Ausführliche Sitzungsberichte

Mittwoch, 13. April 2016 - Straßburg

18. Bericht 2015 über Albanien (Aussprache)

  Przewodniczący. – Kolejnym punktem porządku dnia są oświadczenia Rady i Komisji – Sprawozdanie za 2015 r. w sprawie Albanii (2016/2896(RSP)).

  Jeanine Hennis-Plasschaert, President-in-Office of the Council. – Mr President, let me first of all welcome the steady progress Albania has made in addressing the five key priorities for the opening of accession negotiations. These are positive signals, showing that Albania is on the right path, and we encourage it to continue these efforts. In addition, we welcome the adoption of the decriminalisation legislation which should enhance citizens’ trust in their political representatives and public institutions. We now look forward to concrete steps and results for its effective implementation.

At the same time, I would like to stress that significant challenges lie ahead and further efforts to fulfil the key priorities are still needed. In particular, it will now be essential to swiftly adopt the judicial reform package in line with the Venice Commission’s opinion. Judicial reform is key to further forward movement on Albania’s EU accession process. Progress is also needed to fight corruption as well as organised crime. A solid track record of proactive investigations, prosecutions and final convictions, at all levels, needs to be established.

Let me also reiterate the need for effective legislative and policy measures to reinforce the protection of human rights and anti-discrimination policies, including the equal treatment of all minorities. As you know, the European Council will consider the opening of accession negotiations once Albania has met the five key priorities. The Council has invited the Commission to report on these key priorities in a comprehensive and detailed manner in addition to its 2016 report. Let me underline that a constructive and sustainable dialogue between the government and the opposition on EU-related reforms will be vital for the success of these endeavours.

I would like to commend Albania on its full alignment with the EU’s common foreign and security policy. In closing, let me point out that we are closely monitoring the situation in Albania with regard to the migration crisis and the possible development of an alternative Balkan route across the sea to Italy.

  Johannes Hahn, Member of the Commission. – Mr President, I would like first of all to thank the rapporteur Knut Fleckenstein for his input and coordination efforts, which resulted in a very balanced text. The resolution not only captures the progress that Albania has made over the past months but also the challenges that lie ahead in order to move the country closer to the European Union. I particularly welcome the emphasis that this resolution places on the reform of the justice system. This will help to embed the rule of law in the country. Strengthening efficiency and professionalism throughout this sector while striking the right balance between independence and accountability is a key challenge.

As the resolution has emphasised, the preparatory work carried out so far on this important dossier is rather solid. Political parties should now engage in a decisive, constructive dialogue and finalise the reform. This is a long-overdue development that is in the interest of all citizens. Adapting to judicial reform is a crucial opportunity for the country as a whole which is too precious to be subject to any party political manoeuvring.

I expect constructive cross-party cooperation from both the ruling majority and the opposition, as this reform should be seen by all political actors as a win-win opportunity. The last mile is always the hardest, especially when we are in the final stage of a very comprehensive and slow reform process. But this is a path worth completing. I made this point very clearly during my recent visit to Tirana for the high-level dialogue on the five key priorities for the opening of accession negotiations. Negotiations opened at the end of March.

Let me also point out that, beyond judicial reform, the resolution also provides a clear review of progress on other matters related to the rule of law, in particular the fight against organised crime and corruption. Albania needs to demonstrate further progress with a view to establishing a solid track record of investigations, prosecutions and convictions in the fight against organised crime and corruption at all levels. High-level corruption needs to be tackled more effectively. The same goes for the challenge posed by organised crime. More results are needed to dismantle organised criminal networks that operate locally, regionally and globally.

I would also like to commend the emphasis that the resolution attaches to a number of processes that fall outside the scope of the five key priorities but are nevertheless crucial to consolidate the credibility of the state and its institutions. Albania urgently needs to finalise the reform of the electoral system, aligning all the relevant legislation to the recommendations issued by the OSCE/ODIHR.

Moreover, integrity throughout the public sector needs to be further strengthened. A lot has been achieved already through ongoing public administration reform. In addition, the process of so-called decriminalisation needs to advance. Both civil servants and elected officials should be subject to the scrutiny mechanism foreseen in the law, and sanctions applied whenever necessary.

The Commission maintains its strong commitment to support Albania’s efforts to advance further on its path towards European integration.

  Knut Fleckenstein, im Namen der S&D-Fraktion. – Herr Präsident, liebe Kolleginnen und Kollegen! Albanien hat in den letzten 25 Jahren einen erstaunlichen Wandel erreicht. Von einer von sämtlichen Nachbarn abgeschnittenen kommunistischen Diktatur in ein Land mit einer freien Gesellschaft, das sich der Demokratie und der sozialen Marktwirtschaft verpflichtet hat, in ein Land, das konstruktive Beziehungen zu seinen Nachbarn aufgebaut hat und sich auf dem Weg in die Europäische Union befindet.

