local authorities responsible for waste management for the implementation of the phasing-out of biodegradable waste going to landfills, not later than two years after the date laid down in Article 18(1) and notify the Commission of this strategy. This strategy should include measures to achieve the targets set out in paragraph 2 by means of in particular, recycling, composting, biogas production, materials recovery or when the already mentioned are not possible energy recovery. Within 30 months of the date laid down in Article 18(1) the Commission shall provide the European Parliament and the Council with a report drawing together the national strategies.

Amendment 28

Proposal for a directive

Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 2 – point b

Directive 1999/31/EC

Article 5 – paragraph 3 – point f


Text proposed by the Commission	Amendment
(f) waste that has been separately collected pursuant to Article 11(1) and 22 of Directive 2008/98/EC.	(f) waste that has been separately collected pursuant to Article 11(1), and Article 22 of Directive 2008/98/EC and packaging or packaging waste as defined in Article 3 of Directive 94/62/EC;

Amendment 29

Proposal for a directive

Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 2 – point c

Directive 1999/31/EC

Article 5 – paragraph 5


Text proposed by the Commission	Amendment
5. Member States shall take the necessary measures to ensure that by 2030 the amount of municipal waste landfilled is reduced to 10% of the total amount of municipal waste generated.	5. Member States shall take the necessary measures to ensure that by 2030 the annual amount of municipal waste landfilled is reduced to 5% of the total amount of municipal waste generated.

Amendment 30

Proposal for a directive

Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 2 – point c

Directive 1999/31/EC

Article 5 – paragraph 5 a (new)


Text proposed by the Commission	Amendment
	5a. By 31 December 2030, Member States shall accept only residual municipal waste in landfills for non-hazardous waste.

Amendment 31

Proposal for a directive

Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 2 – point c

Directive 1999/31/EC

Article 5 – paragraph 6 – subparagraph 1


Text proposed by the Commission	Amendment
Estonia, Greece, Croatia, Latvia, Malta, Romania and Slovakia may obtain five additional years for the attainment of the target referred to in paragraph 5. The Member State shall notify the Commission of its intention to make use of this provision at the latest 24 months before the deadline laid down in paragraph 5. In the event of an extension, the Member State shall take the necessary measures to reduce by 2030 the amount of municipal waste landfilled to 20% of the total amount of municipal waste generated.	A Member State may request a five-year extension to attain the target referred to in paragraph 5, if it has landfilled more than 65 % of its municipal waste in 2013.
	The Member State shall submit a request to the Commission to obtain such an extension by 31 December 2028.

Amendment 32

Proposal for a directive

Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 2 – point c

Directive 1999/31/EC

Article 5 – paragraph 6 – subparagraph 2


Text proposed by the Commission	Amendment
The notification shall be accompanied by an implementation plan presenting the measures needed to ensure compliance with the targets before the new deadline. The plan shall also include a detailed timetable for the implementation of the proposed measures and an assessment of their expected impacts.	The request for extension shall be accompanied by an implementation plan presenting the measures needed to ensure compliance with the target before the new deadline. The plan shall be drafted on the basis of an evaluation of the existing waste management plans and shall also include a detailed timetable for the implementation of the proposed measures and an assessment of their expected impacts.
	In addition, the plan referred to in the third subparagraph shall comply at least with the following requirements:
	(a) it uses appropriate economic instruments to provide incentives for the application of the waste hierarchy as referred to in Article 4(1) of Directive 2008/98/CE;
	(b) it demonstrates an efficient and effective use of Structural and Cohesion Funds through demonstrable long-term investments which aim at financing the development of the waste management infrastructures needed to meet the relevant targets.
	(c) it provides high quality statistics and generates clear forecasts of waste management capacities and of the distance to the targets specified in paragraph 5 of this Article, Articles 5 and 6 of Directive 94/62/EC and Article 11(2) of Directive 2008/98/EC;
	(d) it has set out waste prevention programmes as referred to in Article 29 of Directive 2008/98/CE.
	The Commission shall assess whether the requirements set out in points (a) to (d) of the fourth subparagraph are fulfilled.
	Unless the Commission raises objections to the presented plan within five months of the date of receipt, the request for the extension shall be deemed to be accepted.
	If the Commission raises objections to the presented plan, it shall require the Member State concerned to submit a revised plan within two months of receipt of those objections.
	The Commission shall assess the revised plan within two months of its receipt and accept or reject the request for the extension in writing. In the absence of a decision from the Commission within that deadline, the request for the extension shall be deemed to be accepted.
	The Commission shall inform, within two months from the date of the decision, the Council and the European Parliament of its decisions within two months of taking those decisions.

Amendment 33

Proposal for a directive

Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 2 – point c

Directive 1999/31/EC

Article 5 – paragraph 7


Text proposed by the Commission	Amendment
7. By 31 December 2024 at the latest, the Commission shall examine the target laid down in paragraph 5 with a view to reducing it and introducing restrictions to the landfilling of non-hazardous waste other than municipal waste. To this end, a report of the Commission accompanied by a proposal, if appropriate, shall be sent to the European Parliament and the Council.	7. By 31 December 2018 at the latest, the Commission shall examine the possibility to introduce a target and restrictions to the landfilling of non-hazardous waste other than municipal waste. To this end, a report of the Commission accompanied by a legislative proposal, if appropriate, shall be sent to the European Parliament and the Council.

Amendment 34

Proposal for a directive

Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 2 – point c a (new)

Directive 1999/31/EC

Article 5 – paragraph 7 a (new)


Text proposed by the Commission	Amendment
	(ca) In Article 5, the following paragraph is added:
	7a. The Commission shall further examine the feasibility of proposing a regulatory framework for enhanced landfill mining so as to permit the retrieval of secondary raw materials that are present in existing landfills. By 31 December 2025 Member States shall map existing landfills and indicate their potential for enhanced landfill mining and share information.

