Rapport - A8-0365/2017Rapport
A8-0365/2017
Parlament Ewropew

RAPPORT dwar ir-Rapport Annwali dwar id-Drittijiet tal-Bniedem u d-Demokrazija fid-Dinja fl-2016 u l-politika tal-Unjoni Ewropea dwar il-kwistjoni

23.11.2017 - (2017/2122(INI))

Kumitat għall-Affarijiet Barranin
Rapporteur: Godelieve Quisthoudt-Rowohl


Proċedura : 2017/2122(INI)
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MOZZJONI GĦAL RIŻOLUZZJONI TAL-PARLAMENT EWROPEW

dwar ir-Rapport Annwali dwar id-Drittijiet tal-Bniedem u d-Demokrazija fid-Dinja fl-2016 u l-politika tal-Unjoni Ewropea dwar il-kwistjoni

(2017/2122(INI))

Il-Parlament Ewropew,

–  wara li kkunsidra d-Dikjarazzjoni Universali tad-Drittijiet tal-Bniedem u trattati u strumenti oħra tan-NU dwar id-drittijiet tal-bniedem,

–  wara li kkunsidra l-Konvenzjoni Ewropea dwar id-Drittijiet tal-Bniedem,

–  wara li kkunsidra l-Konvenzjoni dwar l-Eliminazzjoni ta' Kull Forma ta' Diskriminazzjoni kontra n-Nisa (CEDAW) tat-18 ta' Diċembru 1979[1],

–  wara li kkunsidra r-rakkomandazzjonijiet ġenerali nri 12, 19 u 35 tas-CEDAW dwar il-vjolenza kontra n-nisa, nru 26 dwar il-ħaddiema migranti nisa u nru 32 dwar id-dimensjonijiet relatati mal-ġeneru tal-istatus ta' rifuġjat, tal-asil, taċ-ċittadinanza u tal-apolidija tan-nisa,

–  wara li kkunsidra r-riżoluzzjoni 69/167 tal-Assemblea Ġenerali tan-Nazzjonijiet Uniti, tat-18 ta' Diċembru 2014[2], dwar il-protezzjoni u l-promozzjoni tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem u tal-libertajiet fundamentali tal-migranti kollha, ikun xi jkun l-istatus tagħhom,

–  wara li kkunsidra l-Konvenzjoni Internazzjonali dwar il-Ħarsien tad-Drittijiet tal-Ħaddiema Migranti Kollha u tal-Membri tal-Familji tagħhom tat-18 ta' Diċembru 1990[3],

–  wara li kkunsidra r-riżoluzzjonijiet 1325, 1820, 1888, 1889, 1960, 2106, 2122 u 2242 tal-Kunsill tas-Sigurtà tan-NU dwar in-nisa, il-paċi u s-sigurtà,

–  wara li kkunsidra l-Konvenzjoni tal-1951 u l-Protokoll tal-1967 dwar l-Istatus tar-Rifuġjati[4], kif ukoll il-Konvenzjonijiet tal-ILO nri 43 u 97,

–  wara li kkunsidra l-Prinċipji Gwida tan-NU dwar in-Negozju u d-Drittijiet tal-Bniedem[5],

–  wara li kkunsidra d-Dikjarazzjoni ta' New York għar-Rifuġjati u l-Migranti, adottata mill-Assemblea Ġenerali tan-NU fid-19 ta' Settembru 2016[6],

–  wara li kkunsidra is-17-il Għan ta' Żvilupp Sostenibbli (SDGs) tan-NU u l-Aġenda 2030 għall-Iżvilupp Sostenibbli li jimmiraw li jiżguraw il-paċi u l-prosperità għall-popli u għall-pjaneta[7],

–  wara li kkunsidra l-Konvenzjoni tal-Kunsill tal-Ewropa dwar il-Prevenzjoni u l-Ġlieda Kontra l-Vjolenza fuq in-Nisa u l-Vjolenza Domestika (Konvenzjoni ta' Istanbul) tat-12 ta' April 2011, li l-UE ffirmat fit-13 ta' Ġunju 2017[8],

–  wara li kkunsidra l-Linji Gwida tal-OECD għall-Impriżi Multinazzjonali, adottati fl-1976 u riveduti fl-2011[9],

–  wara li kkunsidra l-Karta tad-Drittijiet Fundamentali tal-Unjoni Ewropea,

–  wara li kkunsidra l-Artikoli 2, 3, 8, 21 u 23 tat-Trattat dwar l-Unjoni Ewropea (TUE),

–  wara li kkunsidra l-Artikolu 207 tat-Trattat dwar il-Funzjonament tal-Unjoni Ewropea (TFUE),

–  wara li kkunsidra l-Qafas Strateġiku u l-Pjan ta' Azzjoni tal-UE dwar id-Drittijiet tal-Bniedem u d-Demokrazija adottati mill-Kunsill fil-25 ta' Ġunju 2012[10],

–  wara li kkunsidra l-Pjan ta' Azzjoni dwar id-Drittijiet tal-Bniedem u d-Demokrazija 2015-2019, adottat mill-Kunsill fl-20 ta' Lulju 2015[11],

–  wara li kkunsidra d-dokument ta' ħidma konġunt tal-persunal bit-titolu "Pjan ta' Azzjoni tal-UE dwar id-Drittijiet tal-Bniedem u d-Demokrazija (2015-2019): Rieżami ta' Nofs it-Terminu Ġunju 2017"[12],

–  wara li kkunsidra d-dokument ta' ħidma konġunt tal-persunal bit-titolu "L-Ugwaljanza bejn is-Sessi u l-Emanċipazzjoni tan-Nisa: it-Trasformazzjoni tal-Ħajjiet ta' Bniet u Nisa permezz tar-Relazzjonijiet Esterni tal-UE 2016-2020", adottat fl-2015[13],

–  wara li kkunsidra l-Istrateġija Globali għall-Politika Estera u ta' Sigurtà tal-Unjoni Ewropea ppreżentata mill-Viċi President tal-Kummissjoni / Rappreżentant Għoli tal-Unjoni għall-Affarijiet Barranin u l-Politika ta' Sigurtà (VP/RGħ), Federica Mogherini, fit-28 ta' Ġunju 2016[14], kif ukoll l-ewwel rapport dwar l-implimentazzjoni ta' din l-Istrateġija Globali bit-titolu "Minn Viżjoni Kondiviża għal Azzjoni Komuni: l-implimentazzjoni tal-Istrateġija Globali", ippubblikat fl-2017[15],

–  wara li kkunsidra d-Deċiżjoni tal-Kunsill 2011/168/PESK tal-21 ta' Marzu 2011 dwar il-Qorti Kriminali Internazzjonali u li tħassar il-Pożizzjoni Komuni 2003/444/PESK[16],

–  wara li kkunsidra l-Aġenda Ewropea dwar il-Migrazzjoni tat-13 ta' Mejju 2015[17] u l-komunikazzjoni tal-Kummissjoni dwar it-twaqqif ta' Qafas ta' Sħubija ġdid ma' pajjiżi terzi skont l-Aġenda Ewropea dwar il-Migrazzjoni, tas-7 ta' Ġunju 2016 (COM/2016/0385)[18],

–  wara li kkunsidra l-Linji Gwida tal-UE għall-Promozzjoni u l-Protezzjoni tad-Drittijiet tat-Tfal, adottati fl-2007 u riveduti fl-2017[19],

–  wara li kkunsidra d-Dikjaranzzjoni Konġunta tal-Kunsill u tar-rappreżentanti tal-gvernijiet tal-Istati Membri mlaqqgħin fi ħdan il-Kunsill, tal-Parlament Ewropew u tal-Kummissjoni bit-titolu "Il-Kunsens Ewropew Ġdid għall-Iżvilupp: "id-Dinja tagħna, id-Dinjità tagħna, il-Futur tagħna,"[20], adottata mill-Kunsill, mill-Parlament u mill-Kummissjoni fis-7 ta' Ġunju 2017,

–  wara li kkunsidra l-Linji Gwida tal-UE dwar id-Drittijiet tal-Bniedem dwar il-Libertà tal-Espressjoni Online u Offline, adottati fl-2014[21],

–  wara li kkunsidra l-protezzjoni tal-libertà tal-esprezzjoni offline u online li jagħtu l-Artikolu 19 tad-Dikjarazzjoni Universali tad-Drittijiet tal-Bniedem, l-Artikolu 19 tal-Patt Internazzjonali dwar id-Drittijiet Ċivili u Politiċi, l-Artikolu 10 tal-Konvenzjoni Ewropea dwar id-Drittijiet tal-Bniedem u l-Artikolu 10 tal-Karta tad-Drittijiet Fundamentali tal-Unjoni Ewropea,

–  wara li kkunsidra l-Linji Gwida tal-UE dwar il-promozzjoni u l-protezzjoni tal-libertà ta' reliġjon jew ta' twemmin, adottati fl-2013[22],

–  wara li kkunsidra l-protezzjoni internazzjonali tal-libertà ta' reliġjon jew ta' twemmin li jagħtu l-Artikolu 18 tad-Dikjarazzjoni Universali tad-Drittijiet tal-Bniedem, l-Artikolu 18 tal-Patt Internazzjonali dwar id-Drittijiet Ċivili u Politiċi u tad-Dikjarazzjoni dwar l-Eliminazzjoni tal-Forom Kollha ta' Intolleranza u ta' Diskriminazzjoni abbażi tar-Reliġjon jew tat-Twemmin, l-Artikolu 9 tal-Konvenzjoni Ewropea dwar id-Drittijiet tal-Bniedem u l-Artikolu 10 tal-Karta tad-Drittijiet Fundamentali tal-Unjoni Ewropea,

–  wara li kkunsidra l-konklużjonijiet tal-Kunsill dwar l-intolleranza, id-diskriminazzjoni u l-vjolenza abbażi tar-reliġjon jew twemmin, adottati fil-21 ta' Frar 2011[23],

–  wara li kkunsidra l-Linji Gwida tal-UE dwar il-Piena tal-Mewt, adottati fl-2013[24],

–  wara li kkunsidra l-Linji gwida għall-Politika tal-UE lejn pajjiżi terzi dwar it-tortura u t-trattament jew pieni krudili, inumani jew degradanti oħra, adottati fl-2001 u riveduti fl-2012[25],

–  wara li kkunsidra l-Protokoll għall-Prevenzjoni, Soppressjoni u Punizzjoni tat-Traffikar ta' Persuni, speċjalment ta' Nisa u Tfal, li jissupplementa l-Konvenzjoni tan-Nazzjonijiet Uniti Kontra l-Kriminalità Organizzata Transnazzjonali[26], u l-Konvenzjoni tal-Kunsill tal-Ewropa dwar il-Ġlieda kontra t-Traffikar tal-Bnedmin;

–  wara li kkunsidra l-Linji Gwida għall-promozzjoni u l-protezzjoni tat-tgawdija tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem kollha mill-persuni leżbjani, gay, bisesswali, transġeneru u intersesswali (LGBTI), adottati fl-2013[27],

–  wara li kkunsidra l-Linji Gwida tal-UE dwar id-djalogi dwar id-drittijiet tal-bniedem mal-pajjiżi terzi, adottati fl-2001 u riveduti fl-2009[28],

–  wara li kkunsidra l-Linji Gwida tal-UE dwar il-Promozzjoni ta' Konformità mad-Dritt Umanitarju Internazzjonali, adottati fl-2005 u riveduti fl-2009[29],

–  wara li kkunsidra l-Linji Gwida tal-UE dwar il-vjolenza fuq in-nisa u l-ġlieda kontra l-forom kollha ta' diskriminazzjoni kontrihom, adottati fl-2008[30],

–  wara li kkunsidra l-Linji Gwida tal-UE dwar it-tfal u l-konflitti armati, adottati fl-2003 u riveduti fl-2008[31],

–  wara li kkunsidra r-Regolament (UE) 2017/821 tal-Parlament Ewropew u tal-Kunsill tas-17 ta' Mejju 2017 li jistabbilixxi obbligi tad-diliġenza dovuta tal-katina tal-provvista għall-importaturi tal-Unjoni ta' landa, tantalu u tungstenu, il-minerali tagħhom, u deheb li joriġinaw minn żoni affettwati minn kunflitti u ta' riskju għoli[32],

–  wara li kkunsidra l-Linji Gwida tal-UE dwar id-Difensuri tad-Drittijiet tal-Bniedem, adottati fl-2005 u riveduti fl-2008[33],

–  wara li kkunsidra r-Rapport Annwali tal-UE dwar id-Drittijiet tal-Bniedem u d-Demokrazija fid-Dinja fl-2015[34],

–  wara li kkunsidra r-riżoluzzjoni tiegħu tat-13 ta' Settembru 2017 dwar l-esportazzjoni tal-armi: implimentazzjoni tal-Pożizzjoni Komuni 2008/944/PESK[35],

–  wara li kkunsidra r-riżoluzzjoni tiegħu tal-14 ta' Diċembru 2016 dwar ir-rapport annwali dwar id-drittijiet tal-bniedem u d-demokrazija fid-dinja u l-politika tal-Unjoni Ewropea dwar il-kwistjoni 2015[36], u r-riżoluzzjonijiet preċedenti dwar is-suġġett,

–  wara li kkunsidra r-riżoluzzjoni tiegħu tal-25 ta' Ottubru 2016 dwar id-drittijiet tal-bniedem u l-migrazzjoni f'pajjiżi terzi[37],

–  wara li kkunsidra r-riżoluzzjoni tiegħu tal-25 ta' Ottubru 2016 dwar ir-responsabbiltà tal-kumpaniji għal abbużi serji tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem f'pajjiżi terzi[38],

–  wara li kkunsidra r-riżoluzzjoni tiegħu tal-5 ta' Lulju 2016 dwar il-ġlieda kontra t-traffikar tal-bnedmin fir-relazzjonijiet esterni tal-UE[39],

–  wara li kkunsidra r-riżoluzzjoni tiegħu tal-21 ta' Jannar 2016 dwar il-prijoritajiet tal-UE għas-sessjonijiet tal-UNHRC fl-2016[40],

–  wara li kkunsidra r-riżoluzzjoni tiegħu tal-25 ta' Frar 2016 dwar is-sitwazzjoni umanitarja fil-Jemen[41], li tistieden lill-VP/RGħ tniedi inizjattiva bil-għan li timponi embargo fuq l-armi tal-UE kontra l-Arabja Sawdija,

–  wara li kkunsidra r-riżoluzzjonijiet ta' urġenza tiegħu dwar każi ta' ksur tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem, tad-demokrazija u tal-istat tad-dritt,

–  wara li kkunsidra l-Premju Sakharov tiegħu għal-Libertà tal-Ħsieb, li fl-2016 ingħata lil Nadia Murad u lil Lamiya Aji Bashar,

–  wara li kkunsidra r-riżoluzzjoni tiegħu tal-10 ta' Ottubru 2013 dwar id-diskriminazzjoni bbażata fuq il-kasta[42], ir-rapport tar-Rapporteur Speċjali dwar il-Kwistjonijiet tal-Minoranzi tat-28 ta' Jannar 2016 dwar il-minoranzi u d-diskriminazzjoni bbażata fuq il-kasta u s-sistemi analogi tal-istatus inerenti[43], u l-Istrument ta' Gwida tan-NU dwar id-diskriminazzjoni bbażata fuq id-dixxendenza,

–  wara li kkunsidra r-riżoluzzjoni tiegħu tas-17 ta' Novembru 2011 dwar appoġġ tal-UE għall-QKI: naffaċċjaw l-isfidi u negħlbu d-diffikultajiet[44],

–  wara li kkunsidra l-Artikolu 52 tar-Regoli ta' Proċedura tiegħu,

–  wara li kkunsidra r-rapport tal-Kumitat għall-Affarijiet Barranin u l-opinjoni tal-Kumitat għad-Drittijiet tan-Nisa u l-Ugwaljanza bejn is-Sessi (A8-0365/2017),

A.  billi l-Artikolu 21 tat-TUE jimpenja lill-Unjoni Ewropea fil-konfront ta' politika estera u ta' sigurtà komuni (PESK) iggwidata mill-prinċipji li ispiraw il-ħolqien tagħha stess, u li hija se taħdem biex tmexxi 'l quddiem fid-dinja: id-demokrazija, l-Istat tad-dritt, l-universalità u l-indiviżibbiltà tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem u l-libertajiet fundamentali, ir-rispett għad-dinjità tal-bniedem, il-prinċipji tal-ugwaljanza u s-solidarjetà, u r-rispett għall-prinċipji tal-Karta tan-Nazzjonijiet Uniti, tal-Karta tad-Drittijiet Fundamentali tal-Unjoni Ewropea u tad-dritt internazzjonali; billi l-Unjoni ser taderixxi għall-Konvenzjoni Ewropea dwar id-Drittijiet tal-Bniedem;

B.  billi l-abbużi tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem u l-libertajiet fundamentali, inklużi d-delitti kontra l-umanità, id-delitti tal-gwerra u l-ġenoċidju, li jseħħu fid-dinja llum jeżiġu sforzi determinati min-naħa tal-komunità internazzjonali kollha;

C.  billi r-rispett, il-promozzjoni, l-indiviżibbiltà u s-salvagwardja tal-universalità tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem huma pedamenti tal-PESK; billi fil-qafas tar-rwol tiegħu ta' skrutinju fuq il-PESK, il-Parlament għandu d-dritt li jinżamm infurmat u kkonsultat dwar l-aspetti ewlenin u l-għażliet bażiċi tagħha (Artikolu 36 tat-TUE);

D.  billi l-Istrateġija Globali għall-Politika Estera u ta' Sigurtà tal-Unjoni Ewropea, adottata mill-Kunsill f'Ġunju 2016, issostni li d-drittijiet tal-bniedem iridu jiġu integrati b'mod sistematiku fis-setturi ta' politika u l-istituzzjonijiet kollha, fosthom il-kummerċ internazzjonali u l-politika kummerċjali;

E.  billi ż-żieda fil-koerenza bejn il-politika interna u dik esterna tal-UE kif ukoll fost il-politiki esterni nnifishom tal-UE hija rekwiżit fundamentali għal politika effikaċi u ta' suċċess tal-UE fil-qasam tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem; billi l-konsistenza mtejba għandha tippermetti lill-UE tirrispondi aktar malajr fil-fażijiet bikrin tal-ksur tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem u, f'ċerti każi, tipprevedi u tipprevjeni li jiġi kommess, inkluż fil-qasam tal-kummerċ internazzjonali u tal-politika kummerċjali;

F.  billi l-impenn tal-UE favur multilateraliżmu effikaċi, bin-NU fil-qalba tiegħu, huwa parti integrali mill-politika esterna tal-Unjoni u huwa bbażat fuq il-konvinzjoni li sistema multilaterali bbażata fuq regoli u valuri universali hija l-aktar adatta biex jiġu indirizzati kriżijiet, sfidi u theddid globali;

G.  billi l-Artikolu 207 tat-TFUE jiddisponi li l-politika kummerċjali tal-UE għandha tissejjes fuq il-prinċipji u l-objettivi tal-azzjoni esterna tal-Unjoni; billi li l-kummerċ u d-drittijiet tal-bniedem jistgħu jħallu impatt fuq xulxin fil-pajjiżi terzi, u billi f'sistema ta' responsabbiltà tal-persuni ġuridiċi, kif qiegħed jiġi diskuss fi ħdan in-NU, u ta' ktajjen ta' valur mondjali, il-komunità kummerċjali għandha rwol importanti xi twettaq biex toffri inċentivi pożittivi f'termini ta' promozzjoni tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem, id-demokrazija u r-responsabbiltà tal-kumpaniji; billi l-governanza tajba u l-awtoritajiet pubbliċi li jaġixxu fl-interess ġenerali jiżvolġu rwol importanti fl-imġiba kummerċjali; billi l-UE qiegħda tipparteċipa fl-isforzi ħalli jkun abbozzat trattat vinkolanti dwar in-negozju u d-drittijiet tal-bniedem;

H.  billi l-protezzjoni tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem tal-gruppi l-aktar vulnerabbli, bħal minoranzi etniċi, lingwistiċi u reliġjużi, il-persuni b'diżabilità, il-persuni LGBTI, in-nisa, it-tfal, il-persuni li jfittxu asil u l-migranti, ħaqqha attenzjoni speċjali;

I.  billi n-nisa u t-tfal iħabbtu wiċċhom ma' theddid, diskriminazzjoni u vjolenza, partikolarment fiż-żoni tal-gwerra u taħt reġimi awtoritarji; billi l-ugwaljanza bejn is-sessi tħaddan il-valuri fundamentali Ewropej u hija minquxa fil-qafas ġuridiku u politiku tal-UE; billi l-vjolenza u d-diskriminazzjoni kontra n-nisa u l-bniet żdiedu f'dawn l-aħħar snin;

J.  billi l-Istati għandhom ir-responsabbiltà aħħarija li jissalvagwardjaw id-drittijiet kollha tal-bniedem permezz tal-adozzjoni u tal-implimentazzjoni ta' trattati u konvenzjonijiet internazzjonali tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem, il-monitoraġġ tal-ksur tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem u l-garanzija ta' rimedju effettiv għall-vittmi;

K.  billi l-atturi statali u mhux statali qegħdin dejjem aktar jikkommettu ksur tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem li jikkostitwixxu delitti tal-gwerra u delitti kontra l-umanità, inklużi ġenoċidji;

L.  billi l-libertà tal-ħsieb, tal-kuxjenza u tar-reliġjon, inkluża l-libertà li dak li jkun jemmen jew ma jemminx u li jipprattika jew li ma jipprattikax ir-reliġjon li jagħżel, u li jħaddan, jabbanduna jew ibiddel reliġjon, trid tkun garantita fid-dinja kollha kemm hi u miżmuma mingħajr kundizzjonijiet, partikolarment bis-saħħa tad-djalogu interreliġjuż u interkulturali; billi l-adozzjoni ta' liġijiet li jipprojbixxu l-blasfemija hija prattika mifruxa, inkwantu l-Istati jistabbilixxu s-sanzjonijiet li jvarjaw minn sentenzi ta' priġunerija, swat bil-frosta għall-pieni tal-mewt;

M.  billi l-libertà tal-opinjoni u tal-espressjoni, il-libertà tal-għaqda u tal-assoċjazzjoni, u t-twettiq ta' proċessi elettorali regolari, trasparenti u awtentiċi huma elementi essenzjali tad-demokrazija; billi fis-soċjetajiet fraġli, suxxettibbli għal kunflitt jew oppressivi, l-elezzjonijiet jistgħu xi kultant jikkawżaw vjolenza mifruxa;

N.  billi l-involviment f'diskussjoni ma' pajjiżi terzi fil-fora bilaterali u multilaterali kollha, pereżempju matul id-djalogi dwar id-drittijiet tal-bniedem, huwa wieħed mill-aktar strumenti effikaċi għall-indirizzar ta' tħassib marbut mad-drittijiet tal-bniedem;