Die Mehrheit der Menschen in Albanien gibt in Umfragen regelmäßig ihrem Wunsch Ausdruck, dass die Rechtsstaatlichkeit in ihrem Land weiter gestärkt wird. Dazu gehört eine unabhängige Justiz, die sich von Versuchen der Einflussnahme nicht beeindrucken lässt. Dazu gehört eine professionelle öffentliche Verwaltung, die jedem Bürger zugänglich ist und gerecht verwaltet und gewaltet wird. Dazu gehört die erfolgreiche Prävention und Strafverfolgung von Korruption und organisierter Kriminalität.

Die albanische Regierung und das albanische Parlament haben sich vorgenommen, eine besonders ehrgeizige Justizreform zu verabschieden. Sie haben sich deshalb auch mit den internationalen Experten beraten, unter anderem von der Venedig-Kommission. Diese Justizreform muss nun bald – so bald wie möglich – durch das albanische Parlament verabschiedet werden. Ihre Umsetzung muss auf den Weg gebracht werden, damit kann Albanien unmissverständlich durch sein selbstgesetztes Ziel beweisen, dass es sich auf dem richtigen Weg befindet.

Die große Mehrheit, die es im Auswärtigen Ausschuss für den Bericht gab, zeigt, dass wir uns sehr einig sind: Wir wollen Albanien ermutigen, die bisherige Reformdynamik aufrechtzuerhalten und ehrgeizig oder noch ehrgeiziger die Reformen weiter voranzutreiben. Wir sagen: Weiter so! Aber wir wissen, es bleibt noch vieles zu tun, vieles ist noch nicht erreicht worden.

Die Ministerin, der Kommissar haben einiges genannt in Bezug auf Wahlgesetze, auf Korruption, auf Wirtschaft. Wenn aber die fünf Reformprioritäten weiter vorangetrieben werden, wenn die Justizreform jetzt auch mit breiter Mehrheit beschlossen wird und die Umsetzung beginnt, dann ist es auch Zeit, mit den Beitrittsverhandlungen endlich zu beginnen. Dieses Parlament wird Albanien dabei unterstützen.

  Eduard Kukan, on behalf of the PPE Group. – Mr President, I would like to congratulate Mr Fleckenstein on his report and appreciate highly our cooperation on Albania.

The European Parliament is sending a message of support and encouragement for the reforms in the country in this report. Albania made solid progress in the reforming process over the last year and became a reliable ally in the region. Progress along the path of integration is only possible with the cooperation of all political forces in the country. We mention in the report the ongoing reform of the judiciary, which is key to strengthening justice and the rule of law in the country. I hope that once the reform is adopted it opens doors to the further integration of Albania into the EU.

At the same time we also have to look realistically at other areas such as the fight against corruption, public administration reform, media or ongoing electoral reform, the last of which will be particularly important for the upcoming 2017 elections. I hope that the political parties will find a consensus on the reform. Implementation of the OSC/OD recommendation is the key. It will be really important to see democratic, free and fair elections in Albania next year.

(The speaker agreed to take a blue card question under Rule 162(8))

  Tibor Szanyi (S&D), blue-card question. – You mentioned some of the shortcomings as well but, in spite of this fact, do you not think that the case of Albania could be shown and demonstrated as a really good example for all those countries in the neighbourhood which are much further behind?

  Eduard Kukan (PPE), blue-card answer. – I fully agree with you, but let us wait until all the necessary reforms are implemented. Not before that. Then we can use it as an example for the others.

  Ангел Джамбазки, от името на групата ECR. – Г-н Председател, колеги, благодаря на докладчика Флекенщайн и на докладчиците в сянка за конструктивното сътрудничество в изготвянето на резолюцията за напредъка на Албания през 2015 г. От името на ЕКР изразявам подкрепата ни за резолюцията.

Поздравявам властите в Албания за постигнатия напредък през изминалата година, най-вече по отношение на реформите в петте ключови сфери, определени от Комисията – реформа на публичната администрация, укрепване на съдебната система, борбата срещу корупцията и организираната престъпност и укрепването на основните права и свободи. Радвам се, че резолюцията обръща специално внимание на повечето от тези сфери, защото те са фундаментът на всяка една правилно функционираща правова държава.

За съжаление, тазгодишната резолюция много лаконично разглежда проблемите и правата на националните малцинства. Както ви е добре известно, националните малцинства са най-уязвимите групи в балканските държави.

Според данни на нашата държавната агенция за българите в чужбина, в общините Мала Преспа, Голо бърдо и Гора живеят между 40 и 50 хиляди българи по самоопределение. Те не са признати за национално малцинство от албанските власти, което ги поставя в много неравностойно положение спрямо останалите малцинствени общности.

Призовавам албанските власти да признаят българското малцинство, защото посредством гарантирането на правата и свободите на всички граждани, Албания ще покаже, че е готова за членство в Европейския съюз.