Justification

Enhanced Landfill Mining does not only enable the recovery of valuable materials which can be brought back into the cycle, but also allows for recovering land area, taking into account that a large part of the EU's 500.000 historic landfills are situated in a (semi-) urban environment.

Amendment 35

Proposal for a directive

Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 3

Directive 1999/31/EC

Article 5 a – paragraph 2 – introductory sentence


Text proposed by the Commission	Amendment
2. The reports referred to in paragraph 1 shall include the following:	2. The reports referred to in paragraph 1 shall be made publicly available and shall include the following:

Amendment 36

Proposal for a directive

Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 3

Directive 1999/31/EC

Article 5 a – paragraph 2 – point b a (new)


Text proposed by the Commission	Amendment
	“(ba) examples of best practices that are used throughout the Union and that can provide guidance for progressing towards achieving the targets laid down in Article 5.”

Amendment 37

Proposal for a directive

Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 3 a (new)

Directive 1999/31/EC

Article 5 b (new)


Text proposed by the Commission	Amendment
	(3a) the following Article 5b is added:
	Article 5b
	Exchange of best practices and information
	The Commission shall establish a platform for a regular and structured exchange of best practices and information between the Commission and the Member States on the practical implementation of the requirements of this Directive. That exchange will contribute to ensure adequate governance, enforcement, cross-border cooperation, the exchange of best practices such as innovation deals and peer review. Furthermore, the platform shall incentivise frontrunners and enable leapfrogging. The Commission shall make the results of the platform available to the public.

Justification

The exchange of best practices and information is important to enable all Member States to achieve the targets.

Amendment 38

Proposal for a directive

Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 3 b (new)

Directive 1999/31/EC

Article 6 – point a


Present text	Amendment
	(3b) In Article 6, point a is amended as follows:
"(a) only waste that has been subject to treatment is landfilled. This provision may not apply to inert waste for which treatment is not technically feasible, nor to any other waste for which such treatment does not contribute to the objectives of this Directive, as set out in Article 1, by reducing the quantity of the waste or the hazards to human health or the environment;"	“(a) only waste that has been subject to treatment is landfilled. This provision may not apply to inert waste for which treatment is not technically feasible, nor to any other waste for which such treatment does not contribute to the objectives of this Directive, as set out in Article 1, by reducing the quantity of the waste or the hazards to human health or the environment, provided that the reduction targets of Article 5(2) of this Directive and the recycling targets of Article 11 of Directive 2008/98/EC are met by the respective Member State;”

Amendment 39

Proposal for a directive

Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 4

Directive 1999/31/EC

Article 6 – point a – second subparagraph


Text proposed by the Commission	Amendment
(4) in Article 6(a), the following sentence is added:	(4) in Article 6, point a, the following subparagraph is added:
‘Member States shall ensure that measures taken in accordance with this point do not compromise the achievement of the objectives of Directive 2008/98/EC, notably on the increase of preparing for re-use and recycling as set out in Article 11 of that Directive.’	‘Member States shall ensure that measures taken in accordance with this point do not compromise the achievement of the objectives of Directive 2008/98/EC, notably on the waste hierarchy and on the increase of preparing for re-use and recycling as set out in Article 11 of that Directive.’

Amendment 40

Proposal for a directive

Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 6

Directive 1999/31/EC

Article 15 – paragraph 1


Text proposed by the Commission	Amendment
1. Member States shall report the data concerning the implementation of Article 5(2) and (5) for each calendar year to the Commission. They shall report this data electronically within 18 months of the end of the reporting year for which the data are collected. The data shall be reported in the format established by the Commission in accordance with paragraph 5. The first reporting shall cover the data for the period from 1 January [enter year of transposition of this Directive + 1 year] to 31 December [enter year of transposition of this Directive + 1 year].	1. Member States shall report the data concerning the implementation of Article 5(2) and (5) for each calendar year to the Commission. They shall report this data electronically within 12 months of the end of the reporting year for which the data are collected. The data shall be reported in the format established by the Commission in accordance with paragraph 5. The first reporting with respect to the target in Article 5(5) shall cover the data for the period from 1 January [enter year of transposition of this Directive + 1 year] to 31 December [enter year of transposition of this Directive + 1 year].

Amendment 41

Proposal for a directive

Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 6 a (new)

Directive 1999/31/EC

Article 15a (new)


Text proposed by the Commission	Amendment
	(6a) the following Article is inserted:
	“Article 15a
	Instruments to promote a shift to a more circular economy
	In order to contribute to the objectives laid down in this Directive, Member States shall make use of adequate economic instruments and shall take other measures to provide incentives for the application of the waste hierarchy. Such instruments and measures may include those indicated in Annex IVa to Directive 2008/98/EC.”

Amendment 42

Proposal for a directive

Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 6 b (new)

Directive 1999/31/EC

Article 15 b (new)


Text proposed by the Commission	Amendment
	(6b) the following Article is inserted:
	'Article 15b
	Determination of the permeability coefficient for landfills
	The Commission shall develop and approve the method to be used for the determination of the permeability coefficient for landfills, in the field and for the whole extension of the site, by means of implementing acts. Those implementing acts shall be adopted in accordance with the examination procedure referred to in Article 17(2).'

Justification

Alignment with the Lisbon Treaty.

Amendment 43

Proposal for a directive

Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 6 c (new)

Directive 1999/31 CE

Article 15 c (new)


Text proposed by the Commission	Amendment
	6c. the following Article 15 c is inserted:
	'Article 15 c
	European standard for sampling of waste
	The Commission shall develop a European standard for sampling of waste by means of implementing acts. Those implementing acts shall be adopted in accordance with the examination procedure referred to in Article 17(2). Until those implementing acts have been adopted, the Member States may apply national standards and procedures.'

Justification

Alignment with the Lisbon Treaty.