O.  billi jridu jsiru disponibbli riżorsi adegwati u jintużaw bl-aktar mod effiċjenti sabiex tittejjeb il-promozzjoni tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem u tad-demokrazija fil-pajjiżi terzi;

P.  billi l-aċċess għall-ilma u għas-sanità huwa dritt tal-bniedem fundamentali u r-restrizzjonijiet ta' dan l-aċċess huma waħda mill-kawżi tat-tensjoni ġeopolitika f'ċerti reġjuni;

Q.  billi s-siti ta' patrimonju kulturali qegħdin dejjem iktar jgħaddu minn theddid fil-forma ta' sakkeġġi u vandaliżmu illeċiti, speċjalment fil-Lvant Nofsani;

R.  billi l-edukazzjoni għandha rwol kruċjali x'tiżvolġi fil-prevenzjoni tal-ksur tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem u tal-kunflitti u tgħin biex iżżid il-parteċipazzjoni taċ-ċittadini fil-proċessi tat-teħid tad-deċiżjonijiet fi ħdan is-sistemi demokratiċi; billi l-istituti tal-edukazzjoni li jippromwovu d-drittijiet tal-bniedem, ir-rispett u d-diversità għandhom ikunu sostnuti mill-Istati; billi l-kanali ta' komunikazzjoni, li n-numru tagħhom żdied, jirrappreżentaw strument importanti li permezz tiegħu jiġu kkomunikati malajr l-abbużi tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem, u jilħqu numru konsiderevoli ta' vittmi jew vittmi potenzjali tal-ksur tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem fil-pajjiżi terzi, b'hekk jingħataw kemm informazzjoni kif ukoll assistenza; billi l-ġbir ta' data diżaggregata huwa essenzjali għall-ħarsien tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem, partikolarment dawk tal-gruppi l-aktar vulnerabbli, il-gruppi emarġinati u l-gruppi f'riskju ta' emarġinazzjoni; billi l-użu ta' indikaturi adegwati huwa wkoll mod effikaċi ta' valutazzjoni tal-progress min-naħa tal-Istati li jonoraw l-obbligi tagħhom skont it-trattati internazzjonali;

Kunsiderazzjonijiet ġenerali

1.  Jesprimi tħassib serju dwar ir-repressjoni fil-konfront tad-demokrazija, tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem u tal-istat tad-dritt, li għadhom mhedda fuq livell dinji; ifakkar li l-UE impenjat ruħha li tippromwovi l-universalità u l-indiviżibbiltà tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem u tal-libertajiet u tal-valuri fundamentali, kif ukoll li tmexxi 'l quddiem lill-prinċipji demokratiċi, li jridu jissaħħu fuq skala dinjija;

2.  Itenni l-konvinzjoni qawwija tiegħu li l-UE u l-Istati Membri tagħha għandhom ikomplu jżommu mal-prinċipju tal-integrazzjoni tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem u tad-demokrazija b'mod attiv, billi huma prinċipji fundamentali li jsaħħu lil xulxin fil-qalba tal-UE, fil-politiki kollha tal-UE, fosthom dawk b'dimensjoni esterna, bħal fl-oqsma tal-iżvilupp, tal-migrazzjoni, tas-sigurtà, tal-ġlieda kontra t-terroriżmu, tat-tkabbir tal-Unjoni u tal-kummerċ; itenni, f'dan ir-rigward, l-importanza kruċjali tal-iżgurar ta' aktar koerenza bejn il-politiki interni u dawk esterni tal-UE, u koordinament akbar bejn il-politiki esterni tal-Istati Membri; jisħaq fuq il-fatt li l-kumplessità dejjem akbar tal-kunflitti fid-dinja kollha teżiġi approċċ u kooperazzjoni internazzjonali integrati, magħqudin u vigorużi; ifakkar li l-objettiv tal-UE li żżid l-influwenza internazzjonali tagħha bħala attur internazzjonali kredibbli u leġittimu jissawwar fil-biċċa l-kbira tiegħu mill-kapaċità tagħha li tippromwovi d-drittijiet tal-bniedem u d-demokrazija f'ambitu intern u f'dak estern, konformement mal-impenji stabbiliti fit-trattati fundaturi tagħha;

3.  Jenfasizza l-importanza ta' kooperazzjoni msaħħa bejn il-Kummissjoni, il-Kunsill, is-Servizz Ewropew għall-Azzjoni Esterna (SEAE), il-Parlament u d-delegazzjonijiet tal-UE bil-għan li tiġi promossa u żgurata vuċi konsistenti u magħquda favur id-drittijiet tal-bniedem u l-prinċipji demokratiċi; jissottolinja, barra minn hekk, l-importanza ta' impenn qawwi favur il-promozzjoni ta' dawn il-valuri fil-fora multilaterali, inkluż permezz ta' koordinament tempestiv fil-livell tal-UE kif ukoll approċċ attiv matul in-negozjati; jinkoraġġixxi lill-UE, f'dan il-kuntest, tagħti bidu u tkun sponsor konġunt ta' riżoluzzjonijiet kif ukoll tintensifika l-implimentazzjoni ta' inizjattivi transreġjonali fil-qafas tal-mekkaniżmi tan-NU fil-qasam tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem;

4.  Jilqa' b'sodisfazzjon il-fatt li fl-2016, kien hemm dibattitu regolari fis-sessjonijiet plenarji tiegħu dwar l-istat tad-dritt, il-prinċipji demokratiċi u l-ksur tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem, li kienu s-suġġett ta' diversi riżoluzzjonijiet parlamentari u tqajmu fil-laqgħat tal-kumitati u d-delegazzjonijiet interparlamentari;

5.  Jenfasizza l-ħidma tas-Sottokumitat tiegħu għad-Drittijiet tal-Bniedem (DROI), li jżomm relazzjonijiet ta' ħidma mill-qrib mas-SEAE, ma' istituzzjonijiet oħra tal-UE, mas-soċjetà ċivili, mal-istituzzjonijiet multilaterali dwar id-drittijiet tal-bniedem u mar-Rappreżentant Speċjali tal-UE (RSUE) għad-Drittijiet tal-Bniedem;

6.  Ifakkar li, fl-2016, il-Kumitat DROI fassal tliet rapporti, konkretament dwar id-drittijiet tal-bniedem u l-migrazzjoni f'pajjiżi terzi, ir-responsabbiltà tal-kumpaniji għal abbużi serji tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem f'pajjiżi terzi, u l-ġlieda kontra t-traffikar tal-bnedmin fir-relazzjonijiet esterni tal-UE; jistieden lill-Kummissjoni tieħu azzjoni konkreta b'segwitu għal dawn ir-rapporti fuq inizjattiva tal-Parlament;

7.  Josserva li, fl-2016, bosta missjonijiet tal-Kumitat DROI siefru f'pajjiżi differenti bil-għan li jiġbru informazzjoni u jaqsmuha mal-atturi governattivi u mhux governattivi lokali impenjati fil-qasam tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem, jippreżentaw il-pożizzjoni tal-Parlament u jinkoraġġixxu t-titjib tal-protezzjoni tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem u tar-rispett tagħhom;

Nindirizzaw l-isfidi tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem

8.  Jesprimi tħassib serju dwar l-għadd dejjem jiżdied ta' attakki kontra minoranzi reliġjużi, li ta' spiss isiru minn atturi mhux statali bħall-ISIS/Daesh; jiddeplora l-fatt li bosta pajjiżi għandhom u japplikaw liġijiet kontra l-konverżjoni u l-blasfemija, li jillimitaw effettivament, jew saħansitra jċaħħdu, il-libertà tar-reliġjon jew tat-twemmin u l-libertà tal-espressjoni tal-minoranzi reliġjużi u tal-atei; jitlob miżuri maħsuba biex iħarsu lill-minoranzi reliġjużi, lil dawk li ma jemmnux u lill-atei, li jisfaw vittmi tal-liġijiet kontra l-blasfemija u jistieden lill-UE u lill-Istati Membri jidħlu f'diskussjonijiet politiċi bil-għan li dawn il-liġijiet jiġu revokati; jistieden lill-UE u l-Istati Membri tagħha jżidu l-isforzi tagħhom biex itejbu r-rispett tal-libertà tal-ħsieb, tal-kuxjenza, tar-reliġjon u tat-twemmin u jippromwovu d-djalogu interreliġjuż u interkulturali fl-impenn tagħhom mal-pajjiżi terzi; jitlob li tittieħed azzjoni konkreta għall-implimentazzjoni effikaċi tal-Linji Gwida tal-UE dwar il-promozzjoni u l-protezzjoni tal-libertà tar-reliġjon jew tat-twemmin, inkluż billi jiġi żgurat taħriġ sistematiku u konsistenti tal-persunal tal-UE fis-sede ċentrali u fid-delegazzjonijiet; jappoġġa bis-sħiħ il-prattika tal-UE li tieħu l-inizjattiva fejn jidħlu riżoluzzjonijiet tematiċi dwar il-libertà tar-reliġjon u tat-twemmin fil-Kunsill tad-Drittijiet tal-Bniedem (UNHRC) u fl-Assemblea Ġenerali tan-Nazzjonijiet Uniti; jappoġġa bis-sħiħ il-ħidma tal-Mibgħut Speċjali tal-UE għall-Promozzjoni tal-Libertà tar-Reliġjon jew tat-Twemmin barra mill-UE, is-Sur Ján Figel;

9.  Itenni l-fatt li l-libertà tal-espressjoni, online u offline, hija komponent vitali ta' kwalunkwe soċjetà demokratika, billi trawwem kultura ta' pluraliżmu li tagħti s-setgħa lis-soċjetà ċivili u liċ-ċittadini li jżommu responsabbli lill-gvernijiet tagħhom u lil dawk li jieħdu d-deċiżjonijiet għal għemilhom, u tappoġġa r-rispett tal-istat tad-dritt; jenfasizza li r-restrizzjoni tal-libertà tal-espressjoni online jew offline, pereżempju permezz tat-tneħħija ta' kontenut online, għandha ssir biss f'ċirkostanzi eċċezzjonali, meta preskritti mil-liġi u ġustifikati biex jintlaħaq għan leġittimu; jenfasizza, għaldaqstant, li l-UE għandha tintensifika l-isforzi tagħha biex tippromwovi l-libertà tal-espressjoni permezz tal-politiki u tal-istrumenti esterni tagħha; itenni t-talba tiegħu lill-UE u lill-Istati Membri tagħha biex itejbu l-monitoraġġ tagħhom ta' kull tip ta' restrizzjoni tal-libertà tal-espressjoni u tal-midja f'pajjiżi terzi, jikkundannaw malajr u sistematikament tali restrizzjonijiet u jużaw il-mezzi u l-istrumenti diplomatiċi kollha għad-dispożizzjoni tagħhom biex jeliminaw tali restrizzjonijiet; jenfasizza l-importanza li tiġi żgurata implimentazzjoni effikaċi tal-Linji Gwida tal-UE dwar il-Libertà tal-Espressjoni Online u Offline u li jsir monitoraġġ regolari tal-impatt tagħhom; jikkundanna l-mewt u l-inkarċerazzjoni ta' ħafna ġurnalisti u bloggers fl-2016 u jistieden lill-UE tagħtihom protezzjoni effettiva; jilqa' b'sodisfazzjon l-Istrument Ewropew il-ġdid għad-Demokrazija u għad-Drittijiet tal-Bniedem (EIDHR), li tnieda fl-2016, bl-għan speċifiku tiegħu jkun fuq l-għoti ta' taħriġ lid-delegazzjonijiet tal-UE u lill-operaturi tal-midja fil-pajjiżi terzi dwar l-applikazzjoni tal-Linji Gwida; jisħaq fuq l-importanza li jiġu żvelati u kkundannati d-diskors ta' mibegħda u l-inċitamenti għall-vjolenza, kemm fl-Internet kif ukoll fi bnadi oħra, billi jikkostitwixxu theddida għall-istat tad-dritt u għall-valuri rrappreżentati mid-drittijiet tal-bniedem;

10.  Jinsab ferm inkwetat bil-fatt li s-soċjetà ċivili, inklużi l-organizzazzjoni konfessjonali, qiegħda dejjem aktar tkun taħt attakk fid-dinja kollha, fost oħrajn, minn għadd dejjem akbar ta' liġijiet repressivi adottati mad-dinja kollha, f'ċerti każi bil-pretest tal-ġlieda kontra t-terroriżmu; jissottolinja li t-tiċkin tal-ispazju tas-soċjetà ċivili huwa fenomenu globali; ifakkar li soċjetà ċivili indipendenti tiżvolġi rwol essenzjali fid-difiża u fil-progress tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem u fil-funzjonament tas-soċjetajiet demokratiċi, primarjament bis-saħħa tal-promozzjoni tat-trasparenza, tal-obbligu ta' rendikont u tas-separazzjoni tal-poteri; jistieden lill-UE u l-Istati Membri tagħha jimmonitorjaw b'mod kostanti u jqajmu każi ta' ksur tal-libertà tal-għaqda u tal-assoċjazzjoni, inkluż permezz ta' forom differenti ta' projbizzjonijiet u limitazzjonijiet tal-organizzazzjonijiet tas-soċjetà ċivili (OSĊ) u l-attivitajiet tagħhom, pereżempju liġijiet li t-tir tagħhom ikunu li jċekknu l-ispazju tas-soċjetà ċivili jew il-promozzjoni tal-NGOs sponsorjati mill-gvernijiet awtoritarji (organizzazzjonijiet mhux governattivi kkontrollati mill-Istat (GONGOs)); jistieden ukoll lill-UE, lill-Istati Membri tagħha u lid-delegazzjonijiet tal-UE jużaw il-mezzi disponibbli kollha, bħad-djalogi dwar id-drittijiet tal-bniedem, id-djalogi politiċi u d-diplomazija pubblika, biex iqajmu b'mod sistematiku każijiet individwali ta' difensuri tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem (DDB) u ta' attivisti tas-soċjetà ċivili f'riskju, b'mod partikolari dawk f'detenzjoni jew fil-ħabs minħabba raġunijiet arbitrarji u/jew minħabba l-fehmiet politiċi jew l-impenn soċjali tagħhom, u jiddenunzjaw b'mod inekwivoku r-repressjoni, il-vessazzjonijiet u l-qtil tad-DDB, anki dawk attivi fl-isfera ambjentali; jitlob it-twaqqif ta' sistema ta' monitoraġġ effikaċi tal-ispazju tas-soċjetà ċivili, b'parametri ta' riferiment u b'indikaturi ċari biex ikun żgurat kuntest ġuridiku favorevoli u propizju għas-soċjetà ċivili;

11.  Iħeġġeġ lill-persunal diplomatiku tad-delegazzjonijiet tal-UE u tal-Istati Membri jkomplu jappoġġaw b'mod attiv lid-DDB billi jimmonitorjaw b'mod sistematiku l-proċessi, iżuru lil attivisti miżmuma l-ħabs u joħorġu dikjarazzjonijiet dwar każijiet individwali, meta jkun xieraq; jenfasizza l-importanza tal-istrumenti tad-diplomazija tas-silenzju f'dan ir-rigward; jilqa' b'sodisfazzjon il-fatt li fl-2016, l-UE qajmet każijiet ta' DDB fi djalogi u konsultazzjonijiet fil-livell tal-UE ma' aktar minn 50 pajjiż; jenfasizza l-fatt li fl-2016, il-Fond ta' Emerġenza tal-EIDHR appoġġa aktar minn 250 DDB fil-livell tal-UE – ċifra li tirrappreżenta żieda ta' 30 % meta mqabbla mal-2015; japprezza l-ħolqien u s-suċċess ta' "ProtectDefenders.eu", mekkaniżmu tal-UE għad-Difensuri tad-Drittijiet tal-Bniedem implimentat mis-soċjetà ċivili, li ta sostenn kruċjali lil bosta DDB; iħeġġeġ lill-Kummissjoni tiggarantixxi t-tkomplija tal-programm wara Ottubru 2018 u żżid il-kapaċitajiet tiegħu ħalli jagħti aktar sostenn lid-DDB fid-dinja kollha;

12.  Iqis li huwa ta' dispjaċir kbir li t-tortura, it-trattament inuman jew degradanti u l-piena tal-mewt jibqgħu jippersistu f'ħafna pajjiżi tad-dinja kollha u jistieden lill-UE tintensifika l-isforzi tagħha biex teqridhom; jilqa' favorevolment, f'dan ir-rigward, ir-reviżjoni tal-leġiżlazzjoni tal-UE dwar il-kummerċ ta' ċerti oġġetti li jistgħu jintużaw għall-piena kapitali, għat-tortura jew għal trattament jew piena oħrajn li jkunu krudili, inumani jew degradanti; iħeġġeġ lis-SEAE u lill-VP/RGħ jinvolvu ruħhom b'aktar qawwa fil-ġlieda kontra t-tortura u trattament jew pieni oħra krudili, inumani u degradanti, inkluża l-piena tal-mewt, permezz ta' aktar sforzi diplomatiċi u teħid ta' pożizzjonijiet pubbliċi b'mod aktar sistematiku; jevidenzja, f'dan ir-rigward, il-kundizzjonijiet inkwetanti ta' inkarċerazzjoni f'ċerti ħabsijiet, fosthom in-nuqqas ta' kura tal-kundizzjonijiet tas-saħħa u jirrakkomanda li s-SEAE, lid-delegazzjonijiet tal-UE u lill-Istati Membri jisfruttaw sal-massimu l-istrumenti kollha eżistenti, ngħidu aħna l-Linji Gwida tal-UE dwar it-Tortura; jilqa' b'sodisfazzjon il-fatt li r-riżoluzzjoni tan-NU dwar moratorju fuq l-użu tal-piena tal-mewt ġiet adottata mill-Assemblea Ġenerali tan-NU f'Diċembru 2016, bl-appoġġ ta' 117-il pajjiż; josserva li, fl-2016, in-numru ta' eżekuzzjonijiet imwettqa fuq livell dinji niżel meta mqabbel mas-snin preċedenti u jesprimi t-tħassib serju tiegħu li n-numru kumplessiv ta' eżekuzzjonijiet madankollu baqa' ogħla mill-medja rreġistrata fl-għaxar snin preċedenti; jenfasizza li dawk li jkunu bersall spiss huma dissidenti tas-soċjetà u gruppi vulnerabbli; jistieden lill-pajjiżi li għadhom jirrikorru għal din il-prattika jadottaw moratorju u jabolixxu l-piena tal-mewt;

13.  Jirrikonoxxi l-importanza enormi li jista' jkollhom it-teknoloġiji tal-informazzjoni u tal-komunikazzjoni moderni fil-promozzjoni, fid-difiża u fir-rimedju tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem fid-dinja, u jistieden lill-istituzzjonijiet tal-UE u lill-Istati Membri tagħha jinqdew bil-kanali ta' informazzjoni tagħhom biex itennu sistematikament, fil-qafas tal-kompetenzi speċifiċi tagħhom, il-pożizzjoni tal-Parlament dwar id-diversi kwistjonijiet marbuta mad-drittijiet tal-bniedem, filwaqt li jikkontribwixxu għall-effikaċja u għall-viżibbiltà tal-isforzi komuni tal-UE; jesprimi t-tħassib tiegħu dwar l-użu dejjem akbar frekwenti ta' ċerti teknoloġiji ta' ċibersorveljanza b'użu doppju fil-konfront tal-politiċi, tal-attivisti u tal-ġurnalisti; jilqa' pożittivament, f'dan ir-rigward, il-ħidma li għaddejja fl-istituzzjonijiet tal-UE biex ikun aġġornat ir-Regolament tal-Kunsill (KE) Nru 428/2009 tal-5 ta' Mejju 2009 li jistabbilixxi reġim Komunitarju għall-kontroll tal-esportazzjonijiet, it-trasferiment, is-senserija u t-transitu ta' oġġetti b'użu doppju[45], jikkundanna bil-qawwa n-numru dejjem jiżdied ta' DDB li jħabbtu wiċċhom ma' theddid diġitali, inkluża data kompromessa permezz ta' konfiska ta' tagħmir, is-sorveljanza remota u l-kxif ta' data; jesprimi tħassib dwar il-fatt li xi pjattaformi online jħassru filmati leġittimi ta' evidenza ta' delitti tal-gwerra potenzjali bħala parti mit-tneħħija tal-kontenut u tal-propaganda terroristiċi ta' dawn il-pjattaformi;

14.  Jesprimi t-tħassib tiegħu rigward il-privatizzazzjoni dejjem aktar frekwenti tal-istat tad-dritt online, fejn xi kumpaniji privati jiddeċiedu li jirrestrinġu ċerti drittijiet fundamentali, bħal-libertà tal-kelma, abbażi tal-kundizzjonijiet ġenerali ta' bejgħ tagħhom pjuttost milli skont il-liġijiet adottati b'mod demokratiku;

15.  Jistieden lill-Kummissjoni tadotta mekkaniżmu ta' avviż u azzjoni biex iżżid it-trasparenza u l-proporzjonalità tal-proċeduri ta' tneħħija ta' kontenut online filwaqt li toffri rimedji effikaċi lill-utenti li l-kontenut tagħhom tneħħa illeġittimament;

16.  Jikkundanna l-użu tal-vjolenza sesswali fuq in-nisa u l-bniet, inklużi l-istupri tal-massa, l-iskjavitù sesswali, il-prostituzzjoni furzata, il-forom ta' persekuzzjoni bbażati fuq il-ġeneru, it-traffikar, it-turiżmu sesswali u kull forma ta' vjolenza fiżika, sesswali u psikoloġika, bħala arma tal-gwerra; jiġbed l-attenzjoni għall-fatt li d-delitti relatati mal-ġeneru u d-delitti ta' vjolenza sesswali huma kklassifikati fl-Istatut ta' Ruma bħala delitti tal-gwerra, delitti kontra l-umanità jew atti kostituttivi fir-rigward tal-ġenoċidju jew it-tortura; jisħaq fuq l-importanza tad-difiża tad-drittijiet tan-nisa, inklużi d-drittijiet sesswali u riproduttivi tagħhom, bis-saħħa tal-leġiżlazzjoni, tal-edukazzjoni u b'sostenn lill-OSĊ; jilqa' b'sodisfazzjon l-adozzjoni tal-Pjan ta' Azzjoni tal-UE dwar l-Ugwaljanza bejn is-Sessi 2016-2020, li jipprovdi lista komprensiva ta' miżuri biex tittejjeb is-sitwazzjoni tan-nisa rigward l-ugwaljanza tad-drittijiet u l-awtonomizzazzjoni; jenfasizza l-importanza li tiġi żgurata l-implimentazzjoni effikaċi tiegħu; jilqa' wkoll l-adozzjoni tal-Impenn Strateġiku għall-Ugwaljanza bejn is-Sessi 2016-2019, li jippromwovi l-ugwaljanza bejn is-sessi u d-drittijiet tan-nisa fid-dinja kollha; jisħaq fuq l-importanza tar-ratifika u tal-implimentazzjoni effikaċi tal-Konvenzjoni ta' Istanbul min-naħa tal-Istati Membri kollha; jirrimarka li l-edukazzjoni hija l-aħjar strument għall-ġlieda kontra d-diskriminazzjoni u l-vjolenza fuq in-nisa u t-tfal; jitlob li l-Kummissjoni, is-SEAE u l-VP/RGħ jintensifikaw il-proċess li bih jonoraw l-obbligi u l-impenji tagħhom fil-qasam tad-drittijiet tan-nisa fil-qafas tas-CEDAW u jinkoraġġixxi lill-pajjiżi terzi jagħmlu pariġġ; jemmen fil-ħtieġa li l-UE tkompli tintegra l-appoġġ lin-nisa fl-operazzjonijiet tal-politika ta' sigurtà u ta' difiża komuni (PSDK), fil-prevenzjoni tal-kunflitti u fir-rikostruzzjoni wara kunflitt; itenni l-importanza tar-riżoluzzjoni 1325 tal-Kunsill tas-Sigurtà tan-NU dwar in-nisa, l-paċi u s-sigurtà; jisħaq fuq l-importanza li n-nisa jipparteċipaw b'mod sistematiku, ugwali, sħiħ u attiv fil-prevenzjoni u r-riżoluzzjoni tal-kunflitti, fil-promozzjoni tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem u tar-riformi demokratiċi, kif ukoll fl-operazzjonijiet taż-żamma tal-paċi, fl-assistenza umanitarja, fil-proċessi ta' rikostruzzjoni ta' wara l-kunflitti u ta' tranżizzjoni demokratika li jwasslu għal soluzzjonijiet politiċi dejjiema u stabbli; ifakkar li, fl-2016, il-Premju Sakharov ingħata lil Nadia Murad u lil Lamiya Aji Bashar, superstiti tat-tjassir sesswali min-naħa tal-ISIS/Daesh;

