Index 
 Précédent 
 Suivant 
 Texte intégral 
Procédure : 2014/2205(INI)
Cycle de vie en séance
Cycle relatif au document : A8-0043/2016

Textes déposés :

A8-0043/2016

Débats :

PV 14/04/2016 - 5
CRE 14/04/2016 - 5

Votes :

PV 14/04/2016 - 7.13
Explications de votes

Textes adoptés :

P8_TA(2016)0137

Compte rendu in extenso des débats
Jeudi 14 avril 2016 - Strasbourg

5. Secteur privé et développement (brève présentation)
Vidéo des interventions
Procès-verbal
MPphoto
 

  Presidente. – L'ordine del giorno reca la breve presentazione della relazione di Nirj Deva, a nome della commissione per lo sviluppo, su Settore privato e sviluppo (2014/2205(INI)) (A8-0043/2016).

 
  
MPphoto
 

  Nirj Deva, rapporteur. Mr President, my report on the private sector in development breaks new ground. It provides a solution to the huge financial shortfalls in funding created by the development agenda for the next 15 years. The success of the millennium development goals in the past 15 years has provided ample evidence of how to get it right in the next 15 years, but one billion people still live on less than USD 1.25 per day and more than 800 million people do not have enough food to eat. Poverty is not eliminated by hand-outs. It is only wealth creation that ends poverty. We have 15 years to fix that with the new 17 sustainable development goals announced at the United Nations last year. But how can we fund this? Lofty ambitions to end poverty in all its forms everywhere come with a huge price tag. Climate change mitigation alone will cost USD 250 billion. The United Nations Conference on Trade and Development projects a funding gap – yes, I repeat, a funding gap – of USD 2.5 trillion for the sustainable development goals. This is a staggering sum, a sum that is beyond comprehension to our European taxpayers, a sum that the already struggling European taxpayer cannot even begin to shoulder.

My report highlights that such a funding shortfall can be adequately met only if the private sector is involved in development, not through more taxes, but through partnership. But first we have to end the tax fraud in developing countries, which accounts for losses of nearly 1 trillion annually through illicit funding. Money that should stay in those countries is brought to Europe and other offshore accounts and hidden away by the elite of those countries. We have to make sure that those funds stay in those countries to be used for the development of those countries. Secondly, we have to demand that the OECD members match their 1970 pledge of 0.7% of GNI. Thirdly, the sustainable development goals will require the drive, the managerial skill and the commitment of our private sector partners, for it is the private sector which creates 90% of jobs and income for poor people in developing countries, alongside donors, civil society and trade partners. Fourthly, public-private partnerships must mobilise long-term – not short-term – private finance and hold the private sector accountable to public sector tendering processes, transparency and scrutiny.

So this report calls for the private sector to invest in building and running schools; digging for wells and irrigating agriculture; building, running and maintaining hospitals and hospital services; building, owning, and operating roads, airports, and harbours; and setting up meat-, fruit- and vegetable-processing factories, all of which will create jobs and wealth in the developing countries, done in partnership with the public sector and pump-primed by EU development assistance.

If we mean to offer the billion people still living in abject poverty the dignity of work and of earning a living wage, then we must seize this opportunity before us now and get on with it. I therefore commend this report to Parliament and, in doing so, I want to thank my colleagues in the Development Committee from all the political groups who have assisted and supported me in this, and I particularly thank Ms Ingrid Russell, my research assistant, for doing all the hard work.

 
  
 

Procedura catch-the-eye

 
  
MPphoto
 

  Bogdan Brunon Wenta (PPE). Panie przewodniczący! Sektor prywatny stanowi ponad 80% PKB krajów rozwijających się. To klucz do wzrostu gospodarczego, rozwoju handlu i innowacji. Jednak lokalne przedsiębiorstwa stoją często w obliczu wyzwań takich jak słaba infrastruktura czy brak finansowania. Dlatego też firmy inwestujące w tych państwach muszą mieć świadomość odpowiedzialności społecznej i działać w sposób, który wspiera zrównoważony wzrost gospodarczy oraz tworzenie nowych miejsc pracy, ze względu m.in. na specyfikę uwarunkowań.