Amendment 44

Proposal for a directive

Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 9

Directive 1999/31/EC

Article 17a – paragraph 3 a (new)


Text proposed by the Commission	Amendment
	3a. Before adopting a delegated act, the Commission shall consult experts designated by each Member State in accordance with the principles laid down in the Interinstitutional Agreement on Better Law-Making of 13 April 2016.

Justification

Alignment with the Interinstitutional Agreement of 13 April 2016.

Amendment 45

Proposal for a directive

Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 9 a (new)

Directive 1999/31 CE

Annex I – point 3.5


Text proposed by the Commission	Amendment
	(9a) in Annex I, point 3.5 is deleted

Justification

Alignment with the Lisbon Treaty.

Amendment 46

Proposal for a directive

Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 9 b (new)

Directive 1999/31 CE

Annex II – point 5


Text proposed by the Commission	Amendment
	(9b) in Annex II, point 5 is deleted

Justification

Alignment with the Lisbon Treaty.

[1] OJ C 264, 20.7.2016, p.98.
[2] OJ C 17, 18.1.2017, p. 46.

EXPLANATORY STATEMENT

The rapporteur has opted, by way of a horizontal approach, to focus on the fields where the EU dimension possesses clear added value.

To this end, the report supports effective action to foster the efficient use of resources and a reduction in the production of waste and in its environmental impact, so as to encourage by practical means the transition to a circular economy.

The circular economy is above all an efficient economic model from the point of view of resources, which will improve and at the same reduce their use, simultaneously tackling problems associated with raw material supplies. In this way, the environment will receive greater protection, while reindustrialisation will also be promoted and European competitiveness will be increased in the global context, and the creation of quality jobs and new business opportunities will be fostered.

Such a systemic change calls for ambitious policies, backed by a clear legislative framework capable of sending the right signals to investors. If European legislation fails to incorporate clear definitions and binding targets, it could harm progress towards the transition.

The rapporteur would recall that the main aim of the Seventh European Environmental Action Programme is to transform the Union into a green, low-carbon economy which uses resources efficiently.

A paradigm shift is therefore needed which will take us beyond mere waste management and entail the adoption of policies which regard waste as a genuine resource in its own right. In order to attain that objective, full implementation of the European rules on waste is needed, which should be achieved by means of strict application of the waste hierarchy and should be complemented by further measures to reduce waste production. In several places, the rapporteur calls for it to be borne in mind that the circular economy should tackle the problem of waste management primarily from the prevention angle, and then by feeding waste back into production processes.

Landfill Directive

The amount of waste that is landfilled is a strong indicator and restrictions on landfilling can be used as a lever in the context of a circular economy. The targets in the Landfill Directive and in the Waste Framework Directive are interlinked; a reduction in the amounts of landfilled waste can only be accomplished and must go hand in hand with higher targets for the collection and recycling of waste. Landfilling should only be a last resort for waste that can be neither avoided nor recycled or recovered or at least minimised and decontaminated. The rapporteur therefore welcomes the Commission's proposal to amend the Landfill Directive and to further limit the landfilling of municipal waste.

The Commission's proposal introduces a target of maximum 10% for municipal waste generated to be landfilled by 2030. It also provides for an optional additional five year transition period for seven specifically listed Member States. Furthermore, it introduces an Early Warning System in cooperation with the European Environment Agency and amends the reporting scheme. Finally, it updates the provisions for secondary legislation.

The rapporteur endorses most of the elements mentioned, but suggests amending several aspects of the proposal in order to make it more coherent and ambitious, most importantly:

Phasing-out instead of reduction of landfilling:

As explained above, in the long term landfilling should only be allowed where no alternatives exist. Although this might not immediately affect implementation, it is vital to speak a clear language throughout the whole text, signalling that any quantitative reduction target is not an end in itself and should serve as a means towards a sustainable resource management. As a consequence it should be stated in the text that only treated waste that cannot be recycled anymore shall be landfilled.

A gradual approach towards a more ambitious 2030 goal:

Experience shows that the implementation of environmental legislation requires permanent monitoring. The rapporteur sets a more ambitious residual landfill target of 5% instead of 10% for 2030, which better reflects the idea of a circular economy.

Additional transition period for Member States with implementation challenges:

Although the rapporteur welcomes the flexible approach proposed by the Commission, the listing of seven select Member States is arbitrary, unjust and demotivating for all involved parties. The rapporteur suggests to base the grace period on transparent and comprehensible criteria and to establish an unambiguous authorisation procedure for any deviation.

A possible restriction to the landfilling of non-hazardous non-municipal waste:

The rapporteur regrets the lack of ambition in the Commission's proposal with regard to waste from other sources than municipalities, and proposes a mandate for a review and a respective optional target already in 2018.

Uniform provisions for the determination of the permeability coefficient of landfills and for the sampling of waste:

The rapporteur notes that the Commission refrains from completing its tasks as set out in Annexes I and II. These provisions are however necessary for the safe operation of a landfill. The rapporteur therefore proposes a very precise wording in order to allow the Commission to develop and adopt the required technical provisions.

OPINION of the Committee on Industry, Research and Energy (8.11.2016)

for the Committee on the Environment, Public Health and Food Safety

on the proposal for a directive of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Directive 1999/31/EC on the landfill of waste
(COM(2015)0594 – C8‑0384/2015 – 2015/0274(COD))

Rapporteur: Pavel Telička

SHORT JUSTIFICATION

On 2 December 2015, the European Commission adopted a new circular economy

Package, which contains the Action plan for the Circular Economy and four legislative proposals on waste. The aim of this legislative proposal is to set up targets for waste reduction including targets for landfill, reuse and recycling, to be met by 2030. The proposal also establishes an ambitious and credible long-term path for waste management and recycling activities.