17.  Ifakkar li l-ugwaljanza bejn in-nisa u l-irġiel tikkostitwixxi prinċipju fundamentali tal-UE u tal-Istati Membri tagħha, u li l-integrazzjoni ta' kwistjonijiet ta' ugwaljanza bejn is-sessi tikkostitwixxi wieħed mill-objettivi prinċipali tal-Unjoni hekk kif stabbiliti fit-trattati; jistieden lill-Kummissjoni tintegra l-integrazzjoni ta' kwistjonijiet ta' ugwaljanza bejn is-sessi fil-leġiżlazzjoni tal-UE, fil-linji gwida, fl-azzjonijiet u fil-finanzjament bħala prinċipju fundamentali tal-Unjoni, b'enfasi speċjali fuq il-politiki tar-relazzjonijiet esterni tal-UE; jenfasizza l-ħtieġa li jissaħħaħ ir-rwol tad-delegazzjonijiet tal-UE, kif ukoll dak tal-Konsulent Prinċipali tas-SEAE dwar l-Ugwaljanza bejn is-Sessi billi jiġi żgurat baġit speċifikament intiż għall-qasam tal-kompetenzi tagħha;

18.  Jistieden lis-SEAE jiżgura li l-eżiti tal-61 sessjoni tal-Kummissjoni dwar l-Istatus tan-Nisa (CSW) jiġu inklużi fil-politiki tiegħu u jipprovdu impetu ġdid favur il-promozzjoni tal-"awtonomizzazzjoni ekonomika tan-nisa" u l-indirizzar tal-inugwaljanzi bejn is-sessi f'dinja tax-xogħol li qed tinbidel;

19.  Josserva l-kontribut pożittiv tal-awtonomizzazzjoni tan-nisa fil-kisba ta' soċjetà inklużiva, ekwa u paċifika u favur żvilupp sostenibbli; jissottolinja li l-enfasi fuq l-ugwaljanza bejn is-sessi u t-tisħiħ tal-awtonomizzazzjoni tan-nisa hija espliċita fl-SDGs kollha u li għandhom isiru aktar sforzi biex jiġi żgurat li d-drittijiet tan-nisa jkunu sostnuti b'mod sħiħ u li l-politiki li jippromwovu l-awtonomizzazzjoni ekonomika u soċjali u l-parteċipazzjoni tan-nisa fil-proċess deċiżjonali jkunu implimentati b'mod effettiv; jissottolinja l-fatt li għandha tingħata attenzjoni partikolari lill-awtonomizzazzjoni tan-nisa indiġeni;

20.  Josserva li n-nisa għandhom jitħeġġu jorganizzaw ruħhom fi trade unions, u li m'għandhomx jiġu diskriminati meta jkunu qed ifittxu finanzjament għal negozju;

21.  Jistieden lill-UE tappoġġa l-assoċjazzjonijiet tan-nisa kollha li ta' kuljum jaħdmu biex jappoġġaw lin-nisa fi kriżijiet umanitarji u kunflitti;

22.  Jafferma mill-ġdid il-ħtieġa urġenti għar-ratifika universali u l-implimentazzjoni effikaċi tal-Konvenzjoni tan-NU dwar id-Drittijiet tat-Tfal (UNCRC) u l-Protokolli Fakultattivi tagħha, biex it-tfal jingħataw protezzjoni ġuridika; jissottolinja li t-tfal spiss huma esposti għal abbuż speċifiku, bħal żwieġ prekoċi jew mutilazzjoni ġenitali, u għalhekk għandhom bżonn protezzjoni msaħħa; jissottolinja li t-tħaddim tat-tfal, ir-reklutaġġ ta' tfal fil-kunflitti armati u ż-żwieġ prekoċi u furzat għadhom problemi ta' importanza kritika f'ċerti pajjiżi; jitlob li l-UE tikkonsulta b'mod sistematiku lill-organizzazzjonijiet rilevanti lokali u internazzjonali dwar id-drittijiet tat-tfal u, fid-djalogi politiċi tagħha u dawk dwar id-drittijiet tal-bniedem, tqajjem il-kwistjoni tal-obbligu tal-Istati Partijiet li jimplimentaw il-Konvenzjoni; jilqa' pożittivament l-Istrateġija tal-Kunsill tal-Ewropa għad-Drittijiet tat-Tfal (2016-2021); jitlob li l-UE tkompli tippromwovi s-sett ta' għodod għad-Drittijiet tat-Tfal tal-UE u l-UNICEF għall-integrazzjoni tad-drittijiet tat-tfal fil-kooperazzjoni għall-iżvilupp permezz tad-delegazzjonijiet esterni tagħha, u li tħarreġ il-persunal tad-delegazzjonijiet tal-UE b'mod adegwat f'dan il-qasam; itenni t-talba tiegħu lill-Kummissjoni biex tipproponi strateġija komprensiva dwar id-drittijiet tat-tfal kif ukoll pjan ta' azzjoni għall-ħames snin li ġejjin bil-għan li tagħti l-prijorità lid-drittijiet tat-tfal fil-politiki esterni tal-UE; japprezza l-fatt li fl-ambitu tal-Istrument tal-Kooperazzjoni għall-Iżvilupp tal-2016, ġew allokati riżorsi biex tingħata għajnuna lill-aġenziji tan-NU ħalli jieħdu miżuri mmirati li jipproteġu d-drittijiet tat-tfal, li jridu jitfasslu biex ikun immassimizzat il-benefiċċju effettiv għat-tfal fil-bżonn, partikolarment fil-qasam tas-sistemi tas-saħħa u tal-aċċess għall-edukazzjoni, għall-ilma u għas-sanità; jitlob li tinstab b'urġenza soluzzjoni għall-kwistjoni tat-tfal apolidi, b'mod partikolari dawk li twieldu barra mill-pajjiż tal-oriġini tal-ġenituri tagħhom, kif ukoll it-tfal migranti;

23.  Jikkundanna bil-qawwa kollha kwalunkwe forma ta' diskriminazzjoni, inkluża dik fuq il-bażi ta' razza, kulur, reliġjon, ġeneru, orjentament sesswali, karatteristiċi sesswali, lingwa, kultura, oriġini soċjali, kasta, twelid, età, diżabilità jew kwalunkwe stat ieħor; jenfasizza l-ħtieġa li l-UE tintensifika l-isforzi tagħha biex telimina kull tip ta' diskriminazzjoni, razziżmu, ksenofobija u forom oħrajn ta' intolleranza permezz tad-djalogi fil-qasam tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem u d-djalogi politiċi, il-ħidma tad-delegazzjonijiet tal-UE u d-diplomazija pubblika; jenfasizza wkoll il-ħtieġa li l-UE tkompli tippromwovi r-ratifika u l-implimentazzjoni sħiħa tal-konvenzjonijiet kollha tan-NU favur dan is-suġġett;

24.  Itenni l-fatt li "traffikar tal-bnedmin" tfisser ir-reklutaġġ, it-trasport, it-trasferiment, il-ħabi jew l-ilqugħ ta' persuni, permezz tat-theddid tal-forza jew tal-użu tagħha jew forom oħra ta' koerċizzjoni, ħtif, frodi, qerq, abbuż ta' poter jew ta' pożizzjoni ta' vulnerabbiltà jew permezz tal-għoti jew teħid ta' ħlas jew benefiċċji biex jinkiseb il-kunsens ta' persuna li għandha kontroll fuq persuna oħra, għall-fini ta' sfruttament; jistieden lill-UE u lill-Istati Membri jieħdu miżuri biex jiskoraġġixxu t-talba li fuqha jissejsu l-forom kollha ta' sfruttament tal-persuni, speċjalment tan-nisa u tat-tfal, li twassal għat-traffikar, filwaqt li fl-istess ħin jinżamm approċċ ibbażat fuq id-drittijiet tal-bniedem u ċċentrat fuq il-vittmi; itenni l-bżonn li l-Istati Membri kollha jimplimentaw l-Istrateġija tal-UE għall-Qerda tat-Traffikar tal-Bnedmin u d-Direttiva 2011/36/UE[46] f'dan ir-rigward; Jesprimi tħassib kbir għall-vulnerabbiltà estrema tal-migranti u tar-rifuġjati għall-isfruttament, għat-traffikar u għall-faċilitazzjoni ta' dħul klandestin ta' bnedmin; jisħaq fuq il-bżonn li tinżamm distinzjoni bejn il-kunċetti ta' traffikar tal-bnedmin u ta' faċilitazzjoni ta' dħul klandestin ta' bnedmin;

25.  Jikkundanna l-ksur kontinwu tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem kontra persuni li jsofru minħabba ġerarkiji ta' kasti u diskriminazzjoni bbażata fuq il-kasti, inkluż it-tiċħid tal-ugwaljanza u ta' aċċess għall-ġustizzja u għax-xogħol, is-segregazzjoni li għadha għaddejja u l-ostakli indotti mill-kasti għall-ksib tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem u l-iżvilupp bażiċi; itenni l-appell tiegħu għall-iżvilupp ta' politika tal-UE dwar id-diskriminazzjoni abbażi tal-kasti u biex l-UE taħtaf kull opportunità biex tesprimi t-tħassib serju tagħha dwar tali ksur tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem; iħeġġeġ lill-UE u lill-Istati Membri jintensifikaw l-isforzi u s-sostenn favur inizjattivi relatati fil-livell tan-NU u ta' delegazzjoni, billi jiġu implimentati u sorveljati l-SDGs għall-2030, tkun immonitorjata l-osservanza tal-Istrument ta' Gwida tan-NU dwar id-diskriminazzjoni bbażata fuq id-dixxendenza u tkun sostnuta l-implimentazzjoni, min-naħa tal-Istati, tar-rakkomandazzjonijiet ifformulati fl-ambitu tal-mekkaniżmu tan-NU għad-drittijiet tal-bniedem rigward il-kwistjoni tad-diskriminazzjoni marbuta mal-kasta;

26.  Jesprimi tħassib serju dwar il-fatt li l-minoranzi għadhom f'periklu ikbar ta' diskriminazzjoni u li huma speċjalment vulnerabbli għall-bidliet u t-taqlib politiċi, ekonomiċi, ambjentali u dawk marbuta max-xogħol; jinnota li ħafna minnhom ftit li xejn għandhom aċċess għar-rappreżentanza politika u li huma affettwati b'mod qawwi mill-faqar; jenfasizza l-ħtieġa li l-UE tqawwi l-isforzi tagħha biex telimina l-ksur tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem li jiġi kommess fil-konfront tal-minoranzi; jenfasizza li l-komunitajiet minoritarji għandhom ħtiġijiet speċjali u għandu jkunilhom garantit aċċess sħiħ u trattament indaqs fis-setturi kollha tal-ħajja ekonomika, soċjali, politika u kulturali;

27.  Jilqa' favorevolment ir-ratifika tal-Konvenzjoni tan-NU dwar id-Drittijiet ta' Persuni b'Diżabilità (UNCRPD) u jtenni l-importanza tar-ratifika u tal-implimentazzjoni effikaċi tagħha min-naħa kemm tal-Istati Membri kif ukoll tal-istituzzjonijiet tal-UE; jenfasizza li d-diżabilitajiet ma jċaħħdux lill-persuni mid-dinjità umana, u dan ifisser li l-Istat għandu d-dmir li jipproteġihom; jenfasizza b'mod partikolari l-ħtieġa li jiġu integrati b'mod kredibbli l-prinċipju ta' aċċessibbiltà universali u d-drittijiet kollha ta' persuni b'diżabilità fil-politiki rilevanti kollha tal-UE, inkluż fil-qasam tal-kooperazzjoni għall-iżvilupp, u jenfasizza n-natura preskrittiva u orizzontali ta' din il-kwistjoni; jappella li l-UE tinkorpora l-ġlieda kontra d-diskriminazzjoni fuq bażi tad-diżabilità fl-azzjoni esterna tagħha u fil-politiki dwar l-għajnuna għall-iżvilupp; jilqa' b'sodisfazzjon, f'dan ir-rigward, l-inklużjoni tad-drittijiet tal-persuni b'diżabilità fil-Kunsens Ewropew il-ġdid għall-Iżvilupp;

28.  Itenni l-appoġġ tiegħu favur l-introduzzjoni sistematika ta' klawsoli dwar id-drittijiet tal-bniedem fil-ftehimiet internazzjonali bejn l-UE u l-pajjiżi terzi, inklużi l-ftehimiet kummerċjali u ta' investiment; ifakkar li huwa indispensabbli li jingħata valur ugwali lid-drittijiet tal-bniedem kollha, u dawn tal-aħħar huma indiviżibbli, interdipendenti u marbutin ma' xulxin; jistieden lill-Kummissjoni timmonitorja l-implimentazzjoni ta' dawn il-klawsoli b'mod effikaċi u sistematiku u tipprovdi rapporti regolari lill-Parlament dwar ir-rispett min-naħa tal-pajjiżi sħab għad-drittijiet tal-bniedem; jistieden lill-Kummissjoni tadotta approċċ aktar strutturat u strateġiku fid-djalogi dwar id-drittijiet tal-bniedem fl-ambitu tal-ftehimiet futuri; jesprimi fehma pożittiva dwar is-sistema ta' preferenzi SPĠ+ bħala mezz biex titħeġġeġ l-implimentazzjoni effikaċi ta' 27 konvenzjoni internazzjonali fundamentali dwar id-drittijiet tal-bniedem u l-istandards tax-xogħol; jappella għall-applikazzjoni reali tal-SPĠ+ u jistenna li l-Kummissjoni tirrapporta lura għand il-Parlament u il-Kunsill dwar l-istat ta' ratifika tagħha u l-progress li sar f'din l-iskema; itenni l-importanza ta' implimentazzjoni korretta tal-Prinċipji Gwida tan-NU dwar in-Negozju u d-Drittijiet tal-Bniedem;

29.  Jafferma mill-ġdid il-fatt li l-attivitajiet tal-kumpaniji kollha, inklużi dawk Ewropej, li joperaw f'pajjiżi terzi għandhom jikkonformaw bis-sħiħ mal-istandards internazzjonali tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem u jistieden lill-UE u lill-Istati Membri tagħha jiżguraw li dan isir; jafferma mill-ġdid, barra minn hekk, l-importanza li tiġi promossa responsabbiltà soċjali tal-kumpaniji u li l-impriżi Ewropej jiżvolġu rwol minn ta' quddiem fil-promozzjoni tal-istandards internazzjonali dwar in-negozju u d-drittijiet tal-bniedem, u jenfasizza li l-kooperazzjoni bejn id-drittijiet tal-bniedem u d-dinja tan-negozju tkun tawtonomizza lill-atturi lokali u tippromwovi s-soċjetà ċivili; jirrikonoxxi li l-ktajjen ta' valur mondjali jikkontribwixxu għat-tisħiħ tal-istandards internazzjonali fundamentali fil-qasam tax-xogħol kif ukoll ta' natura ambjentali u soċjali u jirrappreżentaw opportunità u sfidi rigward il-progress sostenibbli u l-promozzjoni tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem, partikolarment fil-pajjiżi li qed jiżviluppaw; jistieden lill-UE tiżvolġi rwol aktar attiv biex tikseb ġestjoni adegwata, ekwa, trasparenti u sostenibbli tal-ktajjen ta' valur mondjali u ttaffi l-effetti negattivi fuq id-drittijiet tal-bniedem, inkluż il-ksur tad-drittijiet tax-xogħol; jissottolinja, madankollu, li fil-każ ta' abbużi tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem relatati man-negozju, lill-vittmi għandu jiġihom garantit aċċess effettiv għar-rimedji; iħeġġeġ lill-Kummissjoni tiżgura li l-proġetti sostnuti mill-BEI jkunu konformi mal-politika tal-UE u mal-impenji tagħha fil-qasam tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem; jieħu nota tan-negozjati li għaddejjin għal trattat vinkolanti dwar il-kumpaniji transnazzjonali u impriżi kummerċjali oħrajn fir-rigward tar-rispett tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem; jinkoraġġixxi lill-UE tieħu sehem kostruttiv f'dawn in-negozjati;

30.  Jitlob lill-UE u lill-Istati Membri tagħha jużaw il-piż politiku kollu tagħhom biex jevitaw kwalunkwe att li jista' jitqies bħala ġenoċidju, delitt tal-gwerra jew delitt kontra l-umanità, jirrispondu b'mod effiċjenti u koordinat meta jseħħu delitti bħal dawn, jimmobilizzaw ir-riżorsi kollha meħtieġa biex iressqu quddiem il-ġustizzja lil dawk kollha responsabbli, anki bl-applikazzjoni tal-prinċipju tal-ġurisdizzjoni universali, u jgħinu lill-vittmi u jappoġġaw il-proċessi ta' stabbilizzazzjoni u rikonċiljazzjoni; jistieden lill-komunità internazzjonali toħloq strumenti li jimminimizzaw l-intervall bejn it-twissija u r-reazzjoni, bħas-sistema ta' twissija bikrija tal-UE, sabiex jiġi evitat li l-kunflitti vjolenti jfeġġu, ifeġġu mill-ġdid u jeskalaw;

31.  Jistieden lill-UE ssostni lill-organizzazzjonijiet (fosthom l-NGOs, l-organizzazzjonijiet li jinvestigaw abbażi ta' sorsi miftuħa u s-soċjetà ċivili) li jiġbru, iżommu u jipproteġu informazzjoni, kemm f'format diġitali jew f'format ieħor, relatata mad-delitti kommessi, bil-għan li tkun iffaċilitata il-prosekuzzjoni internazzjonali tagħhom;

32.  Jesrpimi t-tħassib serju tiegħu dwar il-qerda ta' siti ta' patrimonju kulturali fis-Sirja, fl-Iraq, fil-Jemen u fil-Libja; josserva li fost it-38 sit ta' patrimonju kulturali fil-periklu fid-dinja, 22 jinsabu fil-Lvant Nofsani; jappoġġa l-attivitajiet tal-Inizjattiva "Patrimonju Kulturali" u l-attivitajiet tagħha ta' ġbir ta' informazzjoni fis-Sirja u fl-Iraq b'rabta mal-qerda tal-patrimonju arkeoloġiku u kulturali;

33.  Jilqa' pożittivament l-isforzi tal-UE maħsuba biex isostnu l-Mekkaniżmu Internazzjonali, Imparzjali u Indipendenti (MIII) stabbilit min-NU biex jassisti fl-investigazzjoni dwar id-delitti l-aktar serji li twettqu fis-Sirja; jisħaq fuq il-bżonn li jitwaqqaf mekkaniżmu indipendenti simili fl-Iraq; jistieden lill-UE u lill-Istati Membri li għadhom ma kkontribwewx finanzjarjament għall-MIII biex jagħmel dan;

34.  Jikkundanna bil-qawwa d-delitti faħxin u l-ksur tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem kommessi minn atturi statali u mhux statali; jinsab imwaħħax quddiem il-firxa wiesgħa ta' delitti kommessi, fosthom omiċidji, tortura, stupru bħala arma tal-gwerra, tjassir u skjavitù sesswali, reklutaġġ ta' suldati tfal, konverżjonijiet reliġjużi furzati u t-"tindif" sistematiku u l-qtil tal-minoranzi reliġjużi; ifakkar li s-sitwazzjoni li fiha jinsabu l-minoranzi reliġjużi fit-territorji ggvernati mill-ISIS/Daesh ġiet kkwalifikata bħala ġenoċidju mill-Parlament Ewropew fir-riżoluzzjoni tiegħu tat-12 ta' Frar 2015 dwar il-kriżi umanitarja fl-Iraq u s-Sirja, b'mod partikolari fil-kuntest tal-IS[47]; jenfasizza li l-UE u l-Istati Membri tagħha jmisshom isostnu l-prosekuzzjoni tal-membri ta' gruppi mhux statali bħall-ISIS/Daesh billi jitolbu lill-Kunsill tas-Sigurtà tan-NU jikkonferixxi l-ġurisdizzjoni fil-materja lill-Qorti Kriminali Internazzjonali (QKI) jew jiggarantixxi li ssir ġustizzja permezz ta' tribunal ad hoc jew il-ġurisdizzjoni universali;