  Илхан Кючюк, от името на групата ALDE. – Г-н Председател, г-н Комисар, г-жо министър, колеги, бих искал да благодаря на нашия докладчик, г-н Флекенщайн за ползотворното сътрудничество по доклада за напредъка на Албания.

През изминалата година Албания постигна значителен напредък в своята евроинтеграция и днес страната играе важна роля за регионалната стабилност със своите конструктивни позиции в региона.

Във външнополитически план Албания изпълни немалка част от политическите критерии за членство в Европейския съюз и това е ясно отбелязано в доклада, който разискваме днес. Необходимо е обаче да продължим, да призоваваме и насърчаваме водещите политически сили в страната за по-конструктивен и устойчив политически диалог между тях за свързаните с Европейския съюз реформи.

Политическият консенсус по жизненоважните реформи е от съществено значение за по-нататъшния напредък на страната, а конфронтацията може да подкопае този процес.

Докладът ясно очертава предизвикателствата, пред които Албания е изправена, както и някои от положителните стъпки, които правителството предприе, за да се справи с тях. Необходимо е да се положат сериозни усилия за реформирането на съдебната система. Страната показа политическа воля за борба с корупцията, която заедно с организираната престъпност остават най-големия проблем пред Албания. Тези пороци на младите демокрации от Балканите ерозират държавността.

По отношение на икономическите реформи правителството продължи своята работа, но конструктивните реформи трябва да се ускорят. В резултат на ниската конкурентоспособност на икономиката безработицата остава висока, а сивият сектор заема съществена част.

Уважаеми г-н Председател, в заключение бих искал да призова властите в страната да продължат със започнатите реформи и да консолидират постиженията в областта на ключовите приоритети, които са така необходими за започване на преговори за присъединяване.

Puhetta johti ANNELI JÄÄTTEENMÄKI
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  Τάκης Χατζηγεωργίου, εξ ονόματος της ομάδας GUE/NGL. – Κυρία Πρόεδρε, κύριοι συνάδελφοι, συζητούμε την ενταξιακή πορεία της Αλβανίας, ενός κράτους που με βάση όλα τα στατιστικά στοιχεία είναι από τις φτωχότερες χώρες στην Ευρώπη, με πραγματικό κατά κεφαλήν εισόδημα 280 ευρώ και ανεργία που ανέρχεται στο 18%.

Επιπρόσθετα, η χώρα ταλανίζεται από σοβαρότατα προβλήματα διαφθοράς και πολιτικής πόλωσης. Είναι γι αυτούς τους λόγους που, ενώ στηρίζουμε την ενταξιακή διαδικασία της χώρας και την θέληση των πολιτών της για ένταξη στην Ένωση, διαφωνούμε με τις πολιτικές που προωθεί η Ένωση στη χώρα αυτή. Διαφωνούμε με τις οικονομικές και κοινωνικές πολιτικές που προωθούνται. Αυτό που χρειάζεται είναι ανοιχτός και ειλικρινής διάλογος με τους εκπροσώπους της χώρας, για τις ιδιαιτερότητες αυτής της χώρας.

Η Αλβανία, όπως και τα υπόλοιπα κράτη των δυτικών Βαλκανίων, χρειάζονται στήριξη ώστε να δημιουργήσουν πραγματικές δομές που θα είναι έτοιμες να αντιμετωπίσουν τα σοβαρά προβλήματα που έχουν. Προβλήματα όπως η εμβάθυνση του κράτους δικαίου και της δημοκρατίας, η αντιμετώπιση της διαφθοράς, του οργανωμένου εγκλήματος και η προστασία της ελευθερίας της έκφρασης. Δεν πρέπει να θεωρούμε ότι κρατάμε εμείς την απόλυτη αλήθεια που ισχύει για όλους και την εφαρμόζουμε πλήρως και για όλους.

  Tamás Meszerics, on behalf of the Verts/ALE Group. – Madam President, first allow me to express my great thanks to the rapporteur who, as usual, has been very constructive in the shadow meetings.

I think that we have a good progress report on Albania. I am glad to see on this occasion that the only issues that need raising in this very short time are the classic green issues. Possibly this is the only accession country nowadays – maybe with the exception of Serbia – that poses us no bigger problems than asking the Albanian Government to make concerted efforts to align its environmental policies with EU standards, do everything in its power to meet the Chapter 27 requirements and also reconsider its hydroelectric policies. Some of the hydro plants need to be reconsidered.

I am glad to be able to say that, because there are other countries for which there are much bigger issues at stake in the accession negotiations. Although it is true that Albania is also facing the classic problems of south—eastern Europe, with endemic corruption and a number of other shortcomings in good governance, it does – I am glad to say – seem to be on the right track. I hope very much that it will successfully conclude all the negotiations and become part of the European Union very soon.