Even though the ITRE Committee decided to split the package into four separate files, these are closely interlinked. Many of the changes regarding statistics and definitions of waste are presented within the Waste Framework Directive (WFD), while targets and obligations based on these definitions or statistics are presented within other three directives. Hence it is necessary to ensure coherence among all files.

The Rapporteur for the opinion welcomes the EC revised proposal, as it represents broader, more holistic and also more realistic approach. Reliable reporting of statistical data concerning waste management is indeed a key for ensuring a level playing field among Member States and for an efficient waste management in the EU. Further improvement in this field is undoubtedly needed. Targets proposed by the European Commission have to be ambitious, yet realistic and achievable for all member States, otherwise the EU face the risk of fragmentation of the Internal Market and non-inclusive and thus uneven development in this field. A long-term vision with sufficiently ambitious goals is the proper way to proceed. However, the Rapporteur has still doubts about the methodology used for setting targets regardless of their appropriateness. Also, after collection of reliable and comparable data, it will be necessary to review the targets and ambitions to appropriate level. The rapporteur also regrets that the entire proposal lacks a focus on education and information which should stand in the very core of the transformation.

The aim of the Amending Directives on landfill of waste is to improve the waste management in the EU by setting up a landfill restrictions to be met by 2030 and further restrictions on separately collected waste including bio-waste. This proposal should encourage further sorting and recycling of waste in accordance with the waste hierarchy (see the WFD). The Rapporteur welcomes the proposal, and advocates that definitions and accurate statistics are the cornerstone of the entire waste legislation and are inevitable for measuring the progress in achieving the objectives of the waste legislation and circular economy.

The rapporteur would like to stress the importance of exchange of information and best practices not only at the EU level but also between different sectors of the economy, including the waste industry, and the financial sector. This could be achieved through the establishment of communication platforms that would help raise awareness of new industrial solutions and allow for a better overview of available capacities and support industrial symbiosis, which can significantly contribute to the transition towards a more circular economy. The Rapporteur also believes that the financial funds allocated by the Commission to the transition could also be used for research projects on treatment of waste, especial as regards hazardous waste.

The rapporteur welcomes the proposal to simplify the reporting obligation for Member States, although some parts proposed by the Commission do not provide for unambiguous interpretation. The Commission also proposes a system of reporting every three years, yet the question is how these deadlines will be met in practice and when will the reporting process start after transposition of this directive to have a sufficient time for a reflection and further measures, if needed.

The Rapporteur supports restrictions on landfilling of bio-waste, but he believes that the bio-waste should be mandatory separately collected and that the need for mandatory separate collection of bio-waste should be further highlighted in the WFD. The Rapporteur will therefore propose further amendments on mandatory separate collection of bio-waste in the WFD to make a clear link between both files.

There are major differences in the absolute amount of waste produced in individual Member States. The calculation method for landfill targets proposed by the Commission (in percentage), does not sufficiently reflect these differences. The Rapporteur believes that the Commission should also assess a further target based on the total amount of waste that can be landfilled, calculated per kilogramme per person per year. This would facilitate comparisons between Member States and would allow a better assessment of waste prevention, which is the highest level in the waste hierarchy. It would also therefore contribute to reducing the overall amount of waste generated every year.

Rapporteur would like to highlight a need for correct implementation and enforcement of the existing waste legislation. Any further measures taken by the Commission should take into account the commitments set out in the Inter-institutional Agreement on better law-making.

AMENDMENTS

The Committee on Industry, Research and Energy calls on the Committee on the Environment, Public Health and Food Safety, as the committee responsible, to take into account the following amendments:

Amendment 1

Proposal for a directive

Recital 1

Text proposed by the Commission

Amendment

(1) Waste management in the Union should be improved, with a view to protecting, preserving and improving the quality of the environment, protecting human health, ensuring prudent and rational utilisation of natural resources, fostering the energy transition and energy efficiency and promoting a more circular economy that will make it possible to reduce the Union’s dependence on natural resources.

Amendment 2

Proposal for a directive

Recital 2

Text proposed by the Commission

Amendment

(2) The targets laid down in Council Directive 1999/31/EC¹⁴ setting landfill restrictions should be amended to make them better reflect the Union's ambition to move to a circular economy and make progress in the implementation of the Raw Materials Initiative¹⁵ by reducing landfilling of waste destined for landfills for non-hazardous waste.

(2) The targets laid down in Council Directive 1999/31/EC¹⁴ setting landfill restrictions should be revised to make them better reflect the Union's ambition to move to a circular economy and make progress in the implementation of the Raw Materials Initiative¹⁵ by gradually reducing landfilling of waste destined for landfills for non-hazardous waste until it is phased-out altogether.

__________________

¹⁴ Council Directive 1999/31/EC of 26 April 1999 on the landfill of waste (OJ L 182, 16.07.1999, p. 1).

¹⁵ COM(2008) 699 and COM(2014) 297.

Amendment 3

Proposal for a directive

Recital 5

Text proposed by the Commission

Amendment

(5) Clear environmental, economic and social benefits would be derived from further restricting landfilling, starting with waste streams that are subject to separate collection (e.g. plastics, metals, glass, paper, bio-waste). Improvement in the technical, environmental or economical feasibility of recycling should be further supported with the aim of reducing as much as possible the amount of residual waste resulting from separately collected waste.

Justification

Waste that was separately collected and is recyclable should not end up in landfill. Further investments are needed to reduce the amount of residual waste.

Amendment 4

Proposal for a directive

Recital 6

Text proposed by the Commission

Amendment

(6) Biodegradable municipal waste accounts for a large proportion of municipal waste. Landfilling of untreated biodegradable waste poses significant negative environmental effects in terms of greenhouse gas emissions and pollution of surface water, groundwater, soil and air. While Directive 1999/31/EC already sets landfill diversion targets for biodegradable waste it is appropriate to put in place further restrictions on the landfilling of biodegradable waste by prohibiting the landfilling of biodegradable waste, which should be separately collected in accordance with Article 22 of Directive 2008/98/EC. The Commission and the Member States should encourage the use of alternative measures for the sustainable treatment of biodegradable waste in line with new technologies and techniques such as worm composting or bio-digestion.

