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Woensdag 26 oktober 2016 - Straatsburg Herziene uitgave

16. Nucleaire beveiliging en non-proliferatie (debat)
Video van de redevoeringen
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  La Présidente. – L'ordre du jour appelle le débat sur la déclaration de la vice-présidente de la Commission et haute représentante de l'Union pour les affaires étrangères et la politique de sécurité sur la sécurité et la non-prolifération nucléaires (2016/2936(RSP)).

 
  
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  Corina Crețu, on behalf of the Vice-President of the Commission/High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy. – Madam President, thank you for this opportunity to address the issues of nuclear security and non-proliferation. The Vice-President/High Representative is in the Dominican Republic at a very important conference for Latin America.

I will begin my remarks by saying that first of all, the risk of terrorists releasing nuclear or radiological materials needs to be taken into account in our overall efforts to prevent terrorist attacks. Responsibility for ensuring nuclear security lies with national governments, but international cooperation in this area is and will remain crucial. The EU is strongly committed to ensuring the highest level of nuclear security, both in Europe and worldwide. I have said before, during our debate on Belarus, what we are doing, and we are very much concerned about what is happening in this field. The commitment of the EU to nuclear security and the progress achieved in recent years are described in detail in a joint staff working document issued on 9 March 2016 entitled ‘EU efforts to strengthen nuclear security’. Allow me now to briefly highlight some of the EU policies and actions.

As regards the legislative framework, the Euratom Treaty continues to be the basis of the EU’s activity on nuclear issues. Through Euratom, the EU operates an effective regional nuclear safeguard system, which includes nuclear material accountancy, verification through onsite inspections, regular reporting, and technical and scientific support for the EU Member States. All this in close cooperation, of course, with the International Atomic Energy Agency.

The EU can claim major credit for promoting the entry into force, in May this year, of the crucial 2005 amendment to the Convention on the Physical Protection of Nuclear Material. All 28 EU Member States, as well as Euratom, have ratified the amendment and the European External Action Service has conducted diplomatic outreach on behalf of its entry into force. The European Union will continue to help states to fully implement the provisions of the amended Convention and the Atomic Energy Agency to promote universal adherence to it.

In the area of combatting illicit trafficking of nuclear and radiological materials, the EU has supported the effective implementation worldwide of UN Security Council Resolution 1540 through financing and capacity building. We have established a network of chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear centres of excellence, which today counts 54 partner countries in eight regions of the world, with about 50 projects funded and around 300 people trained. It is funded under the Instrument contributing to Stability and Peace, in accordance with the EU CBRN Action Plan of 2010. The EU supports the central role of the International Atomic Energy [agency], and international cooperation for improving the level of nuclear security worldwide, and is looking forward to the International Conference on Nuclear Security being organised from 5 to 9 December 2016 in Vienna.

Turning now to nuclear non-proliferation, the new EU global strategy, unveiled in June this year, confirmed that the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction and their delivery systems remains a growing threat to Europe and the wider world. The European Union will strongly support the expanding membership, universalisation, full implementation and the enforcement of multilateral disarmament, non-proliferation and arms control treaties and regimes. We will use every means at our disposal to assist in resolving the proliferation crisis as we successfully did on the Iranian nuclear programme. More specifically, I would like to mention two major treaties, the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty and the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty, as well as a couple of regional issues.

The European Union and its Member States agree on the importance of upholding and strengthening the authority and integrity of the NPT which has contributed to international peace, security and stability for more than 40 years. We call for the implementation of all obligations and commitments assumed under the Treaty or undertaken during the previous review conferences. The European Union has been and remains a strong supporter of the CTBT and its organisation and is working towards the entry into force of the Treaty. Of course, all 28 Member States have ratified this Treaty, and together with all the Member States in this 20th anniversary year of the Treaty’s opening for signature, the European Union is conducting a number of actions promoting the Treaty and its organisation, based on an action plan adopted at the beginning of the year.

The European Union welcomes the recent UN Security Council Resolution 2310 which urges all states that have either not signed or ratified this Treaty to do so without further delay as it is an important step forward towards the entry into force of the Treaty.

I warmly welcome the act that in June this year Parliament’s Committee on Foreign Affairs (AFET) held an exchange of views on this Treaty, with the participation of the Executive Secretary Mr Zerbo and of course High Representative Mogherini.

Finally, turning to some regional proliferation issues, the European Union has played a key role in the negotiations leading to the nuclear deal with Iran, the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action, and we have already issued three reports confirming that Iran is sticking to its nuclear commitments. High Representative Mogherini, as coordinator of the Joint Commission, is playing a key role in the implementation of the deal. The EU condemns in the strongest possible terms all the nuclear and ballistic tests conducted by North Korea. Achieving complete, verifiable and irreversible denuclearisation of the Korean peninsula in a peaceful manner is essential for maintaining peace and stability on the Korean peninsula and in North-East Asia at large. Thank you for your attention, and I am looking forward to our debate.