  Ελευθέριος Συναδινός (NI). – Κυρία Πρόεδρε, ο Επίτροπος Αβραμόπουλος και η Επιτροπή, γενικά, σχεδιάζουν να συμπεριλάβουν την Αλβανία μαζί με την Τουρκία, το Κοσσυφοπέδιο, τα Σκόπια και τη Βοσνία-Ερζεγοβίνη στον κατάλογο με τις ασφαλείς χώρες. Βέβαια, αυτό γίνεται προκειμένου να καταστούν ευκολότερες οι απελάσεις, αλλά με κάνει να αναρωτιέμαι μέχρι που μπορεί να φτάσει ο ενδοτισμός κάποιων Ευρωπαίων πολιτικών. Δεν γνωρίζω αν «ο σκοπός αγιάζει τα μέσα». Αλλά, μήπως στο βωμό της εξεύρεσης πιεστικής λύσης για τη μεταναστευτική κρίση θυσιάζουμε βασικές αρχές και πανανθρώπινες αξίες;

Μήπως η Αλβανία έγινε ξαφνικά χώρα όπου τα ανθρώπινα δικαιώματα, η ελευθερία του λόγου και η ανεξιθρησκία προστατεύονται; Όπου η διεθνώς αναγνωρισμένη ελληνική μειονότητα της Βορείου Ηπείρου απολαμβάνει τα δικαιώματα που ορίζουν το διεθνές δίκαιο και οι συμβάσεις; Όπου δεν υπάρχουν εγκληματικές συμμορίες, παρακλάδια αντίστοιχων τουρκικών, βοσνιακών, κοσοβάρικων και σκοπιανών που εμπορεύονται όπλα, ναρκωτικά, ανθρώπινα όργανα και λευκή σάρκα; Ξεχάσαμε ή κάνουμε τους αφελείς και αδαείς ότι στην Αλβανία διαμένουν και εκπαιδεύονται τζιχαντιστές τρομοκράτες;

Καλό θα ήταν κάποιοι Ευρωπαίοι ηγέτες, με κοντή μνήμη και γνώση, να θυμούνται ότι ό εξευρωπαϊσμός των Βαλκανίων χωρίς να τηρούνται οι βασικές προϋποθέσεις σταθερότητας και αλληλεγγύης θα οδηγήσει στη βίαιη βαλκανιοποίηση της Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης και όπως, πολλάκις, έχει λεχθεί, τα Βαλκάνια είναι η πυριτιδαποθήκη της Ευρώπης.

  David McAllister (PPE). – Frau Präsidentin, liebe Kolleginnen und Kollegen! Wir haben es heute Abend gehört: Auf dem Weg Albaniens in die Europäische Union ist es unerlässlich, dass die Regierung und das Parlament in Tirana den Modernisierungsprozess weiter vorantreiben und bereits verabschiedete Reformen umsetzen. Die Rechtsstaatlichkeit in diesem Land muss weiter gestärkt werden, die Korruption muss bekämpft werden und ebenso das organisierte Verbrechen. Die Justizreform – und darauf hat Berichterstatter Fleckenstein zu Recht hingewiesen – ist dabei von herausragender Bedeutung. Ohne unabhängige Justiz kann es keine funktionierende Demokratie geben.

Aber liebe Kolleginnen und Kollegen, ich möchte noch ein anderes Thema ansprechen: Ich habe dieser Tage in einer deutschen Zeitung gelesen, dass im Jahr 2015 genau 54 762 albanische Staatsbürger in Deutschland Asyl beantragt haben. Nach Menschen aus Syrien kamen die zweitmeisten Asylbewerber im Jahre 2015 aus Albanien. Das geht so nicht! Da fordere ich die Verantwortlichen in Albanien auf, die notwendigen wirtschaftlichen Reformen zu verabschieden, damit junge Menschen eine dauerhafte Perspektive in diesem Land haben. Und die Menschen müssen umfassend aufgeklärt werden, dass ihre Asylanträge in der EU keine Chance auf Anerkennung haben.

  Bogusław Liberadzki (S&D). – Pani Przewodnicząca! Chciałbym się dołączyć do wyrazów uznania dla naszego sprawozdawcy Knuta Fleckensteina, ale ja mogę powiedzieć, że jest to tak solidna firma, że jego sprawozdanie zawsze może być albo bardzo dobre, albo jeszcze więcej niż bardzo dobre, czyli doskonałe.

Natomiast wsłuchując się w głos pani minister, a także pana komisarza Hahna, mam takie wrażenie, że pewien pakiet spraw powtarza się niezależnie od tego, o którym państwie mówimy, czyli korupcja, przestępstwo, sprawność systemu sądownictwa, sprawy mniejszości, sprawy człowieka. Myślę, że powinniśmy zwrócić uwagę naszym albańskim przyjaciołom na sprawy gospodarcze – że powinni nabrać rozpędu gospodarczego, zanim przystąpią do Unii Europejskiej – i na sprawy społeczne – żeby im uświadomić, że nasza gospodarka to społeczna gospodarka rynkowa, a zatem pakiety socjalne, pakiety społeczne, aby przygotować ludność do tego mieszkania, życia w tym nowym domu.