Amendment 5

Proposal for a directive

Recital 7

Text proposed by the Commission

Amendment

(7) Many Member States have not yet completely developed the necessary waste management infrastructure. The setting of landfill reduction targets will further facilitate separate collection, sorting and recycling of waste and avoid locking potentially recyclable materials at the bottom of the waste hierarchy.

(7) Many Member States have not yet completely developed the necessary waste management infrastructure. The setting of clear landfill reduction targets and the creation of a framework programme with a time schedule for the targets to be met should further encourage and facilitate separate collection, sorting and recycling of waste. Furthermore, these ambitious targets should provide an adequate context for stimulating increased public and private investments in infrastructure, research and skills, and they should avoid locking potentially recyclable materials at the bottom of the waste hierarchy.

Amendment 6

Proposal for a directive

Recital 8

Text proposed by the Commission

Amendment

(8) A progressive reduction of landfilling is necessary to prevent detrimental impacts on human health and the environment and to ensure that economically valuable waste materials are gradually and effectively recovered through proper waste management and in line with the waste hierarchy as laid down in Directive 2008/98/EC. That progressive reduction of landfilling will bring a major change in waste management in many Member States. With improved statistics on waste collection and treatment, it should be possible to avoid the development of excessive capacity for the treatment of residual waste facilities, such as through energy recovery or low grade mechanical biological treatment of untreated municipal waste, as this could result in undermining the achievement of the Union's long-term preparation for reuse and recycling targets for municipal waste as laid down in Article 11 of Directive 2008/98/EC. Similarly, and to prevent detrimental impacts on human health and the environment, while Member States should take all necessary measures to ensure that only waste that has been subject to treatment is landfilled, compliance with such obligation should not lead to the creation of overcapacities for the treatment of residual municipal waste and will contribute to achieve a high quality of sorted material. To this end, it is necessary that the drive towards the elimination of landfilling does not have as a consequence an increase in incineration quantities and capacities and over-use of landfill. In addition, in order to ensure consistency between the targets laid down in Article 11 of Directive 2008/98/EC and the landfill reduction target defined in Article 5 of this Directive and to ensure a coordinated planning of the infrastructures and investments needed to meet those targets, Member States which may obtain additional time for the attainment of the municipal waste recycling targets should also be given additional time to attain the landfill reduction target for 2030 as laid down in this Directive. It is also necessary to ensure that shipments of waste are treated in the most cost-efficient and sustainable way in line with the principles and requirements of Regulation (EC) No 1013/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council^1a, in particular in line with the principle of proximity, priority for recovery and self-sufficiency, therefore those shipments should be properly monitored and coordinated, thereby guaranteeing that they are carried out in a manner that is consistent with the principles and premises of the circular economy.

_____________________

^1a Regulation (EC) No 1013/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 14 June 2016 on shipments of waste (OJ L 190, 12.7.2006, p. 1).

Amendment 7

Proposal for a directive

Recital 8 a (new)

Text proposed by the Commission

Amendment

(8a) The Commission should assess the appropriateness of introducing a target for the total amount of waste, municipal waste or to all kinds of waste regardless of origin, that can be landfilled, calculated per kilogramme per person per year. Such a target would facilitate comparisons between Member States and would allow a better assessment of waste prevention, which is the highest level in the waste hierarchy. It would also therefore contribute to reducing the overall amount of waste generated every year.

Amendment 8

Proposal for a directive

Recital 8 b (new)

Text proposed by the Commission

Amendment

(8b) In order to help achieve the objectives of Directive 1999/31/EC, the Commission should promote the coordination and exchange of information and best practices both between Member States, sub-national authorities, particularly in the event that these government levels are responsible for waste management, and between different sectors of the economy, including the waste industry and the financial sector. That could be achieved through the establishment of communication platforms that would help raise awareness of new industrial solutions and allow for a better overview of available capacities and would contribute to connecting the waste industry and the financial sector and to supporting industrial symbiosis, always having in mind that it is essential to maintain the competitiveness of European industry.

Amendment 9

Proposal for a directive

Recital 9

Text proposed by the Commission

Amendment

Amendment 10

Proposal for a directive

Recital 11

Text proposed by the Commission

Amendment

(11) Statistical data reported by Member States are essential for the Commission to assess compliance with waste legislation across the Member States. The quality, reliability and comparability of statistics should be improved by establishing a harmonised methodology for data collection and processing and by introducing a single entry point for all waste data, which should be Eurostat, and by deleting obsolete reporting requirements, benchmarking national reporting methodologies and introducing a data quality check report, which should be based on a harmonised format. Reliable reporting of comparable statistical data concerning waste management is paramount to efficient implementation and to ensuring comparability of data among Member States. Therefore, when preparing the reports on compliance with the targets set out in Directive 1999/31/EC, Member States should use the most recent methodology developed by the Commission and the national statistical offices of the Member States.

Amendment 11

Proposal for a directive

Recital 12 a (new)

Text proposed by the Commission

Amendment

(12a) The landfilling of hazardous waste that is collected together with non-hazardous waste (municipal, industrial, other) can constitute a risk to human health and the environment. Research programmes on the treatment of hazardous waste would help to reduce such landfilling. Union funds that are allocated to support the transition to the circular economy could therefore be used for such programmes.

Amendment 12

Proposal for a directive

Recital 16 a (new)

Text proposed by the Commission

Amendment

(16a) This Directive has been adopted taking into account the commitments set out in the Interinstitutional Agreement on Better Law-Making of 13 April 2016 and it should be implemented and applied in accordance with the guidance contained in the same Agreement.