35.  Itenni l-appoġġ sħiħ tiegħu għall-QKI, l-Istatut ta' Ruma, l-Uffiċċju tal-Prosekutur, is-setgħat proprio motu tal-Prosekutur u l-progress magħmul fil-ftuħ ta' investigazzjonijiet ġodda bħala mezz essenzjali fil-ġlieda kontra l-impunità għal delitti atroċi; jistieden lill-Istati Membri kollha jirratifikaw l-emendi ta' Kampala dwar id-delitt ta' aggressjoni u jżidu d-"delitti atroċi" fil-lista tar-reati li għalihom hija kompetenti l-UE; jikkundanna kwalunkwe tentattiv biex ikunu mminati l-leġittimità jew l-indipendenza tal-QKI u jitlob lill-UE u lill-Istati Membri jikkooperaw b'mod konsistenti biex ikunu sostnuti l-investigazzjonijiet u d-deċiżjonijiet tal-QKI, bl-iskop li tintemm l-impunità tad-delitti internazzjonali, anki fejn jidħol l-arrest ta' persuni mfittxija mill-QKI; iħeġġeġ lill-UE u lill-Istati Membri tagħha jiggarantixxu sostenn kostanti għall-eżamijiet, għall-investigazzjonijiet u għad-deċiżjonijiet tal-QKI u jieħdu provvedimenti kif ukoll jirreaġixxu b'mod effikaċi għall-istanzi ta' nuqqas ta' kooperazzjoni mal-QKI u jipprevedu finanzjamenti adegwati; jilqa' b'sodisfazzjon il-laqgħa tas-6 ta' Lulju 2016 bejn ir-rappreżentanti tal-UE u tal-QKI fi Brussell, bi tħejjija għat-tieni diskussjoni madwar mejda tonda UE-QKI, li tagħti lill-persunal rilevanti tal-QKI u tal-istituzzjonijiet tal-UE l-possibbiltà li jidentifikaw oqsma ta' interess komuni, jiskambjaw informazzjoni dwar attivitajiet rilevanti u jiżguraw kooperazzjoni aħjar bejn iż-żewġ partijiet; jinnota b'dispjaċir kbir id-dikjarazzjonijiet reċenti ta' rtirar mill-Istatut ta' Ruma, li jirrappreżentaw sfida f'dak li jirrigwarda l-aċċess tal-vittmi għall-ġustizzja u li jenħtieġ li jiġu kkundannati bla riżervi; iqis lill-Kummissjoni, lis-SEAE u lis-Istati Membri għandhom ikompli jinkoraġġixxi lill-pajjiżi terzi jirratifikaw u japplikaw l-Istatut ta' Ruma; itenni t-talba tiegħu lill-VP/RGħ biex taħtar RSUE għad-Dritt Umanitarju Internazzjonali u l-Ġustizzja Internazzjonali bil-mandat li jippromwovi, jintegra u jirrappreżenta l-impenn tal-UE fil-ġlieda kontra l-impunità u favur il-QKI fil-politiki barranin tal-UE; jistieden lill-UE u lill-Istati Membri tagħha jsostnu l-mekkaniżmi ta' obbligu ta' rendikont u r-riżoluzzjonijiet tan-NU fil-fora multilaterali tan-NU, inkluż il-Kunsill tad-Drittijiet tal-Bniedem;

36.  Iħeġġeġ lill-UE tintensifika l-isforzi tagħha biex tippromwovi l-istat tad-dritt u l-indipendenza tal-ġudikatura f'livell multilaterali u bilaterali bħala prinċipju fundamentali għall-konsolidament tad-demokrazija; iħeġġeġ lill-UE tappoġġa l-amministrazzjoni imparzjali tal-ġustizzja mad-dinja kollha billi tassisti r-riformi leġiżlattivi u istituzzjonali fil-pajjiżi terzi; jinkoraġġixxi wkoll lid-delegazzjonijiet tal-UE u lill-ambaxxati tal-Istati Membri jimmonitorjaw il-proċessi b'mod sistematiku bil-għan li tiġi promossa l-indipendenza tal-ġudikatura;

37.  Jesprimi tħassib profond u solidarjetà mal-għadd kbir ta' rifuġjati, migranti u persuni li jfittxu asil, fosthom għadd dejjem ikbar ta' nisa, bħala vittmi ta' kunflitti, vjolenza, persekuzzjoni, nuqqasijiet fil-governanza, faqar, migrazzjoni irregolari u netwerks ta' traffikar u ta' faċilitazzjoni ta' dħul klandestin ta' bnedmin; jenfasizza l-ħtieġa urġenti li jittieħdu passi reali biex jingħelbu l-kawżi profondi tal-flussi migratorji u jinstabu soluzzjonijiet fit-tul ibbażati fuq ir-rispett tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem u d-dinjità, u għalhekk tkun indirizzata d-dimensjoni esterna tal-kriżi tar-rifuġjati, anki billi jinstabu soluzzjonijiet sostenibbli għall-kunflitti fil-viċinat Ewropew, pereżempju bis-saħħa tal-iżvilupp tal-kooperazzjoni u ta' sħubijiet mal-pajjiżi terzi kkonċernati li jikkonformaw mad-dritt internazzjonali u jkun żgurat ir-rispett tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem f'dawn il-pajjiżi; jesprimi t-tħassib kbir tiegħu għall-vjolenza kontra t-tfal migranti, inklużi t-tfal migranti li għebu, mhux akkumpanjati, u jitlob pjanijiet ta' risistemazzjoni, riunifikazzjoni tal-familja u kurituri umanitarji; jinsab inkwetat mhux ftit għas-sitwazzjoni mwiegħra u n-numru dejjem akbar ta' persuni spostati internament u jappella għar-ritorn sikur tagħhom, għar-risistemazzjoni tagħhom jew għall-integrazzjoni lokali tagħhom; jistieden lill-UE u lill-Istati Membri tagħha jagħtu assistenza umanitarja fil-qasam tal-edukazzjoni, tal-akkomodazzjoni, tas-saħħa u għal żoni umanitarji oħrajn li jassistu lir-rifuġjati l-eqreb tal-pajjiż tal-oriġini tagħhom, u jimplimentaw adegwatament il-politiki ta' ritorn; jenfasizza l-ħtieġa ta' approċċ komprensiv ibbażat fuq id-drittijiet tal-bniedem fil-konfront tal-migrazzjoni u jistieden lill-UE tikkoopera aktar man-NU, mal-organizzazzjonijiet reġjonali, mal-gvernijiet u mal-NGOs; jistieden lill-Istati Membri jimplimentaw bis-sħiħ il-pakkett Ewropew komuni fil-qasam tal-asil u l-leġiżlazzjoni komuni fil-qasam tal-migrazzjoni, partikolarment bil-għan li jitħarsu l-persuni vulnerabbli li jfittxu asil; jissottolinja li l-kunċetti ta' pajjiż bla periklu u ta' pajjiż ta' oriġini bla periklu ma għandhom l-ebda mod jimpedixxu l-eżami tal-applikazzjonijiet individwali għall-asil; iwissi kontra l-istrumentalizzazzjoni tal-politika barranija tal-UE bħala "ġestjoni tal-migrazzjoni"; jistieden lill-UE u lill-Istati Membri jistabbilixxu trasparenza totali rigward il-fondi allokati lill-pajjiżi terzi għall-kooperazzjoni fil-qasam tal-migrazzjoni u jiżguraw li tali kooperazzjoni ma tmurx għall-vantaġġ tal-istrutturi involuti fil-ksur tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem, iżda pjuttost tmur pari passu mat-titjib tas-sitwazzjoni tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem f'dawn il-pajjiżi;

38.  Iqis li l-kooperazzjoni għall-iżvilupp u l-promozzjoni tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem u l-prinċipji demokratiċi, inklużi l-istat tad-dritt u l-governanza tajba għandhom jimxu pari passu; ifakkar f'dan il-kuntest li n-NU ddikjaraw li, mingħajr approċċ ibbażat fuq id-drittijiet tal-bniedem, l-objettivi ta' żvilupp ma jistgħux jintlaħqu bis-sħiħ; ifakkar ukoll li l-UE impenjat ruħha li tappoġġa lill-pajjiżi sħab filwaqt li tqis is-sitwazzjoni tal-iżvilupp u tal-progress tagħhom fir-rigward tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem u tad-demokrazija;

39.  Jirrimarka li r-rata ta' nies f'riskju ta' faqar jew esklużjoni soċjali hija ogħla fost in-nisa, u jistieden lill-Kummissjoni tintensifika l-isforzi tagħha biex timplimenta miżuri biex jiġu miġġielda l-faqar u l-esklużjoni soċjali bħala parti mill-politiki ta' żvilupp tagħha;

40.  Ifakkar li t-tieni kriterju tal-Pożizzjoni Komuni tal-Kunsill 944/2008/PESK jobbliga lill-Istati Membri jeżaminaw kull liċenzja tal-esportazzjoni ta' armi skont ir-rispett tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem fil-pajjiż ta' destinazzjoni; ifakkar, f'dan ir-rigward, fl-impenn li ħadet il-Kummissjoni fil-Pjan ta' Azzjoni tal-UE dwar id-Drittijiet tal-Bniedem u d-Demokrazija b'rabta mal-forzi tas-sigurtà u mal-implimentazzjoni tal-politika tal-UE fil-qasam tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem, inklużi l-iżvilupp u l-implimentazzjoni ta' politika ta' diliġenza dovuta f'dan is-settur;

41.  Itenni l-appell tiegħu għal pożizzjoni tal-UE komuni dwar l-użu ta' droni armati li ssostni d-drittijiet tal-bniedem u d-dritt umanitarju internazzjonali u tindirizza kwistjonijiet bħall-qafas ġuridiku, il-proporzjonalità, l-obbligu ta' rendikont, il-protezzjoni taċ-ċivili u t-trasparenza; jinsisti għal darb'oħra li l-UE tipprojbixxi l-iżvilupp, il-produzzjoni u l-użu ta' armi kompletament awtonomi li jippermettu li jsiru attakki mingħajr intervent uman;

42.  Iqis li l-UE għandha tkompli bl-isforzi tagħha għat-titjib tar-rispett għad-drittijiet tal-bniedem tal-persuni LGBTI, b'konformità mal-Linji Gwida tal-UE dwar is-suġġett; jappella għall-implimentazzjoni totali tal-Linji Gwida, inkluż permezz tat-taħriġ tal-persunal tal-UE fil-pajjiżi terzi; jiddenunzja l-fatt li 72 pajjiż għadhom jikkriminalizzaw l-omosesswalità; huwa mħasseb bil-fatt li 13 minnhom jipprevedu l-piena tal-mewt, u jemmen li l-prattiki vjolenti u l-atti ta' vjolenza kontra individwi għal raġunijiet tal-orjentament sesswali tagħhom, bħal dikjarazzjonijiet furzati tal-omosesswalità, reati ta' mibegħda u diskors ta' inċitament għall-mibegħda online u offline kif ukoll l-istupru korrettiv ma għandhomx jibqgħu mingħajr sanzjonijiet; jieħu nota tal-legalizzazzjoni f'ċerti pajjiżi taż-żwieġ u tal-unjoni ċivili bejn persuni tal-istess sess u jinkoraġġixxi li dawn ikomplu jiġu rikonoxxuti; jikkundanna l-ksur tal-integrità fiżika fil-konfront tan-nisa u tal-gruppi minoritarji; jitlob lill-Istati jagħmlu dawn il-prattiki illegali, jaffrontaw dawk responsabbli għalihom u jagħtu appoġġ lill-vittmi;

43.  Jenfasizza l-importanza fundamentali tal-ġlieda kontra l-korruzzjoni, f'kull forma tagħha, bil-għan li jitħarsu l-istat tad-dritt, id-demokrazija u r-rispett tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem; jikkundanna bis-saħħa kwalunkwe mġiba jew aġir li jagħlqu għajnejhom għal tali prattiki korrotti;

44.  Ifakkar li l-korruzzjoni thedded il-fatt li d-drittijiet tal-bniedem ma jitgawdewx b'mod ugwali minn kulħadd u ddgħajjef il-proċessi demokratiċi bħall-istat tad-dritt u l-amministrazzjoni imparzjali tal-ġustizzja; huwa tal-opinjoni li l-UE għandha tenfasizza fil-pjattaformi kollha ta' djalogu mal-pajjiżi terzi l-importanza tal-integrità, l-obbligu ta' rendikont u l-ġestjoni tajba tal-affarijiet pubbliċi, tal-finanzi pubbliċi u tal-proprjetà pubblika, kif stabbilit fil-Konvenzjoni tan-NU kontra l-Korruzzjoni (UNCAC); jirrakkomanda li l-UE tuża l-kompetenzi tagħha biex tappoġġa lill-pajjiżi terzi b'mod aktar konsistenti u sistematiku fl-isforzi tagħhom biex jindirizzaw il-korruzzjoni bit-twaqqif u bil-konsolidament ta' istituzzjonijiet indipendenti u effikaċi kontra l-korruzzjoni; jistieden partikolarment lill-Kummissjoni tinnegozja dispożizzjonijiet għall-ġlieda kontra l-korruzzjoni fil-ftehimiet kummerċjali kollha futuri li tinnegozja mal-pajjiżi terzi;

45.  Jiġbed l-attenzjoni għall-obbligi u għar-responsabbiltajiet essenzjali tal-Istati u ta' entitajiet responsabbli oħra biex itaffu t-tibdil fil-klima, jipprevjenu l-effetti negattivi tiegħu fuq id-drittijiet tal-bniedem u jippromwovu l-koerenza tal-politiki sabiex jiġi żgurat li l-isforzi ta' mitigazzjoni tat-tibdil fil-klima u l-adattament għalih ikunu adegwati, ambizzjużi biżżejjed, mhux diskriminatorji u ġeneralment konformi mal-obbligi relatati mad-drittijiet tal-bniedem; jissottolinja l-fatt li n-NU jistimaw li sal-2050 se jkun hemm ħafna persuni spostati minħabba raġunijiet ambjentali; jenfasizza r-rabta bejn il-politiki kummerċjali, il-politiki ambjentali u l-politiki ta' żvilupp, kif ukoll l-impatt pożittiv u negattiv li tali politiki jistgħu jkollhom fuq id-drittijiet tal-bniedem; japprezza d-dedikazzjoni internazzjonali għall-promozzjoni tal-integrazzjoni tal-kwistjonijiet rigward id-diżastri ambjentali u naturali u t-tibdil fil-klima mad-drittijiet tal-bniedem;

46.  Jenfasizza ż-żieda konsiderevoli fil-ħtif tal-art ta' dawn l-aħħar snin fil-pajjiżi li qed jiżviluppaw; iqis li l-ġlieda kontra l-isfruttament u l-approprjazzjoni ta' riżorsi għandha tkun prijorità; jikkundanna l-prattiki bħall-ħtif tal-art u l-użu indiskriminat tar-riżorsi naturali; jistieden lill-Kummissjoni tieħu azzjoni b'urġenza bħala reazzjoni għall-bosta riżoluzzjonijiet tal-Parlament li jittrattaw dan is-suġġett;

47.  Jissottolinja l-importanza li jiġu żgurati d-drittijiet tal-bniedem u li l-aċċess għall-beni u għas-servizzi bħall-ilma u s-sanità jkun ittrattat fil-politiki fil-qasam soċjali, tal-edukazzjoni, tas-saħħa u tas-sigurtà;

48.  Jistieden lill-istituzzjonijiet internazzjonali, lill-gvernijiet nazzjonali, lill-NGOs u lill-individwi jaħdmu f'sinerġija biex ikun stabbilit qafas regolatorju xieraq bil-għan li jiżgura li lil kulħadd fid-dinja jkunlu garantit aċċess għal kwantità minima ta' ilma; jissottolinja l-fatt li l-ilma ma għandux jitqies bħala merkanzija iżda kwistjoni ta' żvilupp u ta' sostenibbiltà u li l-privatizzazzjoni tal-ilma ma teżonerax lill-Istati mir-responsabbiltajiet tagħhom fil-qasam tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem; jistieden lill-pajjiżi li fihom l-ilma huwa waħda mill-kawżi ta' tensjoni jew kunflitt jikkoorperaw biex l-ilma jinqasam bil-għan li jkun hemm sitwazzjoni vantaġġuża għal kulħadd għal finijiet ta' sostenibbiltà u żvilupp paċifiku tar-reġjun;

Nindirizzaw l-isfidi u l-attivitajiet ta' sostenn għad-demokrazija

49.  Jenfasizza l-ħtieġa li l-UE tkompli ssostni b'mod attiv l-istituzzjonijiet demokratiċi u effikaċi li jieħdu ħsieb id-drittijiet tal-bniedem u s-soċjetà ċivili fl-isforzi tagħhom favur id-demokratizzazzjoni; japprezza l-assistenza imprezzabbli li tingħata lill-OSĊ mad-dinja kollha fil-qafas tal-EIDHR, li tkompli tikkostitwixxi l-istrument emblematiku tal-UE fl-implimentazzjoni tal-politika esterna tagħha fil-qasam tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem; jilqa', barra minn hekk, l-isforzi konsistenti tal-Fond Ewropew għad-Demokrazija biex jippromwovi d-demokrazija u r-rispett tad-drittijiet u tal-libertajiet fundamentali fil-viċinat tal-Lvant u tan-Nofsinhar tal-UE;

50.  Ifakkar li l-esperjenza miksuba u t-tagħlimiet li nsiltu mit-tranżizzjoni għal demokrazija fil-qafas tal-politika ta' tkabbir u tal-viċinat jistgħu jikkontribwixxu b'mod pożittiv għall-identifikazzjoni tal-aħjar prattiki li jistgħu jintużaw għall-appoġġ u l-konsolidament ta' proċessi oħrajn ta' demokratizzazzjoni mad-dinja kollha;

51.  Itenni, f'dan il-kuntest, l-appell tiegħu lill-Kummissjoni biex tiżviluppa linji gwida tal-UE għal appoġġ għad-demokrazija;

52.  Jirrakkomanda li l-UE żżid l-isforzi tagħha biex tiżviluppa approċċ aktar komprensiv lejn il-proċessi ta' demokratizzazzjoni, fejn elezzjonijiet ħielsa u ġusti jikkostitwixxu biss dimensjoni waħda minnhom, biex b'hekk jingħata kontribut pożittiv għat-tisħiħ tal-istituzzjonijiet demokratiċi u l-fiduċja pubblika fil-proċessi elettorali fid-dinja kollha;

53.  Jilqa' t-tmien Missjonijiet ta' Osservazzjoni Elettorali (MOE) u t-tmien Missjonijiet ta' Esperti Elettorali (MEE) min-naħa tal-UE fid-dinja kollha fl-2016; jiġbed l-attenzjoni għall-fatt li mill-2015 'il quddiem l-UE bagħtet 17-il MOE u 23 MEE; itenni l-opinjoni pożittiva tiegħu tal-appoġġ kontinwu tal-UE għall-proċessi elettorali u l-għoti, min-naħa tagħha, ta' assistenza elettorali u appoġġ għall-osservaturi nazzjonali; jilqa' u jappoġġa bis-sħiħ il-ħidma tal-Grupp għas-Sostenn għad-Demokrazija u Koordinazzjoni tal-Elezzjonijiet (DEG) f'dan ir-rigward;

54.  Ifakkar fl-importanza li jingħata segwitu tajjeb għar-rapporti u għar-rakkomandazzjonijiet tal-MOE bħala mod biex jittejjeb l-impatt tagħhom u jissaħħaħ l-appoġġ tal-UE għal standards demokratiċi fil-pajjiżi kkonċernati;

55.  Jilqa' l-impenn meħud mill-Kummissjoni, mis-SEAE u mill-Istati Membri fil-qafas tal-Pjan ta' Azzjoni attwali dwar id-Drittijiet tal-Bniedem u d-Demokrazija biex jinvolvu ruħhom b'aktar qawwa u konsistenza mal-korpi tal-amministrazzjoni elettorali, l-istituzzjonijiet parlamentari u l-OSĊ fil-pajjiżi terzi, sabiex jikkontribwixxu biex jingħataw is-setgħa u, għaldaqstant, biex isaħħu l-proċessi demokratiċi;

56.  Jenfasizza li l-politika tat-tkabbir hija waħda mill-għodod l-aktar b'saħħithom għat-tisħiħ tar-rispett tal-prinċipji demokratiċi u d-drittijiet tal-bniedem fid-dawl tal-iżviluppi politiċi attwali fil-pajjiżi kandidati u potenzjalment kandidati; jistieden lill-Kummissjoni ssaħħaħ l-isforzi tagħha biex tirfed it-tisħiħ tal-kulturi politiċi demokratiċi, ir-rispett tal-istat tad-dritt, l-indipendenza tal-mezzi tal-komunikazzjoni kif ukoll tal-ġudikatura, u l-ġlieda kontra l-korruzzjoni f'dawn il-pajjiżi; jesprimi l-konvinzjoni tiegħu li l-politika Ewropea tal-viċinat riveduta għandha tkompli żżomm fil-qalba tagħha l-protezzjoni, il-promozzjoni attiva u l-applikazzjoni tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem u tal-prinċipji demokratiċi; itenni l-fatt li l-protezzjoni, is-sostenn attiv u l-applikazzjoni tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem u tad-demokrazija huma fl-interess kemm tal-pajjiżi sħab kif ukoll tal-UE; ifakkar, barra minn hekk, fil-ħtieġa għall-UE li ssostni l-impenn tagħha mas-sħab tagħha, partikolarment fil-viċinat tagħha, biex tappoġġa r-riforma ekonomika, soċjali u politika, tipproteġi d-drittijiet tal-bniedem u tgħin ħalli jiġi stabbilit l-istat tad-dritt, bħala l-aħjar mezz sabiex jissaħħaħ l-ordni internazzjonali u tiġi żgurata l-istabbiltà tal-viċinat tagħha; ifakkar li l-Unjoni għall-Mediterran tista' u jmissha ssawwar id-djalogu politiku f'dan ir-reġjun u teżerċita pressjoni qawwija favur aġenda b'saħħitha fil-qasam tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem u tad-demokrazija fir-reġjun; ifakkar li kwalunkwe pajjiż li jaspira li jsir membru tal-UE għandu jiggarantixxi bis-sħiħ id-drittijiet tal-bniedem u jissodisfa b'mod rigoruż il-kriterji ta' Copenhagen, u n-nuqqas ta' konformità ma' dawn jaf iwassal għall-iffriżar tan-negozjati;

57.  Jenfasizza li l-konsolidament tal-paċi jinvolvi sforzi li jipprevjenu u jnaqqsu il-kunflitti kif ukoll isaħħaħ ir-reżiljenza tal-istituzzjonijiet politiċi, soċjoekonomiċi u tas-sigurtà, bil-għan li titwitta t-triq għal paċi u żvilupp sostenibbli fit-tul; jissottolinja li l-promozzjoni tal-istat tad-dritt, tal-governanza tajba u tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem hija fundamentali għal paċi sostenibbli;

Niżguraw approċċ ta' sostenn komprensiv u koerenti għad-drittijiet tal-bniedem u d-demokrazija permezz tal-politiki tal-UE

58.  Jieħu nota tal-adozzjoni tar-Rapport Annwali tal-UE dwar id-Drittijiet tal-Bniedem u d-Demokrazija fid-Dinja fl-2016; iqis li r-Rapport Annwali huwa strument indispensabbli għall-iskrutinju, għall-komunikazzjoni u għad-dibattitu rigward il-politika tal-UE dwar id-drittijiet tal-bniedem u d-demokrazija fid-dinja, u strument utli li jagħti deskrizzjoni komprensiva tal-prijoritajiet, tal-isforzi u tal-sfidi tal-UE f'dan il-qasam u li jista' jintuża biex ikunu identifikati aktar modi ta' kif dawn jiġu indirizzati b'mod effikaċi;