  Monica Macovei (ECR). – Doamnă președintă, în calitate de președintă a Comisiei parlamentare de stabilizare și de asociere UE-Albania, insist pe un dialog politic regulat între cele două părți și, de asemenea, insist pe adoptarea unor recomandări atunci când avem aceste întâlniri, pentru că ele nu trebuie împiedicate, pentru că ele sunt benefice poporului albanez. În al doilea rând, salut progresul Albaniei în cele cinci domenii cheie și sper ca ritmul de reformă să rămână neschimbat, chiar să se accelereze, tocmai pentru a putea începe discuțiile în aceea ce privește aderarea Albaniei. Sistemul judiciar: avem încă deficiențe, urmează schimbarea Constituției în ceea ce privește justiția și cel mai important este ca legile să fie corect aplicate, practica judiciară să fie unitară și sistemul judecătoresc trebuie să fie curățat de judecătorii și procurorii corupți și incompetenți. În ceea ce privește corupția și crima organizată, ele sunt extinse, s-au adoptat strategii anticorupție și anti-crimă organizată, dar numărul de condamnări rămâne foarte scăzut. Nu putem face reforme numai pe hârtie, ele trebuie să aibă un rezultat în practică.

  John Stuart Agnew (EFDD). – Madam President, this Frankenstein – I mean Fleckenstein – report on Albania looks at their progress towards achieving the criteria that will eventually allow them to join the EU. And whilst ongoing reform in Albania is obviously welcome, I am concerned about what you said about that country, Commissioner. That really was a tale of woe, and they have obviously got a very long way to go before they can become EU members. But of course, once they are EU members, it will draw Albania into the Schengen area – already notorious for facilitating organised crime and human trafficking.

The UK has a GDP per capita approximately 10 times that of Albania and a minimum wage level and social benefit structure that will draw Albanians to Britain like an electromagnet. If I was an honest young man in Albania today, I would take English lessons and save up for a train ticket to London and pray that the Brits vote to remain in the club on 23 June 2016. If I was a criminal in Albania today, I would view EU membership as a passport to paradise. Whilst the EU sits in judgement on Albania, it presides over appalling problems within its own jurisdiction. Getting its own financial accounts satisfactorily signed off would be a good start and a good example to Albania. The lesson just never seems to be learned that making the EU bigger does not make the EU better.

  Andrej Plenković (PPE). – Gospođo predsjednice, povjereniče Hahn, hvala lijepo na Vašem predstavljanju trenutnog stanja napretka Albanije. Vidim da kolega Agnew zaista ne poznaje Albaniju, jer da je iole zna, znao bi koliko su talentirani naši mladi albanski prijatelji u poznavanju jezika. U to sam se osobno uvjerio puno puta kada sam posjetio Albaniju.

U svakom slučaju, bilo bi dobro da naši prijatelji u Albaniji nastave s ključnim političkim, pravosudnim i gospodarskim reformama, za što je važno postići konsenzus svih političkih aktera i razvijati kulturu konstruktivnog parlamentarnog dijaloga između vladajućih i oporbe. Komisija je kvalitetno detektirala sva mjerila koja treba ispuniti prije nego što se otvore pristupni pregovori, a posebnu pozornost treba posvetiti temeljitoj reformi pravosuđa kako bi se osigurao učinkovit i od politike i drugih utjecaja neovisan pravni sustav koji jamči vladavinu prava.

Pozdravljam konstruktivnu ulogu Albanije u vanjskopolitičkom i sigurnosnom pogledu na jugoistoku Europe, a kao hrvatski zastupnik i član Europskog parlamenta prijateljski ću čvrsto i snažno poticati njihov europski put i daljnje reforme prema EU-u.

(Govornik prihvaća odgovoriti na pitanje koje je postavljeno podizanjem plave kartice (članak 162. stavak 8. Poslovnika)).

  Bogusław Liberadzki (S&D), pytanie zadane przez podniesienie niebieskiej kartki. – Ponieważ zawsze bardzo sobie cenię stanowisko pana Plenkovicia, także w sprawach regionu, chciałem spytać: czy mógłby Pan bardzo krótko wymienić dwa, trzy podstawowe aspekty pozytywne i być może jeden ryzykowny członkostwa Albanii w Unii Europejskiej z punktu widzenia regionu?