Amendment 13

Proposal for a directive

Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 1 – point b a (new)

Directive 1999/31/EC

Article 2 – point m


Present text	Amendment
	(ba) point m is replaced by the following:
(m) 'biodegradable waste' means any waste that is capable of undergoing anaerobic or aerobic decomposition, such as food and garden waste, and paper and paperboard;	'(m) 'biodegradable waste' means food, garden waste, paper and paperboard, wood and non-animal agricultural waste such as straw, and any other waste that can undergo anaerobic or aerobic decomposition;'

Amendment 14

Proposal for a directive

Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 2 – point -a (new)

Directive 1999/31/EC

Article 5 – paragraph 1


Present text	Amendment
	(-a) paragraph 1 is replaced by the following:
1. Member States shall set up a national strategy for the implementation of the reduction of biodegradable waste going to landfills, not later than two years after the date laid down in Article 18(1) and notify the Commission of this strategy. This strategy should include measures to achieve the targets set out in paragraph 2 by means of in particular, recycling, composting, biogas production or materials/energy recovery. Within 30 months of the date laid down in Article 18(1) the Commission shall provide the European Parliament and the Council with a report drawing together the national strategies.	1. Member States shall set up a national strategy for the implementation of the accelerated reduction of biodegradable waste going to landfills, not later than two years after the date laid down in Article 18(1) and notify the Commission of this strategy. This strategy should include measures to achieve the targets set out in paragraph 2 by means of in particular, recycling, composting, biogas production or materials/energy recovery. Within 30 months of the date laid down in Article 18(1) the Commission shall provide the European Parliament and the Council with a report drawing together the national strategies.

Amendment 15

Proposal for a directive

Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 2 – point c

Directive 1999/31/EC

Article 5 – paragraphs 5 to 7


Text proposed by the Commission	Amendment
5. Member States shall take the necessary measures to ensure that by 2030 the amount of municipal waste landfilled is reduced to 10% of the total amount of municipal waste generated.	5. Member States shall take the necessary measures to ensure that by 2030 the amount of municipal waste landfilled is reduced to 10% of the total amount of municipal waste generated.
	5a. Member States shall accept by 31 December 2030 only residual non-hazardous waste from municipal and commercial and industrial waste, in landfills for non-hazardous waste.
6. Estonia, Greece, Croatia, Latvia, Malta, Romania and Slovakia may obtain five additional years for the attainment of the target referred to in paragraph 5. The Member State shall notify the Commission of its intention to make use of this provision at the latest 24 months before the deadline laid down in paragraph 5. In the event of an extension, the Member State shall take the necessary measures to reduce by 2030 the amount of municipal waste landfilled to 20% of the total amount of municipal waste generated.	6. Estonia, Greece, Croatia, Latvia, Malta, Romania and Slovakia may obtain five additional years for the attainment of the target referred to in paragraph 5. The Member State shall notify the Commission of its intention to make use of this provision at the latest 24 months before the deadline laid down in paragraph 5. In the event of an extension, the Member State shall take the necessary measures to reduce by 2030 the amount of municipal waste landfilled to 20% of the total amount of municipal waste generated.
The notification shall be accompanied by an implementation plan presenting the measures needed to ensure compliance with the targets before the new deadline. The plan shall also include a detailed timetable for the implementation of the proposed measures and an assessment of their expected impacts.	The notification shall be accompanied by an implementation plan presenting the measures needed to ensure compliance with the targets before the new deadline. The plan shall also include a detailed timetable for the implementation of the proposed measures and an assessment of their expected impacts.
7. By 31 December 2024 at the latest, the Commission shall examine the target laid down in paragraph 5 with a view to reducing it and introducing restrictions to the landfilling of non-hazardous waste other than municipal waste. To this end, a report of the Commission accompanied by a proposal, if appropriate, shall be sent to the European Parliament and the Council.	7. By 31 December 2024 at the latest, the Commission shall examine the target laid down in paragraph 5 with a view to possibly further reducing it to 5%, subject to an impact assessment, and introducing restrictions to the landfilling of non-hazardous waste other than municipal waste. The Commission shall also assess whether it is appropriate to introduce a target for the total amount of waste that can be landfilled, expressed, for example, in kilogrammes per person per year in the authorised area. To this end, a report of the Commission accompanied by a proposal, if necessary, shall be sent to the European Parliament and the Council.

Amendment 16

Proposal for a directive

Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 4 a (new)

Directive 1999/31/EC

Article 8 – point a – point iii


Present text	Amendment
	(4a) in Article 8(a), point iii is replaced by the following:
"(iii) the landfill shall be operated in such a manner that the necessary measures are taken to prevent accidents and limit their consequences;"	(iii) the landfill shall be operated in such a manner that the necessary preventative measures are continuously taken to mitigate the threat of accidents and their subsequent consequences;";

Amendment 17

Proposal for a directive

Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 5 a (new)

Directive 1999/31/EC

Article 14 a (new)


Text proposed by the Commission	Amendment
	(5a) The following article is inserted:
	'Article 14a
	Instruments to promote a shift to a more circular economy
	1. In order to contribute to the objectives laid down in this Directive, Member States shall make use of adequate economic instruments or other measures. To that end, Member States may make use of the economic instruments or other measures listed in Annex IIIa.
	2. Member States shall report to the Commission the specific economic instruments or other measures put in place in accordance with paragraph 1 by ...[insert date eighteen months after the entry into force of this Directive] and every five years following that date.’