59.  Itenni bis-saħħa l-istedina tiegħu lill-VP/RGħ biex tieħu sehem f'dibattitu mal-Membri tal-PE f'żewġ sessjonijiet plenarji fis-sena, darba meta ssir il-preżentazzjoni tar-Rapport Annwali u darba b'risposta għar-rapport tagħha stess; itenni l-importanza ta' djalogu interistituzzjonali kontinwu, partikolarment fir-rigward tas-segwitu mogħti lir-riżoluzzjonijiet urġenti tal-Parlament dwar id-drittijiet tal-bniedem; ifakkar li t-tweġibiet bil-miktub għandhom ukoll rwol importanti fir-relazzjonijiet interistituzzjonali, billi jippermettu li jingħata segwitu sistematiku u profond għall-punti kollha mqajma mill-Parlament u b'hekk jikkontribwixxu għat-tisħiħ ta' koordinament effikaċi; jistieden lill-VP/RGħ u lis-SEAE jwieġbu b'reqqa l-mistoqsijiet bil-miktub u jindirizzaw il-kwistjonijiet relatati mad-drittijiet tal-bniedem imqajma fl-ogħla livell ta' djalogu mal-pajjiżi involuti;

60.  Ifaħħar lis-SEAE u lill-Kummissjoni tar-rapportar eżawrjenti tagħhom dwar l-attivitajiet imwettqa mill-UE fil-qasam tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem u d-demokrazija fl-2016; iqis, madankollu, li l-format attwali tar-Rapport Annwali dwar id-Drittijiet tal-Bniedem u d-Demokrazija jista' jitjieb billi tiġi offruta deskrizzjoni ġenerali aħjar tal-impatt konkret tal-azzjonijiet tal-UE fuq id-drittijiet tal-bniedem u d-demokrazija fil-pajjiżi terzi;

61.  Itenni l-opinjoni tiegħu li l-adozzjoni tal-Qafas Strateġiku tal-UE u tal-Ewwel Pjan ta' Azzjoni dwar id-Drittijiet tal-Bniedem u d-Demokrazija fl-2012 ikkostitwiet kisba importanti għall-UE fil-proċess biex tpoġġi d-drittijiet tal-bniedem u d-demokrazija fil-qalba tar-relazzjonijiet esterni tagħha; jilqa' b'sodisfazzjon l-adozzjoni mill-Kunsill, f'Lulju 2015, ta' Pjan ta' Azzjoni ġdid dwar id-Drittijiet tal-Bniedem u d-Demokrazija għall-2015-2019 u t-twettiq ta' rieżami ta' nofs it-terminu fl-2017; jistieden lill-VP/RGħ, lis-SEAE, lill-Kummissjoni, lill-Kunsill u lill-Istati Membri jiżguraw implimentazzjoni effiċjenti u koerenti tal-Pjan ta' Azzjoni attwali, anki permezz ta' kollaborazjoni reali mal-OSĊ; jenfasizza l-ħtieġa li l-Istati Membri jirrapportaw lura dwar kif implimentaw il-Pjan; jiġbed l-attenzjoni b'mod partikolari għall-importanza li tiżdied l-effikaċja u jiġi mmassimizzat l-impatt lokali tal-istrumenti użati biex jiġi promoss ir-rispett tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem u d-demokrazija mad-dinja kollha;

62.  Itenni l-opinjoni tiegħu li huma meħtieġa kunsens sod u koordinament imsaħħaħ bejn l-Istati Membri u l-istituzzjonijiet tal-UE, kif anki kollaborazzjoni reali mal-OSĊ fil-livell lokali, nazzjonali u internazzjonali, sabiex isir progress b'mod koerenti u konsistenti fl-aġenda tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem u d-demokrazija; jenfasizza bil-qawwa l-ħtieġa li l-Istati Membri jassumu sjieda akbar tal-implimentazzjoni tal-Pjan ta' Azzjoni u tal-Qafas Strateġiku tal-UE u jużawhom bħala pjan ta' azzjoni li fuqu jibbażaw il-promozzjoni tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem u d-demokrazija b'mod bilaterali u multilaterali;

63.  Jirrikonoxxi r-rwol ewlieni tar-RSUE għad-Drittijiet tal-Bniedem, is-Sur Lambrinidis, fit-tisħiħ tal-viżibbiltà u tal-effikaċja tal-UE fil-protezzjoni u l-promozzjoni tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem u tal-prinċipji demokratiċi fid-dinja kollha, u jenfasizza r-rwol tiegħu fil-promozzjoni tal-implimentazzjoni konsistenti u koerenti tal-politika tal-UE dwar id-drittijiet tal-bniedem; jilqa' b'sodisfazzjon il-proroga tal-mandat tar-RSUE sat-28 ta' Frar 2019 u jtenni t-talba tiegħu sabiex dan il-mandat isir permanenti; jirrakkomanda, f'dan ir-rigward, li r-RSUE jingħata setgħat ta' inizjattiva proprja, viżibbiltà pubblika akbar u riżorsi finanzjarji u ta' persunal adegwati biex jisfrutta l-potenzjal sħiħ tiegħu f'xogħlu; jirrakkomanda, barra minn hekk, li r-RSUE jżid it-trasparenza fl-attivitajiet, fil-pjanijiet, fir-rapporti ta' progress u fir-rieżamijiet tiegħu;

64.  Josserva li l-ħidma u l-impatt tar-RSUE għad-Drittijiet tal-Bniedem jistgħu jkunu biss parzjalment aċċessibbli permezz ta' rieżami tar-Rapport Annwali dwar id-Drittijiet tal-Bniedem, tal-kont tiegħu tal-midja soċjali u tad-diskorsi disponibbli;

65.  Jappoġġa bis-sħiħ l-istrateġiji tal-pajjiżi dwar id-drittijiet tal-bniedem, li jadattaw l-azzjoni tal-UE għas-sitwazzjoni u l-bżonnijiet speċifiċi ta' kull pajjiż; itenni l-appell tiegħu biex il-Membri tal-PE jingħataw aċċess għal kontenut strateġiku; jenfasizza b'mod qawwi l-importanza li jitqiesu l-istrateġiji tal-pajjiżi dwar id-drittijiet tal-bniedem fil-livelli kollha ta' tfassil tal-politika fir-rigward tal-pajjiżi terzi individwali; itenni li l-istrateġiji tal-pajjiżi dwar id-drittijiet tal-bniedem għandhom jikkorrispondu għal azzjonijiet tal-UE li għandhom jiġu implimentati f'kull pajjiż, skont is-sitwazzjonijiet speċifiċi li jistgħu jitkejlu, u għandhom jinkludu indikaturi ta' progress u l-possibbiltà li dawn jiġu adattati fejn meħtieġ;

66.  Jilqa' pożittivament in-nomina ta' punti fokali għad-drittijiet tal-bniedem u l-ugwaljanza tas-sessi mid-delegazzjonijiet kollha tal-UE u tal-missjonijiet tal-PSDK; ifakkar fir-rakkomandazzjoni tiegħu lill-VP/RGħ u lis-SEAE biex jiżviluppaw linji gwida operattivi ċari dwar ir-rwol tal-punti fokali fid-delegazzjonijiet, sabiex huma jkunu jistgħu jitjiebu, jaġixxu bħala konsulenti veri dwar id-drittijiet tal-bniedem u jwettqu xogħolhom b'mod effiċjenti;

67.  Jirrikonoxxi li d-djalogi mal-pajjiżi terzi rigward id-drittijiet tal-bniedem jistgħu jkunu strumenti effiċjenti għal impenn u kooperazzjoni bilaterali fil-promozzjoni u l-protezzjoni tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem; jilqa' favorevolment l-istabbiliment ta' djalogi dwar id-drittijiet tal-bniedem ma' għadd dejjem akbar ta' pajjiżi; ifaħħar u jinkoraġġixxi aktar l-involviment tas-soċjetà ċivili fid-djalogi preparatorji; itenni l-appell tiegħu għall-iżvilupp ta' mekkaniżmu komprensiv għall-monitoraġġ u r-rieżami tal-funzjonament tad-djalogi dwar id-drittijiet tal-bniedem;

68.  Ifakkar fl-impenn tal-UE li tqiegħed id-drittijiet tal-bniedem u d-demokrazija fiċ-ċentru tar-relazzjonijiet tagħha mal-pajjiżi terzi; jenfasizza, għaldaqstant, li l-progress tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem u tal-prinċipji demokratiċi, inklużi l-klawsoli ta' kundizzjonalità marbuta mad-drittijiet tal-bniedem fil-ftehimiet internazzjonali, irid jiġi appoġġat fil-politiki kollha tal-UE b'dimensjoni esterna, bħall-politiki tat-tkabbir tal-Unjoni u tal-viċinat, il-PSDK, u tal-ambjent, tal-iżvilupp, tas-sigurtà, tal-ġlieda kontra t-terroriżmu, tal-kummerċ, tal-migrazzjoni u tal-ġustizzja u l-affarijiet interni;

69.  Ifakkar li s-sanzjonijiet huma strument essenzjali tal-PESK; iħeġġeġ lill-Kunsill jadotta s-sanzjonijiet previsti fil-leġiżlazzjoni tal-UE kull meta jitqiesu neċessarji biex jintlaħqu l-objettivi tal-PESK, b'mod partikolari bil-għan li jiġu protetti d-drittijiet tal-bniedem u tiġi konsolidata u sostnuta d-demokrazija, filwaqt li jkun żgurat li ma jkollhomx impatt fuq il-popolazzjoni ċivili; jitlob li dawn is-sanzjonijiet ikunu mmirati lejn uffiċjali identifikati bħala responsabbli mill-ksur tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem bil-għan li jkunu kkastigati għad-delitti u għall-abbuż li wettqu;

70.  Jinnota l-isforzi tal-Kummissjoni biex tonora l-impenn tagħha li tinkludi dispożizzjonijiet dwar id-drittijiet tal-bniedem fil-valutazzjonijiet tal-impatt tagħha għal proposti leġiżlattivi u mhux leġiżlattivi, miżuri ta' implimentazzjoni u ftehimiet kummerċjali u ta' investiment; iħeġġeġ lill-Kummissjoni ttejjeb il-kwalità u komprensività tal-valutazzjonijiet tal-impatt u tiżgura l-inkorporazzjoni sistematika tal-kwistjonijiet tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem fit-test tal-proposti leġiżlattivi u mhux leġiżlattivi;

71.  Itenni l-appoġġ sħiħ tiegħu għal involviment qawwi tal-UE fil-promozzjoni tal-progress tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem u tal-prinċipji demokratiċi permezz ta' kooperazzjoni mal-istrutturi tan-NU u mal-aġenziji speċjalizzati tagħhom, mal-Kunsill tal-Ewropa, mal-Organizzazzjoni għas-Sigurtà u l-Kooperazzjoni fl-Ewropa (OSKE), mal-Organizzazzjoni għall-Kooperazzjoni u l-Iżvilupp Ekonomiċi (OECD), mal-organizzazzjonijiet reġjonali bħall-Assoċjazzjoni tan-Nazzjonijiet tax-Xlokk tal-Asja (ASEAN), mal-Assoċjazzjoni tal-Asja tan-Nofsinhar għall-Kooperazzjoni Reġjonali (SAARC), mal-Unjoni Afrikana u mal-Lega Għarbija, kif ukoll ma' organizzazzjonijiet oħrajn b'konformità mal-Artikoli 21 u 220 tat-TUE;

72.  Jenfasizza li sabiex jintlaħqu l-objettivi ambizzjużi stabbiliti fil-Pjan ta' Azzjoni l-ġdid, l-UE għandha talloka r-riżorsi u l-kompetenzi suffiċjenti, kemm f'termini ta' riżorsi umani speċifiċi fi ħdan id-delegazzjonijiet u s-sede ċentrali kif ukoll f'termini ta' fondi disponibbli;

73.  Itenni wkoll li l-involviment attiv u konsistenti tal-UE fil-mekkaniżmi kollha tan-NU dwar id-drittijiet tal-bniedem, b'mod partikolari t-Tielet Kumitat tal-Assemblea Ġenerali tan-NU u l-UNHRC, huwa ta' importanza kruċjali; jirrikonoxxi l-isforzi tas-SEAE, tad-delegazzjonijiet tal-UE f'New York u f'Ġinevra u tal-Istati Membri biex tiżdied il-koerenza tal-UE fil-kwistjonijiet tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem fil-livell tan-NU; iħeġġeġ lill-UE żżid l-isforzi tagħha biex issemma' leħinha, inkluż billi tintensifika l-implimentazzjoni li qed tiżdied ta' inizjattivi transreġjonali u billi tressaq riżoluzzjonijiet ma' pajjiżi oħra jew teħodhom f'idejha hi; jenfasizza l-ħtieġa li l-mexxejja tal-UE jkunu minn ta' quddiem fil-promozzjoni ta' riforma tan-NU bil-għan li jissaħħu l-impatt u l-qawwa ta' sistema multilaterali bbażata fuq ir-regoli, u li tiġi garantita protezzjoni aktar effiċjenti għall-ħarsien tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem u l-avvanz tad-dritt internazzjonali;

°

°  °

74.  Jagħti istruzzjonijiet lill-President tiegħu biex jgħaddi din ir-riżoluzzjoni lill-Kunsill, lill-Kummissjoni, lill-Viċi President tal-Kummissjoni/Rappreżentant Għoli tal-Unjoni għall-Affarijiet Barranin u l-Politika ta' Sigurtà, lir-Rappreżentant Speċjali tal-UE għad-Drittijiet tal-Bniedem, lill-gvernijiet u lill-parlamenti tal-Istati Membri, lill-Kunsill tas-Sigurtà tan-NU, lis-Segretarju Ġenerali tan-NU, lill-President tas-70 Assemblea Ġenerali tan-NU, lill-President tal-Kunsill tad-Drittijiet tal-Bniedem tan-NU, lill-Kummissarju Għoli tan-NU għad-Drittijiet tal-Bniedem u lill-Kapijiet tad-delegazzjonijiet tal-UE.

EXPLANATORY STATEMENT

Scrutiny towards an EU Human Rights cycle

The main aim of this report is to look at the human rights and democracy challenges in third countries and the parliamentary scrutiny of human rights in external policies for the year 2016. The rapporteur also seeks to clarify the cycle of human rights policy-making within the European Union. The rapporteur sees the role of Parliament as essential for the mainstreaming of human rights in the EU’s external policy.

The rapporteur will therefore

–  scrutinise and comment on the human rights policy of the European Union while keeping a clear focus on the year 2016,

–  give an overview of the actions of the European Parliament in the area of human rights including the awarding of the Sakharov Prize for 2016 and the urgency resolutions adopted,

–  take into account the mid-term review of the 2015-2019 Action Plan which has just been completed by the Council and the Commission and which accompanies the 10-year strategic framework, 2012-2022,

The European Union’s external action and Human Rights

The European Union is founded on a strong engagement to promote and protect human rights, democracy and the rule of law worldwide. Sustainable peace, development and prosperity cannot exist without respect for human rights. This commitment underpins all internal and external policies of the European Union. The European Union actively promotes and defends universal human rights within its borders and when engaging in relations with non-EU countries. Over the years, the EU has adopted important reference documents on the promotion and protection of human rights and developed a range of diplomatic and cooperation tools to support the worldwide advancement of human rights.

The Lisbon Treaty

The Lisbon Treaty places human rights and democracy at the heart of the external relations of the European Union by stating that

“The Union’s action on the international scene shall be guided by the principles which have inspired its own creation, development and enlargement, and which it seeks to advance in the wider world: democracy, the rule of law, the universality and indivisibility of human rights and fundamental freedoms, respect for human dignity, the principles of equality and solidarity, and respect for the principles of the United Nations Charter and international law. The Union shall seek to develop relations and build partnerships with third countries, and international, regional or global organisations which share the principles referred to in the first subparagraph. It shall promote multilateral solutions to common problems, in particular in the framework of the United Nations”. (Art 21(1) TEU)

The role of the Council and the HR/VP

Since the entry into force of the Lisbon Treaty, the external relations of the EU are mainly formulated and implemented by the High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy, who simultaneously serves as the Vice-President of the Commission. She is assisted by the European External Action Service (EEAS).

Strategic Framework on Human Rights 2012-2021 and Action Plans

In June 2012, the Council adopted a Strategic Framework on Human Rights and Democracy. The framework sets out the general human rights objectives of the EU. The framework defines the principles, objectives and priorities for improving the effectiveness and consistency of EU policy over ten years, 2012 - 2021. These principles include mainstreaming human rights into all EU policies.

The framework is operationalised by the periodic action plan, which accompanies the framework. This Action Plan sets concrete goals associated with timeframes and assigns relevant stakeholders. A first Action Plan for 2012-2014 was adopted which was then followed by a second action plan for 2015-2019. It builds upon the existing body of EU human rights and democracy support policies in the external action area, notably EU Guidelines, toolkits and other agreed positions, and the various external financing instruments. The current Action Plan contains 34 types of actions, which correspond to the following broader objectives: boosting ownership of local actors, addressing human rights challenges, ensuring a comprehensive human rights approach to conflict and crises, fostering better coherence and consistency and a more effective EU human rights and democracy support policy. A midterm review of the Action Plan has recently been adopted.

Human Rights Guidelines

EU Guidelines are not legally binding but they represent a strong political signal that they are priorities for the Union. Guidelines are pragmatic instruments of EU Human Rights policy and practical tools to help EU representations in the field better advance our Human Rights policy. There are 11 Guidelines.

ANNEX I: INDIVIDUAL CASES RAISED BY THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT

(JANUARY - DECEMBER 2016)

COUNTRY

Individual

BACKGROUND

ACTION TAKEN BY THE PARLIAMENT

BAHRAIN

 

 

Mohamed Ramadan

Ali Moosa

Mohammed Ramadan, a 32-year-old airport security guard, was arrested by the Bahraini authorities for allegedly taking part in a bombing in Al Dair on 14 February 2014, together with Ali Moosa, that killed a security officer and wounded several others.

 

A Bahraini court sentenced Ramadan and Moosa to death. However, both retracted their confession, claiming that they confessed after being tortured in the custody of the Criminal Investigations Directorate (CID). This sentence was upheld by the Court of Cassation, Bahrain’s highest court of appeal, in late 2015. A final date for the execution is still to be cleared.

In its Resolution of 4 February 2016, the European Parliament:

- Expresses its concern and disappointment over Bahrain’s return to the practice of capital punishment; calls for the reintroduction of the moratorium on the death penalty as a first step towards its abolition; calls on the Government of Bahrain, and in particular His Majesty Sheikh Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa, to grant Mohammed Ramadan a royal pardon or to commute his sentence;

- Condemns firmly the continuing use of torture and other cruel or degrading treatment or punishment against prisoners by the security forces; is extremely worried about the prisoners’ physical and mental integrity; Expresses its concern about the use of anti-terrorism laws in Bahrain to punish political beliefs and convictions and prevent citizens from pursuing political activities; Stresses the obligation to ensure that human rights defenders are protected and allowed to conduct their work without hindrance, intimidation or harassment;

Ali Salman

Zainab al-Khawaja

Nabeel Rajab

 

During 2016, Bahrain has intensified its campaign of repression and persecution of human rights defenders and political opposition, with the re-arrest of Nabeel Rajab, in relation to twitter posts published in 2015 and faces up to 13 years of prison charge. Poor prison conditions have brought him to hospital in numerous occasions. Equally, it forced Zainab Al-Khawaja into exile after threats of re-arrest.

 

Bahrain has also targeted opposition groups, such as the Al-Wefaq, whose head, Ali Salman, has been in prison since July 2015

In its resolution, adopted on 7 July 2016, the European Parliament:

- Expresses grave concern about the ongoing campaign of repression against human rights defenders, political opposition and civil society, as well as the restriction of fundamental democratic rights, notably the freedoms of expression, association and assembly, political pluralism and the rule of law in Bahrain; calls for an end to all acts of violence, harassment and intimidation, including at judicial level, and to the censorship of human rights defenders, political opponents, peaceful protesters and civil society actors by state authorities and the security forces and services;

- Calls for the immediate and unconditional release of Nabeel Rajab and other human rights defenders jailed on allegations relating to their rights to free expression, assembly, and association, and for all charges against them to be dropped; calls on the authorities to guarantee the physical and psychological integrity of Nabeel Rajab and to provide him with all necessary medical treatment;

- notes with concern the Bahraini Government’s suppression of legitimate political opposition, including the extension of Sheikh Ali Salman’s sentence, the suspension of the Al-Wefaq National Islamic Society and the freezing of its assets; calls for greater basic freedoms for all Bahraini citizens; insists on an immediate halt to the suppression of different political opinions in the country and the repression of their leading representatives, regardless of their political or religious affiliation;

BRAZIL

 

 

Simiao Vilharva

Clodiodi de Souza

The Guarani-Kaiowá people

According to official local data, in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, at least 400 indigenous people and 14 indigenous leaders have been murdered, including S. Vilharva and C. de Souza.

The Guarani-Kaiowá people is acutely affected by the poor and inadequate provision of appropriate health care, education and social services. At the same time, most of their lands are located in the Amazon region, and they are entitled by virtue of the Brazilian Constitution of 1988 and international legislations to their ancestral territories.

In its resolution of 24 November 2016, the European Parliament:

- Strongly condemns the violence perpetrated against the indigenous communities of Brazil; deplores the poverty and human rights situation of the Guarani-Kaiowá population in Mato Grosso do Sul;

- Calls on the Brazilian authorities to take immediate action to protect indigenous people’s security and to ensure that independent investigations are carried out into the murder and assault of indigenous people in their attempts to defend their human and territorial rights, so that the perpetrators can be brought to justice;

- Expresses concern about the proposed constitutional amendment 215/2000 (PEC 215), to which Brazilian indigenous peoples are fiercely opposed, given that, if approved, it will threaten indigenous land rights by making it possible for anti-Indian interests related to the agro-business, timber, mining and energy industries to block the new indigenous territories from being recognised;

CAMBODIA

 

 

Sam Rainsy

Kem Sokha

Hong Sok Hour

Pin Ratana

 

Sam Rainsy, the president of the leading opposition party, the CNRP, remains in self-emposed exile and faces trial in absentia, with the acting CNRP president, Kem Sokha, being under investigation. A senator from the opposition, Hong Sok Hour has been under arrest since August 2015.

In its resolution of 9 June 2016, the European Parliament:

- Expresses its deep concerns about the worsening climate for opposition politicians and human rights activists in Cambodia, and condemns all acts of violence, politically motivated charges, arbitrary detention, questioning, sentences and convictions in respect of these individuals;

- Urges the Cambodian authorities to revoke the arrest warrant for, and drop all charges against, opposition leader Sam Rainsy and CNRP members of the National Assembly and Senate, including Senator Hong Sok Hour; calls for the immediate release of the five human rights defenders still in preventive custody, namely Ny Sokha, Nay Vanda, Yi Soksan, Lim Mony and Ny Chakra, for these politicians, activists and human rights defenders to be allowed to work freely without fear of arrest or persecution, and for an end to political use of the courts to prosecute people on politically motivated and trumped-up charges; calls on the National Assembly to reinstate Sam Rainsy, Um Sam An and Hong Sok Hour immediately and to restore their parliamentary immunity;

- Urges the Cambodian authorities to drop all politically motivated charges and other criminal proceedings against ADHOC and other Cambodian human rights defenders, to cease all threats to apply repressive LANGO provisions, together with all other attempts to intimidate and harass human rights defenders and national and international organisations, and to release immediately and unconditionally all those jailed on politically motivated and trumped-up charges;

Ny Sokha, Nay Vanda and Yi Soksan, Ny Chakrya, Soen Sally, Ee Sarom, Thav Khimsan and Rong Chlun

Notable human rights advocates and staffers of national human rights organs and UN agencies are facing charges in politically motivated cases. This is also the case for trade union leaders, such as R. Chlun. This happens in a growing restrictive climate, as the promulgation of the Law on Associations and NGOs (LANGO) and that of the Law on Trade Unions tighten the space for these entities to act.