Warto inwestować w regiony, w których potencjał ograniczenia ubóstwa jest najwyższy, ale bez szkód dla środowiska naturalnego. Budowanie lokalnego potencjału poprzez edukację jest korzystne dla obydwu stron: przedsiębiorstwa zyskują wyszkolonych pracowników, dając im szansę na poprawę warunków życia. Europejskie przedsiębiorstwa powinny postępować zgodnie z ustalonymi międzynarodowymi normami niezależnie od miejsca, w którym prowadzą działalność. W tym kontekście ważne jest zapewnienie, aby w przypadku nadużyć osoby poszkodowane miały prawo do rekompensaty i dostęp do wymiaru sprawiedliwości w kraju, w którym przedsiębiorstwo podejmowało działania.

 
  
MPphoto
 

  Maria Grapini (S&D). Domnule președinte, doresc să felicit mai întâi raportorul. Eu cred și susțin că sectorul privat este singura soluție pentru combaterea sărăciei. Obiectivele de dezvoltare durabilă - sigur, sunt 17, spunea raportorul - dar trebuie să vedem rezultatele. IMM-urile din Europa sunt încă fragile, slab capitalizate și fără putere de inovare și retehnologizare. Deficiența de finanțare poate fi compensată prin scăderea presiunii fiscale și eliminarea fraudei fiscale - vedem ce se întâmplă cu fenomenul Panama. De ce nu ar putea fi eliminată frauda și scăzută presiunea fiscală?

Parteneriatele public-privat sunt extrem de importante pentru sectorul privat. Creează plusvaloare și locuri de muncă. Sărăcia are legătură directă cu dezvoltarea sectorului privat. Statele membre și Comisia trebuie să înțeleagă că sprijinirea sectorului privat nu înseamnă aducerea banilor în buzunarul unor persoane, ci înseamnă dezvoltarea economică a fiecărui stat membru.

 
  
MPphoto
 

  Νότης Μαριάς ( ECR). Κύριε Πρόεδρε, η έκθεση συνεχίζει τη στρατηγική της Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης σε αναπτυσσόμενες χώρες. Μια στρατηγική αντίγραφο της νεοαποικιακής πολιτικής που διακρίνεται από τον ωφελιμισμό, από μία υπεροπτική προσέγγιση που προδιαθέτει τον κόσμο σε μια συνταγή ανάπτυξης στα πρότυπα της Δυτικής Ευρώπης. Αυτό το πρότυπο όμως πλέον, εσχάτως λειτουργεί και στην ίδια την Ευρώπη. Η μοναδική καινοτομία της έκθεσης είναι ότι πλέον ο ιδιωτικός τομέας αναλαμβάνει πρωταγωνιστικό ρόλο στις επενδύσεις, με κίνδυνο να χαθεί πλήρως o δημόσιος έλεγχος των δραστηριοτήτων των ευρωπαϊκών εταιρειών σε τρίτες χώρες.

Τα panama papers απέδειξαν, για ακόμη μια φορά, ότι οι πολυεθνικές επιχειρήσεις δραστηριοποιούνται με τέτοιο τρόπο που δημιουργούν ιδιαίτερα προβλήματα. Οι επενδύσεις τους στις αναπτυσσόμενες χώρες δεν λύνουν το πρόβλημα της υπανάπτυξης, αλλά αντίθετα το επιτείνουν, ενώ παραμένουν τυφλές, ως εταιρείες και δράσεις, στην οικολογική κρίση με αποτέλεσμα, επίσης, να αυξάνουν και τις μεταναστευτικές ροές στην Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση προς μη διαχειρίσιμα επίπεδα.

 
  
MPphoto
 

  Heidi Hautala (Verts/ALE). Mr President, it is very clear that there is a huge financing gap for development. So, in addition to official development assistance, the private sector must be mobilised for development and solving global challenges. I think that, at best, an environment which is conducive to the private sector and business is one where good governance, accountability and transparency rules and which is predictable for all.