Amendment 18

Proposal for a directive

Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 6

Directive 1999/31/EC

Article 15


Text proposed by the Commission	Amendment
1. Member States shall report the data concerning the implementation of Article 5(2) and (5) for each calendar year to the Commission. They shall report this data electronically within 18 months of the end of the reporting year for which the data are collected. The data shall be reported in the format established by the Commission in accordance with paragraph 5. The first reporting shall cover the data for the period from 1 January [enter year of transposition of this Directive + 1 year] to 31 December [enter year of transposition of this Directive + 1 year].	1. Member States shall report the data concerning the implementation of Article 5(2) and (5) for each calendar year to the Commission. They shall collect, process and report comparable data according to a harmonised methodology, electronically within 18 months of the end of the reporting year for which the data are collected. The data shall be reported in the format, which supports re-use and open data objectives, established by the Commission in accordance with paragraph 5. The first reporting shall cover the data for the period from 1 January [enter year of transposition of this Directive + 1 year] to 31 December [enter year of transposition of this Directive + 1 year].
2. Member States shall report the data concerning the implementation of the targets laid down in Article 5(2) until 1 January 2025.	2. Member States shall report the data concerning the implementation of the targets laid down in Article 5(2) until 1 January 2025.
3. The data reported by the Member State in accordance with this Article shall be accompanied by a quality check report.	3. The data reported by the Member State in accordance with this Article shall be accompanied by a quality check report. The quality check report shall be drawn up in accordance with a harmonised format.
4. The Commission shall review the data reported in accordance with this Article and publish a report on the results of its review. The report shall assess the organisation of the data collection, the sources of data and the methodology used in Member States as well as the completeness, reliability, timeliness and consistency of that data. The assessment may include specific recommendations for improvement. The report shall be drawn up every three years.	4. The Commission shall review the data reported in accordance with this Article and publish a report on the results of its review. The report shall assess the organisation of the data collection, the sources of data and the methodology used in Member States as well as the completeness, reliability, timeliness consistency of that data and the availability of open data. The assessment may include specific recommendations for improvement. The report shall be drawn up nine months after the first reporting of the data by the Member States and every three years thereafter.
5. The Commission shall adopt implementing acts laying down the format for reporting data in accordance with paragraph 1. Those implementing acts shall be adopted in accordance with the procedure referred to in Article 17(2) of this Directive.	5. The Commission shall adopt delegated acts in accordance with Article 17a laying down the format for reporting comparable data as well as the harmonised methodology in accordance with paragraph 1 and for the quality check report referred to in paragraph 3.

Amendment 19

Proposal for a directive

Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 9

Directive 1999/31/EC

Article 17a – paragraph 2


Text proposed by the Commission	Amendment
2. The power to adopt the delegated acts referred to in Article 16 shall be conferred on the Commission for an indeterminate period of time from [enter date of entry into force of this Directive].	2. The power to adopt the delegated acts referred to in Articles 15 and 16 shall be conferred on the Commission for an indeterminate period of time from [enter date of entry into force of this Directive].

Amendment 20

Proposal for a directive

Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 9

Directive 1999/31/EC

Article 17a –paragraph 5


Text proposed by the Commission	Amendment
5. A delegated act adopted pursuant to Article 16 shall enter into force only if no objection has been expressed either by the European Parliament or the Council within a period of two months of notification of that act to the European Parliament and the Council or if, before the expiry of that period, the European Parliament and the Council have both informed the Commission that they will not object. That period shall be extended by two months at the initiative of the European Parliament or of the Council.	5. A delegated act adopted pursuant to Articles 15 and 16 shall enter into force only if no objection has been expressed either by the European Parliament or the Council within a period of two months of notification of that act to the European Parliament and the Council or if, before the expiry of that period, the European Parliament and the Council have both informed the Commission that they will not object. That period shall be extended by two months at the initiative of the European Parliament or of the Council.

Amendment 21

Proposal for a directive

Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 9 a (new)

Directive1999/31/EC

Annex I – paragraph 1 – point 1.1 – point e


Present text	Amendment
	(9a) in ANNEX I, point (e) of point 1.1 is replaced by the following:
"(e) the protection of the nature or cultural patrimony in the area."	"(e) the risk posed to local ecosystems and indigenous wildlife as well as the cultural patrimony of the area.";

Amendment 22

Proposal for a directive

Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 10 a (new)

Directive 1999/31/EC

Annex IIIa (new)


Text proposed by the Commission	Amendment
	(10a) Annex IIIa, as set out in the Annex to this Directive, is added.

Amendment 23

Proposal for a directive

Annex (new)

Directive 1999/31/EC

Annex IIIa (new)


Text proposed by the Commission	Amendment
	ANNEX
	The following Annex IIIa is added:
	'Annex IIIa
	Instruments to promote the application of the waste hierarchy and a shift to a circular economy
	1. Economic instruments:
	1.1. progressive increase of landfill taxes and/or fees for all categories of waste (municipal, inert and other);
	1.2. introduction or increase of incineration taxes and/or fees;
	1.3. direct price support schemes to promote re-use, repair and recycling;
	1.4. internalisation of positive and negative externalities linked to recycling and primary raw materials;
	1.5. introduction of low or zero VAT on the repair, materials for repairing and sale of second-hand products;
	1.6. progressive extension to the whole territory of Member States of “pay-as-you-throw” systems incentivising municipal waste producers to reduce, re-use and recycle their waste;
	1.7. green levies or advanced disposal fees to apply to products where extended producers´ responsibility programmes are not in place;
	1.8. measures to improve the cost efficiency of existing and forthcoming producer responsibility schemes;
	1.9. investment aid to projects promoting the application of waste hierarchy;
	1.10 extension of the scope of the producer responsibility schemes to new waste streams;
	1.11. deposit-return and other systems incentivising municipal waste producers and economic operators to reduce, re-use and recycle their waste;
	1.12. economic incentives for local authorities to promote prevention, develop and intensify separate collection schemes;
	1.13. measures to support the development of the re-use sectors;
	1.14. green public procurement criteria promoting the waste hierarchy;
	1.15. measures to phase out harmful subsidies not consistent with the waste hierarchy;
	1.16. incentives promoting the design and placement on the market of waste avoiding products, such as repairable goods.
	2. Other measures:
	2.1. specific bans for incineration of recyclable waste;
	2.2. market restrictions for single-use and non-recyclable products and packaging;
	2.3. technical and fiscal measures to support the development of markets for re-used products and recycled (including composted) materials as well as to improve the quality of recycled materials;
	2.4. measures including tax refunds and/or tax exemptions;
	2.5. measures to increase public awareness of proper waste management and litter reduction, including ad-hoc campaigns to ensure waste reduction at source and a high level of participation in the separate collection schemes;
	2.6. measures to ensure an appropriate coordination, including by digital means, between all competent public authorities involved in waste management, and the involvement of other key stakeholders;
	2.7. use of the European Structural and Investment Funds in order to finance the development of the waste management infrastructure needed to meet the relevant targets;
	2.8. use of the European Structural and Investment Funds in order to finance waste prevention, preparation for reuse and recycling;
	2.9. creation of communication platforms to foster exchange of best practices between industries, social partners, local authorities and also Member States;
	2.10. introduction of minimum recycled content in products;
	2.11. any relevant alternative or additional measures aiming at meeting the same purpose as any of those set out in points 2.1 to 2.10.’.