CHINA

 

 

Gui Minhai, Lui Bo, Zhang Zhiping, Lin Rongji and Lee Po

Gui Minhai, Lui Bo, Zhang Zhiping, Lin Rongji and Lee Po, associated with the publishing house Mighty Current and its bookstore, sold literary works critical of Beijing. They were allegedly abducted by China’s mainland authorities, from Hong Kong and other locations. In early January 2016, Gui Minhai released a media statement in mainland China, maintaining that the travelled voluntarily to mainland China, in what appeared to be a forced confession to an earlier conviction by China.

In the resolution of 04 February 2016, the European Parliament:

- Calls on the Chinese Government to report without delay any information relating to the missing booksellers, and to engage in immediate inclusive and transparent dialogue and communication on the matter between the mainland authorities and those in Hong Kong; notes as a positive development the communication from Lee Po and his reunification with his spouse;

- Expresses its concerns over allegations of mainland China’s law enforcement agencies operating in Hong Kong; recalls that it would be a violation of the Basic Law if mainland law enforcement agencies had been operating in Hong Kong; believes this would be inconsistent with the ‘one country, two systems’ principle; calls on China to respect the guarantees of autonomy granted to Hong Kong in the Basic Law.

Gui Minhai

Gui Minhai, a book publisher and shareholder of the publishing house and of a bookstore selling literary works critical of Beijing, disappeared in Pattaya, Thailand, on 17 October 2015 without trace. Between October and December 2015 four other Hong Kong residents (Lui Bo, Zhang Zhiping, Lam Wing-Kee and Lee Bo) who worked for the same bookstore also disappeared. Apart from Gui Minhai, the other four disappeared ones have returned to Hong kong. There is enough evidence to believe that Chinese authorities detained all detainees, forcing them to record fake confessions in front of TV cameras.

In its resolution of 24 November 2016, the European Parliament:

- Expresses its grave concern over the lack of knowledge of the whereabouts of Gui Minhai; calls for the immediate publication of detailed information on his whereabouts and calls for his immediate safe release and for him to be given the right to communication;

Larung Gar Tibetan Buddhist Academy

The Larung Gar Institute, the largest Tibetan Buddhist centre in the world founded in 1980, is currently facing extensive demolition by the Chinese Government with the objective of downsizing the academy by fifty percent, evicting around 4 600 residents by force and destroying around 1 500 dwellings. The evictees are to be forcibly enrolled in so-called ‘patriotic education’ exercises.

In its resolution of 15 December 2016, the European Parliament:

- Calls on the Chinese authorities to initiate a dialogue and to engage constructively on developments in Larung Gar with the local community and its religious leaders, and to address concerns regarding overcrowded religious institutes by allowing Tibetans to establish more institutes and build more facilities; calls for adequate compensation and the re-housing of Tibetans who have been evicted during the demolitions in Larung Gar at the place of their choice to continue their religious activities;

- Strongly condemns the imprisonment of Ilham Tohti who is serving a life sentence on alleged charges of separatism; deplores the fact that the due process of law was not respected and that he did not benefit from the right to a proper defence; urges the Chinese authorities to respect the norm of granting one visit per month for family members;

- Calls for the immediate and unconditional release of Ilham Tohti and of his supporters detained in relation to his case; further calls for Ilham Tohti’s teaching permit to be restored and for his free movement to be guaranteed within and outside China;

- Is worried about the adoption of the package of security laws and its impact on minorities in China, particularly the law on counter-terrorism that could lead to the penalisation of peaceful expression of Tibetan culture and religion and the law on the management of international NGOs which will come into effect on 1 January 2017 and will place human rights groups under the strict control of the government, as this constitutes a strictly top-down approach instead of encouraging partnership between local and central government and civil society;

Ilham Tohti

Uighur economics professor Ilham Tohti was sentenced to life imprisonment on 23 September 2014 on the charge of alleged separatism after being arrested in January of the same year. There are allegations that the due process of law was not respected, in particular with regard to the right to a proper defence.

In the Xinjiang region, in which the Muslim Uighur ethnic minority is mainly located, has experienced repeated outbreaks of ethnic unrest and violence. Ilham Tohti has always rejected separatism and violence and sought reconciliation based on respect for Uighur culture;

DJIBOUTI

 

 

Omar Ali Ewado

Omar Ali Ewado, was detained incommunicado from 29 December 2015 to 14 February 2016 for publishing a list of the victims of a massacre in which 27 people were killed and more than 150 wounded by the authorities at a cultural celebration in Buldugo on 21 December 2015 and those still missing.

In its resolution of 12 May 2016, the European Parliament:

- Deplores the killings carried out at the cultural ceremony on 21 December 2015 and the ensuing detentions and acts of harassment of human rights defenders and opposition members; expresses its condolences to the families of the victims and demands a full and independent inquiry with a view to identifying and bringing to justice those responsible; reiterates its condemnation of arbitrary detention and calls for the rights of the defence to be respected;

DRC

 

 

Fred Bauma, Yves Makwambala

F. Bauma and Y. Makwambala, human rights activists from the Filimbi (‘Whistle’) movement, were arrested for participating in a workshop intended to encourage Congolese young people to perform their civic duties peacefully and responsibly, were put in jail in May 2015. They were released on 23 August 2016 after a ruling by the Supreme Court of Justice.

In its resolution of 10 March 2016, the European Parliament:

- Expresses deep concern about the deteriorating security and human rights situation in the DRC, and in particular about the continual reports of increasing political violence and the severe restrictions and intimidation faced by human rights defenders, political opponents and journalists ahead of the upcoming electoral cycle; insists on the government’s responsibility to prevent any deepening of the current political crisis or escalation of violence and to respect, protect and promote the civil and political rights of its citizens;

- Strongly condemns any use of force against peaceful, unarmed demonstrators; recalls that freedom of expression, association and assembly is the basis of a dynamic political and democratic life; strongly condemns the increasing restrictions of the democratic space and the targeted repression of members of the opposition, civil society and the media; calls for the immediate and unconditional release of all political prisoners, including Yves Makwambala, Fred Bauma and other Filimbi and LUCHA activists and supporters, and the human rights defender Christopher Ngoyi;

EGYPT

 

 

Giulio Regeni

Giulio Regeni, a 28-year-old Italian doctoral student at Cambridge University, disappeared on 25 January 2016 after leaving his home in Cairo; his body was found on 3 February 2016 next to a road in the outskirts of Cairo. Giulio Regeni was conducting research in Egypt on trade union politics. According to the Italian ambassador to Cairo, G. Regeni was found to have been subjected to severe beating and torture

In its resolution of 10 March 2016, the European Parliament:

- Calls on the Egyptian authorities to provide the Italian authorities with all the documents and information necessary to enable a swift, transparent and impartial joint investigation into the case of Giulio Regeni in accordance with international obligations, and for every effort to be made to bring the perpetrators of the crime to justice as soon as possible;

- Underlines with grave concern that the case of Giulio Regeni is not an isolated incident, but that it occurred within a context of torture, death in custody and enforced disappearances across Egypt in recent years, in clear violation of Article 2 of the EU-Egypt Association Agreement, which states that the relations between the EU and Egypt are to be based on respect for democratic principles and fundamental human rights as set out in the Universal Declaration on Human Rights, which is an essential element of the agreement; calls, therefore, on the European External Action Service (EEAS) and the Member States to raise with the Egyptian authorities the routine practice of enforced disappearances and torture and to press for effective reform of Egypt’s security apparatus and judiciary;

ETHIOPIA

 

 

Bekele Gerba

B. Gerba, Deputy Chairman of the Oromo Federalist Congress (OFC), was arrested on 23 December 2015 and reportedly hospitalised shortly afterwards.

 

In its resolution of 21 January 2016, the European Parliament:

- Strongly condemns the recent use of excessive force by the security forces in Oromia and in all Ethiopian regions, and the increased number of cases of human rights violations; expresses its condolences to the families of the victims and urges the immediate release of all those jailed for exercising their rights to peaceful assembly and freedom of expression;

- Condemns the excessive restrictions placed on human rights work by the Charities and Societies Proclamation, which denies human rights organisations access to essential funding, endows the Charities and Societies Agency with excessive powers of interference in human rights organisations and further endangers victims of human rights violations by contravening principles of confidentiality;

 

Getachew Shiferaw, Yoanathan Teressa and Fikadu Mirkana

These leading activists were arbitrarily arrested, without the Ethiopian authorities presenting any charges when doing so.

 

Eskinder Nega, Temesghen Desalegn, Solomon Kebede, Yesuf Getachew, Woubshet Taye, Saleh Edris and Tesfalidet Kidane

Ethiopia continues to imprison journalists and opposition political party members for their views and opinions, with them having been convicted in unfair trials or are detained without charge.

 

Andargachew Tsege

The British-Ethiopian citizen and leader of an opposition party in exile was arrested in June 2014, after being condemned in absentia to death years earlier. He is still in the death row.

GAMBIA (The)

 

 

Solo Sandeng

Opposition leader and member of the United Democratic Party, was arrested on 14 April 2016 and died in detention shortly after his arrest in suspicious circumstances.

In its resolution of 12 May 2016, the European Parliament:

- Calls for the immediate release of all protestors arrested in relation to the 14 and 16 April 2016 protests; requests that the Government of the Republic of The Gambia ensure due process for any suspects detained on allegations of participating in the attempted unconstitutional change of government; calls on the authorities of The Gambia to guarantee the physical and psychological integrity of these suspects in all circumstances and to secure medical treatment for those injured without delay; expresses its concern regarding the testimonies of torture and ill-treatment of other prisoners;

Ousainou Darboe

O. Darboe was arrested and put in state custody, allegedly suffering from torture.

Alagie Abdoulie Ceesay, Ousman Jammeh, Sheikh Omar Colley, Imam Ousman Sawaneh and Imam Cherno Gassama

Director of the independent radio station Teranga FM, A.A. Ceesay, was arrested on 2 July 2015 by state authorities arbitrarily. The other individuals are former key political figures and religious personalities, and they have also suffered from arbitrary detention by state authorities.

HONDURAS

 

 

Berta Cáceres and Nelson García

On 3 March 2016 Berta Cáceres, a prominent environmentalist and indigenous rights leader and the founder of the Civic Council of Popular and Indigenous Organisations of Honduras (COPINH), was assassinated in her home by unidentified men. Shortly after, on 16 March 2016, Nelson García, also a member of COPINH, was murdered. Both human rights defenders had for many years had resisted the Agua Zacra hydroelectric dam in the Gualcarque River. The Honduran Government has been actively engaged in the investigation of both murderers. However, these deaths come to enlarge the list of human rights defenders killed between 2010 and 2016, amounting to 15 in late 2016.

In its resolution of 14 April 2016, the European Parliament:

- Condemns in the strongest terms the recent assassination of Berta Cáceres, Nelson García and Paola Barraza, as well as each of the earlier assassinations of other human rights defenders in Honduras; extends its sincere condolences to the families and friends of all of those human rights defenders;

- Calls, as a matter of urgency, for immediate, independent, objective and thorough investigations into these and previous murders in order to bring their intellectual and material authors to justice and to put an end to impunity; welcomes the fact that, at the request of the Honduran Government, the investigation into the murder of Ms Cáceres includes representatives of the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights and of the OAS; takes the view that instruments available within the framework of the UN and the IACHR, such as an independent international investigation, as requested by the victims, could help to ensure impartial and fair investigation of these murders;

- Expresses its deep concern at the climate of extreme violence, particularly against LGBTI people and those who defend their rights; stresses the need to carry out immediate, thorough and impartial investigations into the killings of active members of various LGBTI human rights organisations;

Paola Barraza

On 24 January 2016, Paola Barraza was murdered, who was a defender of LGBTI rights, a transexual woman and a member of the Arcoiris association. Her death increases the toll of other prominent LGBTI activists, amounting at least to seven in 2015, and at least 235 since 1994.

CHINA

 

 

Gui Minhai, Lui Bo, Zhang Zhiping, Lin Rongji and Lee Po

Gui Minhai, Lui Bo, Zhang Zhiping, Lin Rongji and Lee Po, associated with the publishing house Mighty Current and its bookstore, sold literary works critical of Beijing. They were allegedly abducted by China’s mainland authorities, from Hong Kong and other locations. In early January 2016, Gui Minhai released a media statement in mainland China, maintaining that the travelled voluntarily to mainland China, in what appeared to be a forced confession to an earlier conviction by China.

In the resolution of 04 February 2016, the European Parliament:

- Calls on the Chinese Government to report without delay any information relating to the missing booksellers, and to engage in immediate inclusive and transparent dialogue and communication on the matter between the mainland authorities and those in Hong Kong; notes as a positive development the communication from Lee Po and his reunification with his spouse;

- Expresses its concerns over allegations of mainland China’s law enforcement agencies operating in Hong Kong; recalls that it would be a violation of the Basic Law if mainland law enforcement agencies had been operating in Hong Kong; believes this would be inconsistent with the ‘one country, two systems’ principle; calls on China to respect the guarantees of autonomy granted to Hong Kong in the Basic Law.

INDIA

 

 

35 crew members, among which Estonians and Britons

On 12 October 2013 the 35-strong crew (including 14 Estonians and 6 Britons, as well as Indians and Ukrainians) of the US-based, Sierra Leone-flagged and privately owned ship the MV Seaman Guard Ohio were arrested in Tamil Nadu state (India) and charged with illegally possessing weapons in Indian waters. Despite attempts to drop the charges against them, the Supreme Court ordered the trial to proceed, which on 12 January 2016 sentenced the 35 sailors to a maximum of five years prison term and a fine of INR 3 000 (EUR 40).

In its resolution of 21 January 2016, the European Parliament:

- Calls on the Indian authorities to ensure that the case of the MV Seaman Guard Ohio crew is dealt with on a basis of full respect for the human and legal rights of the defendants, in line with the obligations enshrined in the various human rights charters, treaties and conventions that India has signed up to.

 

IRAQ

 

 

Yazidi and other minorities

August 2014 ISIS/Daesh attacked Yazidi communities around Sinjar city in Iraq’s Nineveh province, reportedly killing thousands. Several mass graves were found after Kurdish forces retook areas north of Mount Sinjar by December 2014. When the Kurdish forces retook Sinjar city in mid-November 2015, additional killing sites and apparent mass graves were discovered.

The European Parliament recognised on 4 February 2016 that ISIS/Daesh is committing genocide against Christians and Yazidis, among other minorities, which amount to war crimes, crimes against humanity and genocide.

In its resolution of 15 December 2016, the European Parliament:

- Strongly appeals to the international community, in particular to the UN Security Council, to consider the reported mass graves in Iraq as further evidence of genocide and to refer ISIS/Daesh to the International Criminal Court (ICC);

- Is particularly alarmed by the situation of women and children in the conflict, in particular the Yazidi women and children who are victims of persecution, executions, torture, sexual exploitation and other atrocities; insist that a full range of medical services should be made available, in particular for rape victims; calls, as a matter of urgency, for the EU and its Members States to work closely with the World Health Organisation (WHO) and to support it to this end; calls for the immediate release of all women and children who remain captives of ISIS/Daesh.

KAZAKHSTAN

 

 

Guzal Baidalinova and Yulia Kozlova

In December 2015 the Kazakh authorities detained Guzal Baidalinova, a journalist and the owner of the Nakanune.kz online news site, in connection with a criminal case on charges of ‘deliberately publishing false information’. On 29 February 2016 a court acquitted journalist Yulia Kozlova, who also writes for Nakanune.kz.

In its resolution of 10 March 2016, the European Parliament:

- Expresses its concerns about the climate for media and free speech in Kazakhstan; is very concerned about the pressure on independent media outlets and the possible negative implications of new draft legislation on the funding of civil society organisations; points out that freedom of speech for independent media, bloggers and individual citizens is a universal value that cannot be bargained away;

- Regrets the indiscriminate blocking of news, social media and other websites on the grounds that they feature unlawful content, and calls on the Kazakh authorities to ensure that any measure to restrict access to internet resources is based on law; is concerned about the amendments to the Communications Law adopted in 2014;

- Calls on the Kazakh authorities to quash the convictions of bloggers, including Ermek Narymbaev, Serikzhan Mambetalin and Bolatbek Blyalov; calls for the release of Guzal Baidalinova; calls for an end to the harassment of Seytkazy and Aset Matayev; points out, in this connection, that cases involving journalists should be public and that there should be no harassment during the proceedings;

- Is deeply worried about the disrespect and violation of prisoners’ rights in Kazakhstan’s prison system; is concerned about the physical and mental well-being of prisoners Vladimir Kozlov, Vadim Kuramshin (who won the Ludovic Trarieux International Human Rights Prize 2013) and Aron Atabek, who have been convicted on political grounds, and demands that they receive immediate access to necessary medical treatment and are allowed regular visits, including by family members, legal representatives and representatives of human rights and prisoners’ rights organisations;

 

Seytkazy Matayev and Aset Matayev

The head of the National Press Club and journalists’ union, Seytkazy Matayev, underwent a criminal investigation accused of corruption of public funds.

Ermek Narymbaev and Serikzhan Mambetalin, Bolatbek Blyalov

Ermek Narymbaev and Serikzhan Mambetalin were convcited on 22 January 2016 on charges of ‘inciting national discord’ to three years and two years in prison respectively. Bolatbek Blyalov was put under limited house arrest on similar grounds

Vladimir Kozlov, Vadim Kuramshin and Aron Atabek

V. Kozlov, C. Kuramshin and A. Atabek, human rights defenders and lawyers, were convicted on political grounds, and are being deprived of their rights as prisoners.

MALAWI

 

 

Persons with albanism

PWA are facing some of the most extreme forms of persecution and human rights violations, ranging from widespread societal discrimination, verbal abuse and exclusion from public services to killings, abductions, rape and mutilations; whereas human rights observers reported 448 attacks on albinos in 2015 alone across 25 African countries.

It is highly likely that these numbers are underestimated as the authorities do not systematically monitor and document such crimes or lack the capacity and resources to conduct thorough investigations.

In its resolution of 7 July 2017, the European Parliament:

- Expresses its deep concern at the continuous and widespread discrimination and persecution faced by persons with albinism in Africa, in particular following the recent rise in violence in Malawi; strongly condemns all killings, abductions, mutilations and other inhuman and degrading treatment suffered by PWA and expresses its condolences and solidarity to the families of the victims; condemns also any speculative trading in PWA’s body parts;

- Deplores the silence and inertia surrounding these events; recalls that the primary responsibility of a state is to protect its citizens, including vulnerable groups, and urges the Government of Malawi and the authorities of all the countries affected to take all the necessary measures to eliminate all forms of violence and discrimination against PWA and protect their dignity, human rights and well-being, as well as those of their family members.

MYANMAR

 

 

The Rohingya people

Approximately one million Rohingya are one of the world’s most persecuted minorities, and have been officially stateless since the 1982 Burmese Citizenship Law. The Rohingya are unwanted by the Myanmar authorities and by neighbouring countries, although some of the latter host large refugee populations.

The UN High Commissioner for Human Rights Zeid Ra’ad Al Hussein, in his report of 20 June 2016, described the continued serious rights violations against the Rohingya, including arbitrary deprivation of nationality, which renders them stateless, severe restriction of freedom of movement, threats to life and security, denial of the rights to health and education, forced labour, sexual violence and limitations on their political rights, ‘which may amount to crimes against humanity’.

In its resolution of 7 July 2016, the European Parliament:

- Reiterates its deepest concern about the plight of Rohingya refugees in South-East Asia and calls for regional and international mobilisation to provide them with urgent assistance in their extremely vulnerable situation; expresses its condolences to the families of victims of human traffickers, violence and lack of protection from official authorities in destination countries;

- Calls on the Government of Myanmar to safeguard the Rohingya people from any form of discrimination and to end impunity for violations against the Rohingya; recalls the long-overdue statement of 18 May 2015 by the spokesperson for Ms Suu Kyi’s party, the NLD, that the Government of Myanmar should grant citizenship to the Rohingya minority; calls on Ms Suu Kyi, a winner of the Sakharov Prize, to use her key positions in the Government of Myanmar to improve the situation of the Rohingya minority.

The Rohingya people

On 9 October 2016 gunmen attacked three police outposts near the Bangladesh border, leaving nine police officers dead and many weapons missing; whereas the Government of Myanmar claimed the gunmen were Rohingya militiamen and, following this, declared Maungdaw district an ‘operation zone’ with curfews and other severe restrictions, including for journalists and outside observers, who are not allowed to access the area.

According to human rights organisations, local sources report serious human rights abuses by government forces in the so-called operation zone. The Government of Myanmar has reported the deaths of 69 alleged militants and 17 members of the security forces, a claim which cannot be independently verified due to access restrictions.

In its resolution of 15 December 2016, the European Parliament:

- Is extremely concerned about the reports of violent clashes in northern Rakhine State and deplores the loss of lives, livelihoods and shelter and the reported disproportionate use of force by the armed forces of Myanmar; confirms that the Myanmar authorities have a duty to investigate the 9 October 2016 attacks and prosecute those responsible, but that this must be done in accordance with human rights standards and obligations;

- Recommends that the governments of the countries that cope with the influx of Rohingya refugees cooperate closely with the UNHCR, which has the technical expertise to screen for refugee status and the mandate to protect refugees and stateless people; urges those countries to respect the principle of non-refoulement and not to push the Rohingya refugees back, at least until a satisfactory and dignified solution for their situation has been found; calls in particular upon Bangladesh to allow the entry of Rohingya refugees, whilst acknowledging the efforts already made by Bangladesh to host several hundred thousand refugees.

NIGERIA

 

 

Victims of Boko Haram

Boko Haram killed at least 8 200 civilians in 2014 and 2015. It is estimated that more than 2,6 million people have been displaced and more than 14,8 million affected by the Boko Haram insurgency.

Around 270 schoolgirls were abducted by Boko Haram on 14-15 April 2014 from a school in Chibok, north-east Nigeria, and whereas the majority are still missing. It is feared that most were forced to either marry insurgents or to become insurgents themselves, subjected to sexual violence or sold into slavery, and non-Muslim girls were forced to convert to Islam. Boko Haram has abducted more than 2 000 women and girls since 2009, including around 400 from Damasak in Borno state on 24 November 2014.