  Andrej Plenković (PPE), odgovor na pitanje postavljeno podizanjem plave kartice. – Albanija, kao i svaka druga država jugoistoka Europe i kao europska država, ima pravo podnijeti zahtjev za članstvo i ima pravo postati dio ove političke obitelji u kojoj smo mi. Transformacijski učinak procesa približavanja i procesa pristupanja bit će ključan da Albanija postane država vladavine prava, poštivanja ljudskih prava, jačanja demokracije i gospodarskog kapaciteta. Ono što je dobro je da će europski proces ubrzati i poboljšati odnose s njenim susjedima i tu vidim posebnu dodatnu vrijednost europskoga puta Albanije.

  Andi Cristea (S&D). – Madam President, I believe the report and discussions this afternoon send a clear signal to both Tirana and Brussels. Albania has made remarkable progress in the past 12 months on the key priorities required for the opening of accession negotiations. This is why it is crucial for this House to acknowledge the reform efforts and ambitions of the authorities and to encourage the European aspirations of the Albanian people.

I feel this was the spirit of the visit of the High Representative in March, and it is very much the message the rapporteur is conveying with this year’s report. Now it is vital to keep the current momentum for reforms and to build on the achievement thus far. Bold implementation will be key to delivering on the ground, with far-reaching policies providing for effective, transparent and accountable institutions as well as higher living standards for the benefit of all Albanian citizens.

  Νότης Μαριάς (ECR). – Κυρία Πρόεδρε, η Αλβανία καταπιέζει την ελληνική μειονότητα της Βόρειας Ηπείρου και τολμά να διεκδικεί ελληνικά εδάφη στην προσπάθειά της να δημιουργήσει το απατηλό όνειρο της Μεγάλης Αλβανίας. Η πρόσφατη απόφαση της Αλβανίας να κλείσει τα σύνορά της με την Ελλάδα και να απαγορεύσει την είσοδο προσφύγων στο έδαφός της παραβιάζει, κύριε Hahn, τόσο τη συμφωνία της 25ης Οκτωβρίου 2015 για την μεταναστευτική διαδρομή στα Βαλκάνια, όσο και τη σύμβαση της Γενεύης του 1951 για τους πρόσφυγες.

Και όλα αυτά συμβαίνουν όταν οι ίδιοι οι Αλβανοί, μετά την κατάρρευση του καθεστώτος του Ενβέρ Χότζα, πέρασαν ανενόχλητοι, κατά χιλιάδες, τα ελληνικά σύνορα, τους φιλοξενήσαμε, έφαγαν ψωμί στην Ελλάδα, δούλεψαν στην Ελλάδα και έστειλαν τις αποταμιεύσεις τους στην Αλβανία.

Στην περίπτωση, λοιπόν, των γειτόνων μας, Αλβανών, ισχύει το ρητό «ουδείς πιο αχάριστος εκ του ευεργετηθέντος», δηλαδή, αυτός που έχει ευεργετηθεί αποδεικνύεται, τελικά, ότι είναι ο πιο αχάριστος.

  Андрей Ковачев (PPE). – Г-н Председател, г-н комисар, приветствам напредъка на Албания в областта на икономическите реформи, борбата с радикализма и тероризма и мерките срещу набирането на бойци от Ислямска държава. Европейският съюз не може да бъде завършен без пълната интеграция на страните от Западните Балкани.

Зачитането на правата на малцинствата е един от най-важните критерии, които кандидат-членките трябва да изпълнят, за да могат да се присъединят към нашия Съюз. В тази връзка, в Албания не трябва да се допуска дискриминация към етнически малцинства, включително и към българското, единственото непризнато историческо малцинство, което от десетилетия чака това признание.

През 1932 г. съгласно резолюция, гласувана от Втората балканска конференция в Истанбул, двете страни подписват заключителен протокол, в който дословно се заявява следното: „Член 1: Албанската делегация признава съществуването на българско малцинство в Албания.“ Поради смяна в правителствата и настъпващата Световна война, резолюцията така и не е ратифицирана. Въпросът оттогава досега е отворен.

Обръщам се към албанските официални представители да приемат решението на този въпрос. Призовавам ви, признайте българското малцинство и нека заедно да допринесем за това албанските граждани да станат и европейски граждани.

  Susanne Melior (S&D). – Frau Präsidentin! Ich habe aufmerksam zugehört, und viele Dinge sind schon angesprochen worden. Ich schließe mich ausdrücklich dem Dank an Knut Fleckenstein an, der hier einen sehr guten Bericht vorgelegt hat über den schwierigen Transformationsprozess, den Albanien immer noch durchläuft.

Ich will dennoch Ihr Augenmerk auf einen Punkt richten – Frau Macovei hat es schon gesagt: Wir waren als Delegation, als Stabilitäts- und Assoziations-Ausschuss auch vor Ort, und ich glaube, dass auch die Rolle der Institutionen zu diesen Transformationsprozess dazugehört. Und dann muss es auch gelingen, dass man in Albanien stärker die Rolle von Opposition und von Regierung wahrnimmt, annimmt, damit umgehen lernt und wir dann auch zu der Möglichkeit kommen, dass wir im Anschluss an unsere Delegationsreisen gemeinsame Papiere auf den Weg bringen können. Das ist so leider nicht gelungen bei den letzten beiden Malen. Das bedaure ich ausdrücklich. Und da wünschte ich mir – wie vom Berichterstatter auch in seinem Bericht schon angesprochen – eine Stärkung des Ausschusses und der Rolle.