However, I believe that, when enterprises enter into the field of development, they have to be practising due diligence, so that they really understand the conditions on the ground; that what they are doing has to be genuinely in favour of alleviating poverty, addressing climate change and creating local livelihoods, in a sustainable way, and also respecting the rights of indigenous peoples and women, etc. I believe that, if we come to this kind of communication between the private sector and other development actors, we can really achieve something.

 
  
MPphoto
 

  Krisztina Morvai (NI). Mr President, I would like to congratulate Mr Deva. Let me briefly outline to you three different models for alleviating poverty in the developing world and providing jobs: firstly, big Western investors, including multinationals, going to the area, utilising their agricultural land and natural resources and providing jobs for local people; secondly, lots of food, dumping on local markets and therefore preventing local farmers from growing; and thirdly, supporting local small and medium-sized enterprises and local farmers. Which of the three would you prefer and support?

 
  
 

(Fine della procedura catch-the-eye)

 
  
MPphoto
 

  Marianne Thyssen, Member of the Commission. Mr President, it is with pleasure that I welcome the report on the private sector and development. It is a significant contribution to a full and coherent expression of the European Union’s institutions on the importance of the private sector’s role in development. The report reflects the priorities and challenges identified in the 2014 Commission communication, ‘A stronger role of the private sector in achieving inclusive and sustainable growth in developing countries’, and in the Council conclusions of June and December 2014. The main challenge in our cooperation with developing countries remains achieving inclusive and sustainable growth and creating decent jobs. For example, as it is expected that Africa’s population will double by 2050, we need to help it create at least 400 million new jobs. This requires sustainable investment to diversify our partners’ economies and link them to global value chains. Official development assistance is essential but not enough. Domestic resource mobilisation is key, and we must also catalyse private funding flows.

The European Union blending framework is a successful tool for achieving European Union external policy objectives by leveraging public and private funds. Discussions in the EU platform for blending, involving the European Parliament, include exchanges on the issue of private sector engagement in blending. In this context, Mr President, I expect that, from the programmed resources for the 2014-2020 period, EUR 4.8 billion of EU grants could leverage at least EUR 66 billion in investments from financial institutions and private investors in partner countries in sub-Saharan Africa, Asia and Latin America. The Commission remains committed to ensuring and enhancing the local ownership of blended projects by involving partner countries and regional organisations. This strategy would be implemented also through innovative instruments such as ‘electrify’ or ‘agrify’ initiatives, which have been developed to promote private sector investments in rural electrification and agriculture. Structured dialogue and multi-stakeholder approaches with the private sector and civil society organisations are key elements in our strategy. We need partnerships that encourage businesses to put sustainability at the core of their strategies and to promote innovative, inclusive business models. The Commission will invest over EUR 2 billion to support global private sector development and facilitate responsible and inclusive partner sector investment in development by 2020. The Commission will implement this strategy through national and regional indicative programmes and through thematic programmes.

European economic diplomacy can help mobilise European investments, with mutual benefits for the sending and receiving countries in terms of growth and jobs. The necessary support would be needed to allow these investments also to take place in economically riskier and emerging parts of the world. The intervention of the private sector is also crucial for the transformational objectives of the Social Development Goals and the climate change commitments. In this regard, coordination with the EU Member States and respect for the principle of subsidiarity are important elements of the Commission’s approach, fully in line with the SDGs and the Addis Ababa Action Agenda. The private sector is sending signals that it is ready to work with us to become a true financing and implementing partner in achieving sustainable growth in developing countries. I urge you to help seize this opportunity.

 
  
MPphoto
 

  Presidente. – Con questo si conclude il punto.

La votazione si svolgerà giovedì 14 aprile 2016.

Dichiarazioni scritte (articolo 162)

 
  
MPphoto
 
 

  Cătălin Sorin Ivan (S&D), in writing. The private sector plays a crucial role in development. I believe that the private sector’s central focus in development should regard poverty reduction and diminishing income inequality. However, there are other areas in which the private sector’s expertise and effectiveness are needed, such as climate change.

 
Avis juridique - Politique de confidentialité