In its resolution of 14 April 2016, the European Parliament:

- Strongly condemns the recent violence and attacks by Boko Haram, and calls on the Federal Government to protect its population and address the root causes of the violence by ensuring equal rights for all citizens, including by addressing the issues of inequality, control of fertile farmlands, unemployment and poverty; rejects any violent retaliation in breach of humanitarian law perpetrated by the Nigerian military; welcomes, however, the Nigerian Army’s ‘Safe Corridor’ programme designed to rehabilitate Boko Haram fighters;

- Calls on the Nigerian Government to develop a comprehensive strategy that addresses the root causes of terrorism, and to investigate, as promised, evidence that the Nigerian military might have committed human rights violations; welcomes the Abuja Security Summit, to take place in May 2016, and calls on all stakeholders to identify concrete, viable solutions to fight terrorism without sacrificing respect for human rights and democracy; further underlines the importance of regional cooperation in addressing the threat posed by Boko Haram;

PAKISTAN

 

 

Asia Bibi

Asia Bibi has been charged with a blasphemy crime and sentenced to death. Her case is embedded in a more general atmosphere of lack of freedom of religion and belief, where Christians and other minorities face not only persecution by extremists, but also legal discrimination, in particular through Pakistan’s blasphemy laws, which are discriminatory and are widely misused by those with personal and political motives.

Certain student unions at the universities and the Khatm-e-Nubuwwat Lawyers’ Forum, are reportedly the driving force behind the rise in prosecutions for blasphemy charges in the Pakistani courts and is against any attempts by legislators to reform the relevant law.

In its resolution of 14 April 2016, the European Parliament:

- Expresses deep concern at the systemic and grave violations of freedom of religion and belief in Pakistan; stresses the importance of respect for the fundamental rights of all religious and ethnic minorities living in Pakistan so that they can continue to live in dignity, equality and safety, and practise their religion in complete freedom without any kind of coercion, discrimination, intimidation or harassment, in accordance with the founding principles of Pakistan;

 

PHILIPPINES (The)

 

 

Victims of the war on drugs

During his election campaign and first days in office, President Duterte repeatedly urged law enforcement agencies and the public to kill suspected drug traffickers who did not surrender, as well as drug users.

Figures released by the Philippine National Police show that from 1 July to 4 September 2016 police killed over a thousand suspected drug pushers and users, and whereas further police statistics attribute the killing of over a thousand alleged drug dealers and users in the past two months to unknown gunmen; whereas, as reported by Al Jazeera, more than 15 000 drug suspects have been arrested, mostly on the basis of hearsay and allegations put forward by fellow citizens, and whereas almost 700 000 have surrendered ‘voluntarily’ to police and registered for treatment under the Tokhang programme in order to avoid being targeted by police or vigilantes.

In its resolution of 15 September 2016, the European Parliament:

- Understands that in the Philippines millions of people are negatively affected by the high level of drug addiction and its consequences; expresses its strongest concerns, however, at the extraordinarily high numbers killed during police operations and by vigilante groups in the context of an intensified anti-crime and anti-drug campaign targeting drug dealers and users, and urges the Government of the Philippines to put an end to the current wave of extrajudicial executions and killings;

- Urges the Philippine Government to condemn the actions of vigilante groups and to investigate their responsibility for the killings; urges the Philippine authorities to conduct an immediate, thorough, effective and impartial investigation in order to identify all those responsible, to bring them before a competent and impartial civil tribunal and to apply the penal sanctions provided for by the law.

RUSSIA

 

 

Ildar Dadin

In early December 2015 the Russian opposition activist Ildar Dadin was sentenced to three years in jail after organising a series of peaceful anti-war protests and assemblies, being the first person in Russia to be convicted under a tough public assembly law adopted in 2014.

Ildar Dadin was sentenced to two years and a half on appeal, and has reporterdly suffered repeated torture, beatings, inhumane treatment and threats of murder at the hands of the Russian authorities.

The number of political prisoners in Russia has significantly increased in recent years, which was in November 2016 of 102, according to the Memorial Human Rights Centre. At the same time, Russia is severely tightening its control and repression over human rights organisations.

In its resolution of 24 November 2016, the European Parliament:

- Urges the Russian authorities to conduct a thorough and transparent investigation of the allegations made by Ildar Dadin of torture and ill-treatment, with the participation of independent human rights experts; calls for an independent investigation into the allegations of torture, abuse and degrading and inhumane treatment on the part of state officials in Russian detention facilities, labour camps and prisons;

- Reminds Russia of the importance of full compliance with its international legal obligations, as a member of the Council of Europe and the Organisation for Security and Cooperation in Europe, and with fundamental human rights and the rule of law as enshrined in various international treaties and agreements that Russia has signed and is party to; underlines that the Russian Federation can be considered a reliable partner in the sphere of international cooperation only if it keeps up its obligations under international law; in this regard, expresses its concern over the presidential decree withdrawing Russia from the Rome Statute of the ICC;

RWANDA

 

 

Victoire Ingabire

On 30 October 2012 Victoire Ingabire, President of the Unified Democratic Forces (UDF), was sentenced to eight years’ imprisonment for conspiracy to harm the authorities using terrorism, and for minimising the 1994 genocide, on the basis of relations with the Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Rwanda (FDLR).

In September 2016 a delegation from the European Parliament was denied access to jailed opposition leader Victoire Ingabire.

Human rights organisations have denounced the first-instance trial of Victoire Ingabire, as serious irregularities were observed and she was treated unfairly. In its report, Amnesty International points to prejudicial public statements made by the Rwandan President in advance of her trial, and a reliance on confessions from detainees in Camp Kami where torture is alleged to be used.

In 2015, Ms Ingabire appealed to the African Court on Human and Peoples’ Rights, accusing the Rwandan Government of violating her rights. In March 2015, Rwanda withdrew from the jurisdiction of the African Court, claiming that Rwanda’s courts were capable of dealing with all local cases. On year later, the Rwandan Government withdrew its declaration allowing individuals to file complaints directly with the African Court on Human and Peoples’ Rights, only days before judges were to hear a case brought against the Rwandan Government by Victoire Ingabire.

In its resolution of 6 October 2016, the European Parliament:

- Strongly condemns politically motivated trials, the prosecution of political opponents and the prejudging of the outcome of the trial; urges the Government of Rwanda to extend economic and social achievements to the field of human rights in order to fully move towards a modern and inclusive democracy; urges the Rwandan authorities to ensure that Victoire Ingabire’s appeal process is fair and meets the standards set under Rwandan and international law; underlines that trials and the charges brought against accused persons cannot be based on vague and imprecise laws, and the misuse thereof, as is occurring in the case of Victoire Ingabire;

- Expresses its deep concerns at the Rwandan Supreme Court’s denial of appeal and judgement sentencing Victoire Ingabire to 15 years’ imprisonment and at the worsening conditions of her detention; believes that the appeal process conducted in Rwanda did not meet international standards, including Ms Ingabire’s right to presumption of innocence;

- Stresses that Rwanda’s withdrawal in March 2016 from the jurisdiction of the African Court on Human and Peoples’ Rights (ACHPR) just a few days prior to the hearing of the appeal case by Ms Ingabire is circumstantial and is aimed at limiting the direct access of individuals and NGOs to the Court;

- Urges the Rwandan authorities to step up their efforts to investigate the cases of Illuminée Iragena, John Ndabarasa, Léonille Gasangayire and other individuals who are feared to have been forcibly disappeared, to reveal their whereabouts and release or try them, if they are in detention, as well as to ensure the fairness of the trials of actual or suspected government opponents or critics, including those of Frank Rusagara, Joel Mutabazi, Kizito Mihigo and their respective co-accused;

Illuminée Iragena and Léonille Gasengayire

FDU-Inkingi, V. Ingabire’s party, is not able to register as a political party and several of its members were threatened, arrested or detained, including Illuminée Iragena and Léonille Gasengayire

SUDAN

 

 

Khalfálah Alafif Muktar, Arwa Ahmed Elrabie, Al-Hassan Kheiry, Imani-Leyla Raye, Abu Hureira Abdelrahman, Al-Baqir Al-Afif Mukhtar, Midhat Afifadeen and Mustafa Adam

On 29 February 2016 the NISS brutally raided the Khartoum Centre for Training and Human Development (TRACKS), a civil society organisation, following which the director Khalfálah Alafif Muktar and activists Arwa Ahmed Elrabie, Al-Hassan Kheiry, Imani-Leyla Raye, Abu Hureira Abdelrahman, Al-Baqir Al-Afif Mukhtar, Midhat Afifadeen and Mustafa Adam were arrested and charged with criminal conspiracy and waging war against the state, charges which carry the death penalty.

In its resolution of 6 October 2016, the European Parliament:

- Condemns the arbitrary arrest and detention of activists and the ongoing detention of human rights defenders and journalists in Sudan; urges the Government of Sudan to guarantee the peaceful exercise of the freedoms of expression, association and assembly; underlines that the National Dialogue will only succeed if carried out in an atmosphere in which the freedoms of expression, media, association and assembly are guaranteed;

- Reaffirms that freedom of religion, conscience or belief is a universal human right that needs to be protected everywhere and for everyone; demands that the Sudanese Government repeal any legal provisions that penalise or discriminate against individuals for their religious beliefs, especially in the case of apostasy and especially concerning Czech Christian aid worker Petr Jašek, Sudanese pastors Hassan Abduraheem Kodi Taour, Kuwa Shamal and Darfuri graduate student Abdulmonem Abdumawla Issa Abdumawla.

Petr Jašek, Hassan Abduraheem Kodi Taour, Kuwa Shamal and Abdulmonem Abdumawla Issa Abdumawla

Petr Jašek, Hassan Abduraheem Kodi Taour, Kuwa Shamal and Abdulmonem Abdumawla Issa Abdumawla were detained and faced trial on charges of highlighting alleged Christian suffering in war-ravaged areas of Sudan.

TAJIKISTAN

 

 

Abubakr Azizkhodzhaev, Zaid Saidov, Umarali Kuvatov and Maksud Ibragimov

Abubakr Azizkhodzhaev was detained in February 2016 after raising critical concerns about corrupt business practices. Zaid Saidov was sentenced to 29 years in prison in prosecutions linked to his having run for office in the November 2013 presidential elections. Umarali Kuvatov was killed in Istanbul in March 2015 and Maksud Ibragimov was stabbed and kidnapped in Russia before being returned to Tajikistan and sentenced in July 2015 to 17 years’ imprisonment.

In its resolution of 9 June 2016, the European Parliament:

- Calls for the release of all those imprisoned on politically motived charges, including Abubakr Azizkhodzhaev, Zaid Saidov, Maksud Ibragimov, IRPT deputy leaders Mahmadali Hayit and Saidumar Hussaini, and 11 other IRPT members;

- Urges the Tajik authorities to quash the convictions of, and to release, attorneys and lawyers, including Buzurgmehr Yorov, Nodira Dodajanova, Nuriddin Mahkamov, Shukhrat Kudratov and Firuz and Daler Tabarov;

- Urges the authorities of Tajikistan to give defence attorneys and political figures fair, open and transparent trials, to provide substantive protections and procedural guarantees in accordance with Tajikistan’s international obligations and to authorise the reinvestigation by international organisations of all reported violations of human rights and dignity; calls for all those imprisoned or detained to be granted access to independent legal services, together with the right to meet their family members regularly; recalls that, for every sentence issued, clear evidence must be presented to justify the criminal charges brought against the defendant.

Mahmadali Hayit, Saidumar Hussaini, Buzurgmehr Yorov, Nodira Dodajanova, Nuriddin Mahkamov, Shukhrat Kudratov and Firuz and Daler Tabarov

Tajikistan’s political opposition have been systematically targeted; In September 2015 the Islamic Renaissance Party of Tajikistan (IRPT) was banned after being linked to a failed coup earlier that month.

On 2 June 2016 the Supreme Court in Dushanbe sentenced Mahmadali Hayit and Saidumar Hussaini, deputy leaders of the banned IRPT, to life imprisonment on charges of having been behind an attempted coup in 2015.

Several lawyers who applied to act as defence attorneys for IRPT defendants have received death threats and have been arrested, detained and imprisoned; whereas the arrests of Buzurgmehr Yorov, Nodira Dodajanova, Nuriddin Mahkamov, Shukhrat Kudratov and Firuz and Daler Tabarov raise major concerns about compliance with international standards relating to the independence of lawyers, closed trials and limited access to legal representation.

THAILAND

 

 

Andy Hall

The workers’ rights defender Mr Andy Hall, an EU citizen, was sentenced on 20 September 2016 to a three-year suspended jail term and fined THB 150 000 after contributing to a report by Finnish NGO Finnwatch exposing labour rights violations in a Thai pineapple processing plant, Natural Fruit Company Ltd.

Andy Hall was formally indicted for criminal defamation and a computer crime relating to the online publication of the report, and whereas Mr Hall’s two criminal cases were allowed to proceed through the Thai judicial system.

On 18 September 2015 the Prakanong Court in Bangkok, ruling in favour of Mr Hall, upheld the dismissal of the other criminal defamation proceedings brought against him, which have been appealed by Natural Fruit Company Ltd and the Thai Attorney General and which are currently before the Supreme Court

In its resolution of 6 October 2016, the European Parliament:

- Calls on the Thai Government to take all necessary measures to ensure that the rights – including the right to a fair trial – of Mr Hall and other human rights defenders are respected and protected, and to create an enabling environment conducive to the enjoyment of human rights and, specifically, to ensure that the promotion and protection of human rights are not criminalised;

- Calls on the Thai authorities to ensure that the country’s defamation laws are compliant with the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR), to which it is a state party, and also to revise the Computer Crime Act, the current wording of which is too vague.

UKRAINE

 

 

Crimean Tatars

The Russian Federation has illegally annexed Crimea and Sevastopol and therefore violated international law, including the UN Charter, the Helsinki Final Act, the 1994 Budapest Memorandum and the 1997 Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation and Partnership between the Russian Federation and Ukraine.

Targeted abuses have been registered against the Tatar community, the majority of which opposed the Russian takeover and boycotted the so-called referendum on 16 March 2014, particularly through the enforcement of Russia’s vague and overly broad ‘antiextremist’ legislation to intimidate or silence critics; whereas these abuses include abduction, forced disappearance, violence, torture and extrajudicial killings that the de facto authorities have failed to investigate and prosecute

In its resolution of 4 February 2016, the European Parliament:

- Condemns the severe restrictions on the freedoms of expression, association and peaceful assembly, including at traditional commemorative events such as the anniversary of the deportation of the Crimean Tatars by Stalin’s totalitarian Soviet Union regime and cultural gatherings of the Crimean Tatars; stresses that, in line with international law, the Tatars, as an indigenous people of Crimea, have the right to maintain and strengthen their distinct political, legal, economic, social and cultural institutions; calls for respect for the Mejlis as the legitimate representation of the Crimean Tatar community, and for avoidance of any harassment and systematic persecution of its members; expresses concern at the infringement of their property rights and liberties, their intimidation and incarceration, and disrespect of their civic, political and cultural rights; notes with equal concern the restrictive re-registration requirements for media outlets, as well as for civil society organisations;

- Calls on the Russian Federation authorities and the de facto authorities in Crimea, which are bound by international humanitarian law and international human rights law, to grant unimpeded access to Crimea for international institutions and independent experts from the OSCE, the United Nations and the Council of Europe, as well as for any human rights NGOs or news media outlets that wish to visit, assess and report on the situation in Crimea; calls on the Council and the EEAS to put pressure on Russia in this regard; welcomes the decision of the Secretary General of the Council of Europe to send his Special Representative for Human Rights to Crimea, as this was the first visit following the Russian annexation and is expected to provide a fresh assessment of the situation on the ground; looks forward to his findings; stresses that any international presence on the ground should be coordinated with Ukraine;

Crimean Tatars

On 26 April 2016 the so-called Supreme Court of Crimea ruled in favour of a request by the so-called Prosecutor-General of Crimea, Natalia Poklonskaya, accusing the Mejlis, which had been the representative body of the Crimean Tatars since its establishment in 1991 and had enjoyed full legal status since May 1999, of extremism, terrorism, human rights violations, illegal actions and acts of sabotage against the authorities

The Mejlis has now been declared an extremist organisation and included in the Russian Justice Ministry’s list of NGOs whose activities must be suspended. The activities of the Mejlis have consequently been banned in Crimea and in Russia.

The decision of the so-called Prosecutor-General and so-called Supreme Court of Crimea are intrinsic parts of the policy of repression and intimidation on the part of the Russian Federation, which is punishing this minority for its loyalty towards the Ukrainian state during the illegal annexation of the peninsula in 2014.

In its resolution of 12 May 2016, the European Parliament:

- Strongly condemns the decision of the so-called Supreme Court of Crimea to ban the Mejlis of the Crimean Tatar People, and demands its immediate reversal; considers this decision to constitute systemic and targeted persecution of the Crimean Tatars, and to be a politically motivated action aimed at further intimidating the legitimate representatives of the Tatar community; stresses the importance of this democratically elected decision-making body representing the Crimean Tatar people;

- Points out that the ban on the Mejlis of the Crimean Tatar People, which is the legitimate and recognised representative body of the indigenous people of Crimea, will provide fertile ground for stigmatising the Crimean Tatars, further discriminating against them and violating their human rights and basic civil liberties, and is an attempt to expel them from Crimea, which is their historical motherland; is concerned that the branding of the Mejlis as an extremist organisation may lead to additional charges in accordance with provisions of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation;

- Recalls that the banning of the Mejlis means that it will be prohibited from convening, publishing its views in the mass media, holding public events or using bank accounts; calls for the EU to provide financial support for the activities of the Mejlis while it is in exile; calls for increased financing for human rights organisations working on behalf of Crimea;

 

VIETNAM

 

 

Lê Thu Hà, Nguyễn

Văn Đài, Trần Minh Nhật, Trần Huỳnh Duy Thức, Thích Quảng Độ,

Vietnamese lawyer and human rights activist, Lê Thu Hà, was arrested on 16 December 2015, at the same time as a prominent fellow human rights lawyer, Nguyễn Văn Đài, who was arrested for conducting propaganda against the state.

On 22 February 2016 human rights defender Trần Minh Nhật was attacked by a police officer at his home in Lâm Hà district, Lâm Đồng Province. Trần Huỳnh Duy Thức, who was imprisoned in 2009 after a trial with no meaningful defence, received a sentence of 16 years followed by five years under house arrest. There is serious concern for the deteriorating health of Buddhist dissident Thích Quảng Độ, who was currently under house arrest.

In its resolution of 9 June 2016, the European Parliament:

- Calls on the Government of Vietnam to put an immediate stop to all harassment, intimidation, and persecution of human rights, social and environmental activists; insists that the government respect these activists’ right to peaceful protest and release anyone still wrongfully held; asks for the immediate release of all activists who have been unduly arrested and imprisoned such as Lê Thu Hà, Nguyễn Văn Đài, Trần Minh Nhật, Trần Huỳnh Duy Thức and Thích Quảng Độ;

- Condemns the conviction and harsh sentencing of journalists and bloggers in Vietnam such as Nguyễn Hữu Vinh and his colleague Nguyễn Thị Minh Thúy, and Đặng Xuân Diệu, and calls for their release;

- Deplores the continuing violations of human rights in Vietnam, including political intimidation, harassment, assaults, arbitrary arrests, heavy prison sentences and unfair trials, perpetrated against political activists, journalists, bloggers, dissidents and human rights defenders, both on- and offline, in clear violation of Vietnam’s international human rights obligations;

Kim Quốc Hoa

The former editor-in-chief of the newspaper Người Cao Tuổi, had his journalist’s licence revoked in early 2015 and was later prosecuted under Article 258 of the criminal code for abusing democratic freedoms, after the newspaper exposed a number of corrupt officials.

ZIMBABWE

 

 

Promise Mkwananzi and Linda Masarira

In May 2016 thousands of demonstrators – informal traders, unemployed young people and, now, professional people – have taken to the streets in a number of urban centres across Zimbabwe to protest against job losses, mass unemployment and the government’s failure to meet people’s basic economic expectations, namely a labour market that provides jobs, a public workforce that is paid on time, a trustworthy stable currency and an affordable price regime.

The protest movement led by clergyman Evan Mawarire, using the hashtag #ThisFlag, has drawn support from churches and the middle class, which had hitherto tended to steer clear of street politics.

On 6 July 2016 the opposition movement #ThisFlag called for a national ‘stay-away’ day in protest against the government’s inaction against corruption, impunity and poverty. This resulted in a massive shutdown of most shops and businesses in the capital and led to a severe crackdown by the authorities.

Promise Mkwananzi, the leader of #Tajamuka, a social movement linked to the July stay-away, who was arrested and charged for inciting public violence, has been released on bail. #Tajamuka activist, Linda Masarira, was arrested during the protest in July 2016.