  György Hölvényi (PPE). – Köszönöm szépen a lehetőséget, és először is néhány kollégámnak szeretném nagyon alázatosan megmondani, hogy ennek a lenéző, lekicsinylő stílusnak szerintem nincs helye Albániával kapcsolatban sem. Albánia európai perspektíva, egyszerűen egy biztonsági kérdés, európai biztonsági kérdés. Tehát nagyobb felelősséget ajánlanék egy-két kollégánknak. Fenn kell tartanunk a csatlakozás valós perspektíváját Albánia számára. Bizonyos eredmények optimizmusra adnak okot: Albánia jelentősen előrehaladt a közigazgatási reformjában. Ennek jele az új köztisztviselői törvény elfogadása, vagy a területi közigazgatás átalakítása.

Természetesen például a szervezett bűnözés ellen határozott fellépés szükséges. Még mindig csak kevés eredmény tapasztalható a bűnszervezetek és az illegális kereskedelem felderítésében. Az átalakulások hajtóerejét a jövőben is az uniós csatlakozás jelentheti az ország számára. A sikerek és indokolt kritikák mellett Albánia megérdemli Európa biztatását, elismerését.

Hangsúlyozom még egyszer: közös érdekünk, hogy az albán csatlakozás mielőbb új lendületet kapjon. Köszönöm szépen.

(A felszólaló hozzájárul egy „kékkártyás” kérdés megválaszolásához (az eljárási szabályzat 162. cikkének (8) bekezdése).)

  Doru-Claudian Frunzulică (S&D), blue-card question. – Do you not think that we should have to ask the Albanian Government and also the European Commission to clarify Albania’s position on Kosovo? I have recently heard lots of things about a common economic space encompassing Albania and Kosovo, the Albanian regional market and so on. And secondly, as regards the national minorities: they never mention the Vlachs, the Romanians living in Albania.

  György Hölvényi (PPE), blue-card answer. – Thank you very much for your very relevant question. I can join you with this question, and maybe we will have an answer a little bit later from the side of the Commission.

Catch-the-eye procedure

  Franc Bogovič (PPE). – Iskrene čestitke gospodu Fleckensteinu za poročilo, ki je zelo uravnoteženo in tudi kvalitetno pripravljeno. Zahvala tudi gospodu komisarju Hahnu, da podrobno spremlja situacijo na Kosovu.

Tisti, ki poznamo Kosovo in smo ga spremljali tudi v preteklosti, lahko mirno priznamo Kosovu zelo velik napredek, da se je iz ene najbolj zaprtih komunističnih držav relativno hitro preobrazil v državo, ki ima pravilno usmeritev, usmeritev proti parlamentarni demokraciji in spoštovanju evropskih vrednot.

Strinjam se tudi s tistimi, ki opozarjajo na velike težave, ki so še v Albaniji predvsem na področju korupcije, tudi organiziranega kriminala, in prav je, da se skozi takšna poročila in tudi skozi priporočila Evropske komisije na poti proti Evropski uniji takšne stvari odpravijo. Zelo pomembno pa je, da Albaniji omogočimo tudi gospodarski razvoj, da mladi Albanci ne bodo iskali perspektive povsod po Evropi, ampak da jo bodo našli doma.

  Ivan Jakovčić (ALDE). – Gospođo predsjednice, ono što je sigurno u ovom trenutku pozitivna uloga Albanije jest činjenica da je Albanija značajan faktor regionalne stabilnosti. Već sam isticao u ovoj dvorani susret Vučića i Rame u Beogradu i Tirani kao hrabar potez obojice političara i to je pokazatelj da se želi postići nova kvaliteta na Balkanu. Međutim, to nije dovoljno.

Albanija, ako želi postati članica Europske unije, mora ispuniti apsolutno sve uvjete. Ovdje su isticani problemi s manjinama. Međutim, ja želim prije svega istaknuti ono što je već opće poznato, a to je vladavina prava, korupcija na raznim nivoima i organizirani kriminal. To su opasnosti za Europu i to treba posebno istaknuti. Naravno, bit će potrebno ispuniti i sve ostale kriterije, ali vjerujem da Albanija ima snage da takve kriterije i ispuni i želim je vidjeti čim prije i u našem društvu.

  Igor Šoltes (Verts/ALE). – Prvo bi se zahvalil gospodu poročevalcu za odlično pripravljeno poročilo in dodal še to, kar je sicer povedala že večina. Albanija je šla skozi težko obdobje v svoji zgodovini in relativno v kratkem času, v zadnjih petnajstih, dvajsetih letih, dosegla pomemben napredek.