PROCEDURE – COMMITTEE ASKED FOR OPINION

Title	Directive amending Directive 1999/31/EC on the landfill of waste
References	COM(2015)0594 – C8-0384/2015 – 2015/0274(COD)
Committee responsible Date announced in plenary	ENVI 14.12.2015
Opinion by Date announced in plenary	ITRE 14.12.2015
Rapporteur Date appointed	Pavel Telička 28.1.2016
Discussed in committee	14.6.2016
Date adopted	13.10.2016
Result of final vote	+: –: 0:	52 10 0
Members present for the final vote	Nikolay Barekov, Nicolas Bay, Bendt Bendtsen, Xabier Benito Ziluaga, David Borrelli, Jerzy Buzek, Angelo Ciocca, Edward Czesak, Jakop Dalunde, Pilar del Castillo Vera, Fredrick Federley, Ashley Fox, Adam Gierek, Theresa Griffin, Roger Helmer, Hans-Olaf Henkel, Eva Kaili, Kaja Kallas, Barbara Kappel, Krišjānis Kariņš, Seán Kelly, Jaromír Kohlíček, Zdzisław Krasnodębski, Miapetra Kumpula-Natri, Janusz Lewandowski, Ernest Maragall, Edouard Martin, Angelika Mlinar, Nadine Morano, Dan Nica, Morten Helveg Petersen, Miroslav Poche, Carolina Punset, Herbert Reul, Paul Rübig, Algirdas Saudargas, Jean-Luc Schaffhauser, Sergei Stanishev, Neoklis Sylikiotis, Antonio Tajani, Dario Tamburrano, Patrizia Toia, Evžen Tošenovský, Claude Turmes, Vladimir Urutchev, Henna Virkkunen, Martina Werner, Lieve Wierinck, Anna Záborská, Flavio Zanonato, Carlos Zorrinho
Substitutes present for the final vote	Michał Boni, Rosa D’Amato, Esther de Lange, Francesc Gambús, Jens Geier, Benedek Jávor, Olle Ludvigsson, Vladimír Maňka, Marian-Jean Marinescu, Clare Moody, Maria Spyraki

PROCEDURE – COMMITTEE RESPONSIBLE

Title	Directive amending Directive 1999/31/EC on the landfill of waste
References	COM(2015)0594 – C8-0384/2015 – 2015/0274(COD)
Date submitted to Parliament	2.12.2015
Committee responsible Date announced in plenary	ENVI 14.12.2015
Committees asked for opinions Date announced in plenary	ITRE 14.12.2015
Rapporteurs Date appointed	Simona Bonafè 22.12.2015
Discussed in committee	15.6.2016	29.9.2016
Date adopted	24.1.2017
Result of final vote	+: –: 0:	58 7 0
Members present for the final vote	Marco Affronte, Pilar Ayuso, Ivo Belet, Simona Bonafè, Biljana Borzan, Paul Brannen, Soledad Cabezón Ruiz, Nessa Childers, Birgit Collin-Langen, Mireille D’Ornano, Miriam Dalli, Seb Dance, Angélique Delahaye, Mark Demesmaeker, Stefan Eck, José Inácio Faria, Karl-Heinz Florenz, Francesc Gambús, Elisabetta Gardini, Gerben-Jan Gerbrandy, Jens Gieseke, Julie Girling, Sylvie Goddyn, Françoise Grossetête, Jytte Guteland, György Hölvényi, Anneli Jäätteenmäki, Jean-François Jalkh, Benedek Jávor, Josu Juaristi Abaunz, Karin Kadenbach, Kateřina Konečná, Urszula Krupa, Giovanni La Via, Jo Leinen, Peter Liese, Norbert Lins, Susanne Melior, Massimo Paolucci, Gilles Pargneaux, Piernicola Pedicini, Bolesław G. Piecha, Julia Reid, Frédérique Ries, Michèle Rivasi, Daciana Octavia Sârbu, Annie Schreijer-Pierik, Davor Škrlec, Renate Sommer, Ivica Tolić, Estefanía Torres Martínez, Nils Torvalds, Adina-Ioana Vălean, Jadwiga Wiśniewska, Damiano Zoffoli
Substitutes present for the final vote	Fredrick Federley, Martin Häusling, James Nicholson, Younous Omarjee, Stanislav Polčák, Keith Taylor
Substitutes under Rule 200(2) present for the final vote	Nicola Caputo, Mary Honeyball, Monika Smolková, Helga Stevens
Date tabled	7.2.2017

Legal notice - Privacy policy