In its resolution of 15 September 2016, the European Parliament:

- Expresses serious concern about the increase in violence against demonstrators in Zimbabwe in recent months; notes with alarm the recently announced one-month ban on demonstrations; calls on the government and all parties in Zimbabwe to respect the right to demonstrate peacefully in order to address genuine concerns, and urges the Zimbabwean authorities to investigate allegations of excessive use of force and other human rights abuses by elements within the Zimbabwe police, and to hold them to account;

- Expresses its continued concern about the abduction of Itai Dzamara; demands that habeas corpus be respected and that those responsible for his abduction be brought to justice;

ANNEX II: LIST OF RESOLUTIONS

List of resolutions adopted by the European Parliament during the year 2016 and relating directly or indirectly to human rights violations in the world

Country

Date of adoption in plenary

Title

Africa

Ethiopia +[1]

21.01.2016

Ethiopia

Libya *[2]

04.02.2016

Situation in Libya

Egypt +

10.03.2016

Egypt, notably the case of Giulio Regeni

DRC +

10.03.2016

The Democratic Republic of the Congo

DRC *

01.12.2016

Situation in the Democratic Republic of the Congo

Nigeria +

14.04.2016

Nigeria

The Gambia +

12.05.2016

The Gambia

Djibouti +

12.05.2016

Djibouti

Malawi +

07.07.2016

Situation of persons with albinism in Africa, notably in Malawi

Somalia (no individual cases or minority) +

15.09.2016

Somalia

Zimbabwe +

15.09.2016

Zimbabwe

Sudan +

06.10.2016

Sudan

Rwanda +

06.10.2016

Rwanda, the case of Victoire Ingabire

Americas

Honduras +

14.04.2016

Honduras: situation of human rights defenders

Brazil +

24.11.2016

Situation of the Guarani-Kaiowá in the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso do Sul

Asia

North Korea (no individual cases or minority) +

21.01.2016

North Korea

India +

21.01.2016

EU citizens under detention in India, notably Estonian and UK seamen

China +

04.02.2016

The case of the missing book publishers in Hong Kong

Kazakhstan +

10.03.2016

Freedom of expression in Kazakhstan

Pakistan +

14.04.2016

Pakistan, in particular the attack in Lahore

Cambodia +

09.06.2016

Cambodia

Tajikistan +

09.06.2016

Tajikistan: situation of prisoners of conscience

Vietnam +

09.06.2016

Vietnam

Myanmar +

07.07.2016

Myanmar, notably the situation of the Rohingya

The Philippines +

15.09.2016

The Philippines

Thailand +

06.10.2016

Thailand, notably the situation of Andy Hall

China +

24.11.2016

The case of Gui Minhai, jailed publisher in China

Myanmar +

15.12.2016

The situation of the Rohingya minority in Myanmar

China +

15.12.2016

The cases of the Larung Gar Tibetan Buddhist Academy and Ilham Tohti

Europe

Ukraine +

04.02.2016

Human rights situation in Crimea, in particular of the Crimean Tatars

Ukraine +

12.05.2016

Crimean Tatars

Turkey *

27.10.2016

Situation of Journalists in Turkey

Russia +

24.11.2016

The case of Ildar Dadin, prisoner of conscience in Russia

Middle East

Bahrain +

04.02.2016

Bahrain: the case of Mohammed Ramadan

Bahrain +

07.07.2016

Bahrain

Syria *

06.10.2016

Situation in Syria

Iraq *

27.10.2016

Situation in Northern Iraq/Mosul

Syria *

26.11.2016

Situation in Syria

Iraq +

15.12.2016

Mass graves in Iraq

Yemen *

25.02.2016

Situation in Yemen

Cross-cutting issues

UNHRC sessions

21.01.2016

EU priorities for the UNHRC sessions in 2016

Persecution of religious minorities

04.02.2016

Systematic mass murder of religious minorities by ISIS

Migration

12.04.2016

The situation in the Mediterranean and the need for a holistic EU approach to migration

International Humanitarian Law

28.04.2016

Attacks on hospitals and schools as violations of international humanitarian law

Women & migration

08.03.2016

The situation of women refugees and asylum seekers in the EU

Trafficking

12.05.2016

Preventing and combating trafficking in human beings

Trafficking

05.07.2016

The fight against trafficking in human beings in the EU’s external relations

Torture

04.10.2016

Trade in certain goods which could be used for capital punishment, torture or other treatment or punishment

Migration

25.10.2016

Human rights in migration in third countries

Women

13.12.2016

Rights of Women in the Eastern Partnership States

Corporate liability and human rights

25.10.2016

Corporate liability for serious human rights abuses in third countries

Social and environmental standards and human rights

05.07.2016

Social and environmental standards, human rights and corporate responsibility
  • [1]  + - urgency resolution according to rule 135, EP RoP
  • [2]  * - resolutions with human rights-related issues

OPINJONI tal-Kumitat għad-Drittijiet tan-Nisa u l-Ugwaljanza bejn is-Sessi (7.11.2017)

għall-Kumitat għall-Affarijiet Barranin

dwar ir-Rapport Annwali dwar id-Drittijiet tal-Bniedem u d-Demokrazija fid-Dinja fl-2016 u l-politika tal-Unjoni Ewropea dwar il-kwistjoni
(2017/2122(INI))

Rapporteur għal opinjoni: Jordi Solé

SUĠĠERIMENTI

Il-Kumitat għad-Drittijiet tan-Nisa u l-Ugwaljanza bejn is-Sessi jistieden lill-Kumitat għall-Affarijiet Barranin, bħala l-kumitat responsabbli, biex jinkorpora s-suġġerimenti li ġejjin fil-mozzjoni għal riżoluzzjoni tiegħu:

A.  billi l-UE ħadet l-impenn li tippromwovi l-ugwaljanza bejn is-sessi u tiżgura l-integrazzjoni tal-kwistjonijiet ta' ugwaljanza bejn is-sessi fl-azzjonijiet kollha tagħha;

B.  billi, fi żminijiet ta' kunflitt armat, in-nisa u t-tfal, inklużi nisa u tfal rifuġjati, huma fost l-aktar gruppi vulnerabbli fis-soċjetà;

C.  billi s-saħħa u d-drittijiet sesswali u riproduttivi huma msejsa fuq id-drittijiet fundamentali tal-bniedem u huma elementi essenzjali tad-dinjità tal-bniedem; billi dawn għadhom mhumiex iggarantiti fid-dinja kollha;

D.  billi l-vjolenza fuq in-nisa u l-bniet tikkostitwixxi wieħed mill-ksur tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem l-aktar mifrux madwar id-dinja, u tolqot il-livelli kollha tas-soċjetà, irrispettivament mill-età, l-edukazzjoni, l-introjtu, il-pożizzjoni soċjali jew il-pajjiż ta' oriġini jew ta' residenza, u tirrappreżenta ostaklu kbir għall-ugwaljanza bejn is-sessi;

E.  billi l-istrateġija tal-UE għall-ugwaljanza bejn l-irġiel u n-nisa tipprevedi l-integrazzjoni tal-ugwaljanza bejn is-sessi fil-politiki ta' kummerċ tagħha;

1.  Ifakkar li l-ugwaljanza bejn in-nisa u l-irġiel tikkostitwixxxi prinċipju fundamentali tal-Unjoni Ewropea u l-Istati Membri tagħha, u li l-integrazzjoni ta' kwistjonijiet ta' ugwaljanza bejn is-sessi tikkostitwixxi wieħed mill-objettivi prinċipali tal-Unjoni hekk kif stabbiliti fit-Trattati; jistieden għalhekk lill-Kummissjoni tiżgura l-integrazzjoni ta' kwistjonijiet ta' ugwaljanza bejn is-sessi fit-totalità tal-leġiżlazzjoni tal-UE, il-linji gwida, l-azzjonijiet u l-finanzjament bħala prinċipju fundamentali tal-Unjoni, b'enfasi speċjali fuq il-politiki tar-relazzjonijiet esterni tal-UE; jenfasizza l-ħtieġa li jissaħħaħ ir-rwol tad-delegazzjonijiet tal-UE, kif ukoll ir-rwol tal-Konsulent Prinċipali tas-SEAE dwar l-Ugwaljanza bejn is-Sessi billi jiġi żgurat baġit speċifikament intiż għall-qasam tal-kompetenzi tagħha;

2.  Ifakkar li l-Pjan ta' Azzjoni tal-UE dwar l-Ugwaljanza bejn is-Sessi u t-Tisħiħ tal-Pożizzjoni tan-Nisa fl-Iżvilupp huwa wieħed mill-istrumenti fundamentali tal-UE biex titjieb l-ugwaljanza bejn is-sessi f'pajjiżi terzi, u għalhekk jemmen li l-GAP2 għandu jieħu s-sura ta' komunikazzjoni tal-Kummissjoni; jistieden lill-Kummissjoni tqis ir-riżoluzzjoni tal-Parlament dwar it-tiġdid tal-GAP;

3.  Jistieden lill-Kummissjoni tinkludi, fil-ftehimiet ta' kummerċ ħieles ma' pajjiżi terzi fejn id-drittijiet tan-nisa huma limitati jew noneżistenti, klawżoli li jappellaw lil dawk l-istati biex jimplimentaw politiki attivi għar-rikonoxximent ta' dawk id-drittijiet;

4.  Jistieden lill-Istati Membri u l-Kummissjoni jagħtu appoġġ kontinwu għall-protezzjoni tad-difensuri tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem, l-organizzazzjonijiet tan-nisa u l-mexxejja nisa bħala atturi attivi impenjati favur il-promozzjoni, il-ħarsien u s-sensibilizzazzjoni dwar id-drittijiet tan-nisa;

5.  Jistieden lis-SEAE jiżgura li l-eżiti tal-61 sessjoni tal-Kummissjoni dwar l-Istatus tan-Nisa (CSW) jiġu inklużi fil-politiki tiegħu u jipprovdu impetu ġdid favur il-promozzjoni tal-"awtonomizzazzjoni ekonomika tan-nisa" fl-indirizzar tal-inugwaljanzi bejn is-sessi f'dinja tax-xogħol li qed tinbidel;

6.  Jiġbed l-attenzjoni lejn il-kontribut pożittiv tal-awtonomizzazzjoni tan-nisa fil-kisba ta' soċjetà inklużiva, ekwa u paċifika u l-iżvilupp sostenibbli; jenfasizza li l-enfasi fuq l-ugwaljanza bejn is-sessi u t-tisħiħ tal-awtonomizzazzjoni tan-nisa hija espliċita fl-Għanijiet ta' Żvilupp Sostenibbli kollha u li għandhom isiru aktar sforzi biex tinkiseb l-applikazzjoni sħiħa tad-drittijiet tan-nisa u l-implimentazzjoni effettiva ta' politiki li jippromwovu l-awtonomizzazzjoni ekonomika u soċjali u l-parteċipazzjoni tan-nisa fil-proċess deċiżjonali; jissottolinja l-fatt li għandha tingħata attenzjoni partikolari lill-"awtonomizzazzjoni tan-nisa indiġeni";

7.  Josserva li n-nisa għandhom jitħeġġu jorganizzaw ruħhom f'trejdjunjins, u li m'għandhomx jiġu diskriminati meta jkunu qed ifittxu finanzjament għal negozju;

8.  Jirrakkomanda bil-qawwa li l-edukazzjoni tiġi inkluża fil-qalba tal-politiki tas-SEAE bl-għan li jiġi żgurat l-aċċess sħiħ u ugwali għall-edukazzjoni għat-tfal kollha, b'mod partikolari fil-kuntest ta' kunflitt u fi kriżijiet umanitarji u ta' migrazzjoni fejn it-tfal jistgħu jiċċaħħdu mill-edukazzjoni bażika; jenfasizza li għandha tingħata attenzjoni speċjali għall-aċċess tal-bniet għall-edukazzjoni mingħajr riskji;

9.  Jistieden lis-SEAE jippromwovi r-rwol tan-nisa bħala atturi fil-bini tal-paċi, biex jinkoraġġixxi l-parteċipazzjoni tan-nisa fit-tmexxija u fil-proċess deċiżjonali, u biex iqiegħed dawn il-kompiti fil-qalba tal-Istrateġija Globali tal-UE u d-Djalogi Politiċi, partikolarment fir-rigward tal-prevenzjoni ta' kunflitti u l-promozzjoni tad-drittijiet tal-bniedem u tar-riforma demokratika fir-rikostruzzjoni ta' wara l-kunflitt;

10.  Jinsab imħasseb dwar is-sitwazzjoni vulnerabbli ta' migranti, rifuġjati u dawk li qed ifittxu asil, speċjalment in-nisa u t-tfal, u l-membri ta' gruppi emarġinati, u jappella għall-iżvilupp urġenti ta' mezzi xierqa, legali u sikuri għall-migrazzjoni, filwaqt li jittieħdu l-miżuri kollha meħtieġa biex tiġi żgurata l-protezzjoni tagħhom, bħal aċċess għall-konsulenza legali, appoġġ psikoloġiku, spazji sikuri għan-nisa u t-tfal u aċċess għas-saħħa u d-drittijiet sesswali u riproduttivi, inklużi aborti sikuri, kif ukoll servizzi oħra tas-saħħa; jenfasizza l-ħtieġa għal proċeduri ta' riunifikazzjoni tal-familja li jagħtu drittijiet individwali għan-nisa u l-bniet li jkunu qed jingħaqdu mal-familji tagħhom fl-UE, biex b'hekk ma jkollhomx għalfejn jiddependu minn relazzjoni possibbilment abbużiva ma' membru tal-familja ta' ġeneru maskili għall-aċċess għas-saħħa, l-edukazzjoni jew ix-xogħol;

11.  Jistieden lill-UE tappoġġja l-assoċjazzjonijiet tan-nisa kollha li ta' kuljum jaħdmu biex jappoġġjaw lin-nisa fi kriżijiet umanitarji u kunflitti;

12.  Jikkundanna l-forom kollha ta' vjolenza kontra n-nisa u l-bniet, u kull forma ta' vjolenza bbażata fuq is-sess inkluż it-traffikar tal-bnedmin, iż-żwieġ furzat, id-delitti għall-unur, il-mutilazzjoni ġenitali femminili u l-użu ta' vjolenza sesswali bħala arma tal-gwerra; jistieden lill-UE u lill-Istati Membri jirratifikaw il-Konvenzjoni ta' Istanbul fil-partijiet kollha tagħha, li tikkostitwixxi l-ewwel strument internazzjonali legalment vinkolanti favur il-prevenzjoni u l-ġlieda kontra l-vjolenza fuq in-nisa, biex tiġi żgurata l-koerenza bejn l-azzjoni interna u esterna tal-UE f'dan il-qasam; jenfasizza li d-differenzi reliġjużi, kulturali u tradizzjonali, jew kwalunkwe ċirkostanza oħra, ma jistgħu bl-ebda mod jiġġustifikaw id-diskriminazzjoni jew kwalunkwe forma ta' vjolenza; jistieden lill-UE timplimenta politiki attivi u effikaċi biex jipprevjenu u jiġġieldu kontra kull forma ta' vjolenza fuq in-nisa u l-bniet u l-vjolenza bbażata fuq is-sess;

13.  Jenfasizza li wieħed mill-ostakli għall-awtonomizzazzjoni ekonomika tan-nisa huwa l-vjolenza fuq in-nisa, b'mod partikolari l-fastidju sesswali u s-sessiżmu fir-rigward ta' ħafna nisa fil-postijiet tax-xogħol tagħhom;

14.  Jikkundanna l-fatt li, f'xi pajjiżi terzi, iż-żwiġijiet bejn l-adulti u l-minuri, huma legali;

15.  Jistieden lill-Kummissjoni u lill-Istati Membri jindirizzaw it-traffikar tal-bniedem b'mod effikaċi u effiċjenti; jinnota li mir-riċerka rriżulta li l-maġġoranza tal-vittmi tat-traffikar tal-bnedmin tikkonsisti f'nisa, li, ladarba jkunu waslu fl-Ewropa, jiġu sfurzati jaħdmu fis-suq tal-prostituzzjoni;

16.  Jenfasizza li l-kura tas-saħħa aċċessibbli u r-rispett universali tad-drittijiet fil-qasam tas-saħħa sesswali u riproduttiva u l-aċċess għal dawn jikkontribwixxu għall-kura ta' qabel it-twelid u l-kapaċità li jiġi evitat twelid b'riskju għoli u b'hekk titnaqqas il-mortalità tat-trabi u tat-tfal; josserva li l-ippjanar tal-familja u l-aċċess għal prodotti tal-iġjene femminili, u għal kura materna, dik ta' qabel it-twelid u dik tat-trabi tat-twelid u għal servizzi ta' abort sikur huma elementi importanti biex jiġu salvati l-ħajjiet tan-nisa u jikkontribwixxu sabiex jiġi evitat twelid b'riskju għoli u sabiex titnaqqas il-mortalità tat-trabi u tat-tfal;

17.  Jikkundanna u jiċħad il-liġijiet, ir-regolamenti u pressjoni governattiva li timponi restrizzjonijiet mhux xierqa fuq il-libertà ta' espressjoni, speċjalment fil-każ tan-nisa u kategoriji oħra ta' ġeneru diskriminati;

18.  Iqis li hu inaċċettabbli li l-ġisem tan-nisa u l-bniet, speċifikament fir-rigward tas-saħħa u d-drittijiet sesswali u riproduttivi tagħhom, għadhom battalja ideoloġika; jitlob lill-UE u l-Istati Membri jirrikonoxxu d-drittijiet inaljenabbli tan-nisa u l-bniet għall-integrità fiżika u l-possibbiltà ta' teħid ta' deċiżjonijiet awtonomi, u jikkundanna l-ksur frekwenti tad-drittijiet sesswali u riproduttivi tan-nisa, inkluż in-nuqqas ta' aċċess għal servizzi tal-ippjanar tal-familja, għal kontraċettivi u għal servizzi ta' abort sikur u legali;

19.  Jikkundanna bil-qawwa l-integrazzjoni mill-ġdid u l-espansjoni tal-'global gag rule' tal-Istati Uniti u l-impatt tagħha fuq il-kura tas-saħħa u d-drittijiet tan-nisa u l-bniet fuq livell dinji, inklużi l-edukazzjoni sesswali u l-aborti sikuri u legali; Itenni l-appell tiegħu lill-UE u lill-Istati Membri biex jimlew in-nuqqas finanzjarju li ħalla l-Istati Uniti fil-qasam tas-saħħa u d-drittijiet sesswali u riproduttivi, b'mod partikolari fondi espliċitament imfassla biex jiġi żgurat aċċess għall-kontroll tat-twelid u l-abort sikur u legali, bl-użu ta' finanzjament għall-iżvilupp kemm nazzjonali kif ukoll tal-UE;

20.  Jikkundanna l-forom kollha ta' diskriminazzjoni u vjolenza fuq il-persuni LGBTI, b'mod partikolari l-kriminalizzazzjoni tal-omosesswalità f'ċerti pajjiżi terzi; jistieden lis-SEAE jqajjem u jippromwovi sensibilizzazzjoni fuq livell dinji tad-drittijiet ta' persuni LGBTI permezz ta' azzjoni esterna tal-UE sabiex tintemm id-diskriminazzjoni ta' kuljum li huma jiffaċċjaw;

21.  Jisħaq fuq il-fatt li l-istereotipi tas-sessi huma fost ir-raġunijiet ewlenin għal ksur tad-drittijiet tan-nisa u l-inugwaljanza bejn l-irġiel u n-nisa, u jistieden, għalhekk, lill-Istati Membri jimplimentaw kampanji ta' sensibilizzazzjoni ġodda għall-pubbliku biex jiġu miġġielda l-vjolenza fuq in-nisa, l-attakki sesswali, il-bullying fuq l-internet u l-istereotipi tas-sessi; jenfasizza l-importanza tal-involviment tal-irġiel u s-subien f'kampanji bħal dawn, kemm bħala miri kif ukoll bħala aġenti tal-bidla;

22.  Jirrimarka li r-rati ta' nies f'riskju ta' faqar jew esklużjoni soċjali huma ogħla fost in-nisa, u jistieden lill-Kummissjoni żżid l-isforzi tagħha biex timplimenta miżuri biex jiġu miġġielda l-faqar u l-esklużjoni soċjali bħala parti mill-politiki ta' żvilupp tagħha.

INFORMAZZJONI DWAR L-ADOZZJONIFIL-KUMITAT LI JINTALAB JAGĦTI OPINJONI

Data tal-adozzjoni

6.11.2017

 

 

 

Riżultat tal-votazzjoni finali

+:

–:

0:

14

7

1

Membri preżenti għall-votazzjoni finali

Maria Arena, Malin Björk, Vilija Blinkevičiūtė, Anna Maria Corazza Bildt, Arne Gericke, Mary Honeyball, Agnieszka Kozłowska-Rajewicz, Florent Marcellesi, Angelika Niebler, Marijana Petir, Terry Reintke, Michaela Šojdrová, Anna Záborská, Jana Žitňanská

Sostituti preżenti għall-votazzjoni finali

Kostadinka Kuneva, Edouard Martin, Jordi Solé, Marc Tarabella, Mylène Troszczynski, Julie Ward

Sostituti (skont l-Artikolu 200(2)) preżenti għall-votazzjoni finali

Ulrike Müller, Gabriele Preuß

VOTAZZJONI FINALI B'SEJĦA TAL-ISMIJIETFIL-KUMITAT LI JINTALAB JAGĦTI OPINJONI

14

+

ALDE

Ulrike Müller

GUE/NGL

Malin Björk, Kostadinka Kuneva

PPE

Anna Maria Corazza Bildt

S&D

Maria Arena, Vilija Blinkevičiūtė, Mary Honeyball, Edouard Martin, Gabriele Preuß, Marc Tarabella, Julie Ward

VERTS/ALE

Florent Marcellesi, Terry Reintke, Jordi Solé

7

-

ECR

Arne Gericke, Jana Žitňanská, Mylène Troszczynski, Angelika Niebler, Marijana Petir, Michaela Šojdrová, Anna Záborská

1

0

PPE

Agnieszka Kozłowska-Rajewicz

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INFORMAZZJONI DWAR L-ADOZZJONIFIL-KUMITAT RESPONSABBLI

Data tal-adozzjoni

13.11.2017

 

 

 

Riżultat tal-votazzjoni finali

+:

–:

0:

43

1

3

Membri preżenti għall-votazzjoni finali

Michèle Alliot-Marie, Petras Auštrevičius, Victor Boştinaru, Klaus Buchner, James Carver, Lorenzo Cesa, Andi Cristea, Knut Fleckenstein, Eugen Freund, Michael Gahler, Iveta Grigule-Pēterse, Tunne Kelam, Janusz Korwin-Mikke, Eduard Kukan, Barbara Lochbihler, Sabine Lösing, Andrejs Mamikins, Ramona Nicole Mănescu, Alex Mayer, David McAllister, Francisco José Millán Mon, Clare Moody, Javier Nart, Pier Antonio Panzeri, Alojz Peterle, Tonino Picula, Julia Pitera, Jozo Radoš, Michel Reimon, Jordi Solé, Jaromír Štětina, Dubravka Šuica, Charles Tannock, Miguel Urbán Crespo, Ivo Vajgl, Elena Valenciano

Sostituti preżenti għall-votazzjoni finali

Ana Gomes, Urmas Paet, Soraya Post, Godelieve Quisthoudt-Rowohl, José Ignacio Salafranca Sánchez-Neyra, Traian Ungureanu, Marie-Christine Vergiat, Željana Zovko

Sostituti (skont l-Artikolu 200(2)) preżenti għall-votazzjoni finali

Ignazio Corrao, Liliana Rodrigues, Renate Weber

VOTAZZJONI FINALI B'SEJĦA TAL-ISMIJIETFIL-KUMITAT RESPONSABBLI

43

+

ALDE

Petras Auštrevičius, Iveta Grigule-Pēterse, Javier Nart, Urmas Paet, Jozo Radoš, Ivo Vajgl, Renate Weber

ECR

Charles Tannock

EFDD

Ignazio Corrao

GUE/NGL

Marie-Christine Vergiat

PPE

Michèle Alliot-Marie, Lorenzo Cesa, Michael Gahler, Tunne Kelam, Eduard Kukan, David McAllister, Francisco José Millán Mon, Ramona Nicole Mănescu, Alojz Peterle, Julia Pitera, Godelieve Quisthoudt-Rowohl, José Ignacio Salafranca Sánchez-Neyra, Traian Ungureanu, Željana Zovko, Jaromír Štětina, Dubravka Šuica

S&D

Victor Boştinaru, Andi Cristea, Knut Fleckenstein, Eugen Freund, Ana Gomes, Andrejs Mamikins, Alex Mayer, Clare Moody, Pier Antonio Panzeri, Tonino Picula, Soraya Post, Liliana Rodrigues, Elena Valenciano

VERTS/ALE

Klaus Buchner, Barbara Lochbihler, Michel Reimon, Jordi Solé

1

–

NI

Janusz Korwin-Mikke

3

0

EFDD

James Carver

GUE/NGL

Sabine Lösing, Miguel Urbán Crespo

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