Torej, Albanija je v zadnjih letih absolutno dosegla pomemben napredek na številnih področjih, to priznava in piše tudi v poročilu, ki ga bomo sprejemali jutri, in tudi Komisija je v svojem poročilu pripravila kar nekaj spodbudnih besed za dosežke, ki jih je Albanija opravila v zadnjih letih.

So pa seveda še številna vprašanja, ki jih je še potrebno rešiti, mnogi pred mano so že opozarjali na korupcijo, na pravosodni sistem, na organizirani kriminal, ampak, seveda, to je tudi dolžnost Evropskega parlamenta in tudi Komisije, da jim pri tem pomaga, da ponudi roko sodelovanja in da seveda pri tem tudi prizna Albanijo kot pomembnega regionalnega partnerja, ker brez Albanije in brez nekaterih drugih sosednjih držav tudi ne bo stabilnosti in miru v regiji. Zlasti bo to pomembno tudi v tem sodelovanju tudi Evropske unije pri upravljanju reke beguncev, ki se še vedno ni končala.

(End of catch-the-eye procedure)

  Johannes Hahn, Member of the Commission. – Madam President, the Commission welcomes the resolution on Albania. I would once again like to congratulate the rapporteur, Mr Fleckenstein, and all the others who actively contributed to the discussion in the past few months.

The Commission takes note of this resolution and will continue to rely on the views expressed by Parliament in its upcoming engagement with Albania. Since candidate status was granted, Albania has consistently made steady progress on the five key priorities for the opening of accession negotiations. We share the assessment that the upcoming months will be crucial to consolidate all that has been achieved to date and that all necessary efforts should be made to pursue outstanding reform processes. Challenges related to the entrenchment of the rule of law will continue to receive specific attention. The observations in the resolution provide good guidance in this specific regard.

To conclude, I would like to reiterate that the Commission will continue to intensify its support, monitoring and assessment of the results that Albania achieves on the reform agenda. Concrete results will bring the country closer to the European Union. But, most importantly, concrete results are needed to guarantee that all the citizens throughout the country can rely on a functioning democratic state that successfully provides welfare, security and opportunities. This is the most important perspective, I believe, and I hope that all political actors in Albania will genuinely work with this very same objective in mind.

Once again, I think Albania is on a good path, but now it needs the cooperation of all political parties in the country. The main focus now should be on the reform of the judicial system, which is a very comprehensive and decisive step by Albania towards the European Union.

  Jeanine Hennis-Plasschaert, President-in-Office of the Council. – Madam President, let me express my sincere gratitude for the excellent work by Parliament’s rapporteur on Albania, Mr Fleckenstein.

Albania has, as you mentioned, taken many steps in the right direction. For the political leaders it is now important to overcome internal difficulties and continue on this path. Decisive action is now needed to meet the five key priorities, in particular to adopt the wide-ranging justice reform, and the EU, for its part, stands ready to deliver in good faith.

Madam President, a final point, which was raised by Mr McAllister. The arrival of many Albanians in a number of EU Member States, including Germany and, moreover, the Netherlands, is another matter of great concern to us, to which I would briefly draw the Commissioner’s attention to make sure that we can discuss it later on.

  Puhemies. – Olen vastaanottanut yhden työjärjestyksen mukaisesti käsiteltäväksi jätetyn päätöslauselmaesityksen.

Keskustelu on päättynyt.

Äänestys toimitetaan torstaina 14. huhtikuuta 2016.

Kirjalliset lausumat (tyojarjestyksen 162 artikla)

  Владимир Уручев (PPE), в писмена форма. – Уважаеми колеги, през последните 25 години Албания претърпя съществени промени и стои твърдо на своя демократичен път. Нека дадем заслуженото на усилията и въжделенията на албанския народ за присъединяването на страната към ЕС, който няма да бъде завършен проект, ако всички страни от Западните Балкани не станат негови членове. Нека подкрепим с тази резолюция исканията на албанците за реформиране на страната си, за върховенство на закона, за успешно преследване на организираната престъпност и корупцията.

Няма съмнение, че независимата съдебна система е крайъгълен камък за напредъка на страната по пътя към ЕС и необходимите реформи за постигане на такава съдебна система, както са предписани от Венецианската комисия, трябва да се случат с политическа воля, с гражданска подкрепа и с помощ от ЕС.

Не по-малко важни са и другите реформи по 5-те ключови приоритета - избирателна система, свободни медии, прозрачна публична администрация и укрепване на основни граждански права и свободи. Така например все още не е признато българското малцинство в страната, което може да стане и условие за членство в ЕС.

На всички ни е ясно, че Албания има сериозни и трудни препятствия за преодоляване по пътя на напредъка към европейско членство, но една Албания в ЕС стратегически означава повече регионална стабилност.