 
  
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  Андрей Ковачев, от името на групата PPE. – Г-жо Председател, г-жо Комисар, понятия от моето детство като „атомно убежище“ и „обучения в случай на ядрен взрив“, за които смятах, че принадлежат на миналото, за съжаление се завръщат. Безумно, самоубийствено и варварско е да се използват ядрени оръжия, било то само за заплаха или за постигане на геополитически цели.

Давам два примера: преди няколко години Русия разположи ракетни комплекси, които могат да носят ядрени глави в Калининград – съвсем близо или на самата граница на Европейския съюз. Притеснителни са и изказванията на водещи руски политици, че Русия има право да разположи и съхранява ядрени оръжия на територията на Крим. Не по-малко е тревожна и новата руска доктрина от 2014 г., която позволява използването на ядрени оръжия срещу страни, които не притежават такива, както и решението на Русия да прекрати руско-американското споразумение за утилизация на плутоний и да го свърже с недопустими искания.

Преди месец Северна Корея проведе поредния си ядрен опит в грубо нарушение на резолюциите на ООН и се предполага, че вече може да монтира бойни глави на ракетите си. Северна Корея трябва да спазва международните си задължения, като се върне на масата на преговорите и прекрати незабавно ядрената си програма.

Увеличаването на сигурността на ядрените оръжия, позиционирани в неядрени държави, като например в Турция в непосредствена близост до военните действия в Сирия, също трябва да бъде наш непосредствен приоритет. Един от най-опасните сценарии е попадането на ядрени въоръжения в ръцете на терористични групи или недържавни образувания.

Подсилването на мандата на Международната агенция за атомна енергия и включването на клаузи за неразпространение на оръжия за масово поразяване в договорите на Европейския съюз с трети държави са стъпки в правилната посока.

 
  
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  Ana Gomes, em nome do Grupo S&D. – Senhora Presidente, a resolução, o Parlamento, podem fazer diferença por um alargado consenso num tema central para a segurança global. Não há desculpas nem vale a pena arranjar escapatórias para tentar justificar o injustificável. Quem não apoiar esta resolução terá muito a explicar aos cidadãos europeus que se preocupam com o futuro da Humanidade.

A resolução centra-se em três pontos: em primeiro lugar, um apelo à proibição todas as armas nucleares e à participação construtiva da União Europeia na conferência internacional proposta pelo Grupo de Trabalho Aberto da ONU, aprovada na Assembleia Geral por larga maioria, para negociar o instrumento juridicamente vinculativo para o desarmamento nuclear multilateral.

Em segundo lugar, atribuir um mandato à Alta Representante com o poder de contribuir para essas mesmas negociações, em linha com a estratégia global aprovada. Foi a própria Sra. Mogherini quem o sugeriu aqui, nesta Casa. Uma resolução do Parlamento Europeu podia desatar a mordaça que alguns Estados-Membros lhe querem impor nesta matéria, que envolve também o combate a uma das mais assustadoras formas de ameaça terrorista, como sublinhou, de resto, a Sra. Comissária Crețu.

Terceiro, é esta a última oportunidade que temos para aprovar uma resolução sobre desarmamento nuclear antes do início da nova ronda de negociações a nível internacional. Não o fazer será ficar conscientemente à margem, no ano em que se celebra o 20.° aniversário da abertura da assinatura do Tratado de Proibição de Testes Nucleares. Estas negociações, a serem bem-sucedidas, virão reforçar objetivos e obrigações de não proliferação e desarmamento do Tratado de Não Proliferação das Armas Nucleares, de que mesmo os Estados nucleares da União Europeia são signatários, ajudando a criar condições para um mundo sem armas nucleares, com tremendo saldo transformativo para a Humanidade nos planos político, económico e, obviamente, na segurança global.

Agradeço a colaboração de todos os colegas e grupos políticos que contribuíram para o texto muito substancial na resolução que amanhã votaremos.

 
  
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  Anna Elżbieta Fotyga, on behalf of the ECR Group. – Madam President, for a long time, Russia was considered a responsible steward of nuclear arsenals. This situation changed rapidly with the annexation of Crimea and militarisation of this peninsula. This step not only undermined the Budapest Memorandum but the whole system of international non-proliferation and the credibility of this system. It was aggravated quite recently by the deployment of Iskander-M nuclear-capable missiles to Kaliningrad and the testing of further missiles. International communities should reconsider their policies vis-à-vis Russia and find an effective way of deterring this country.

 
  
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  Urmas Paet, on behalf of the ALDE Group. – Madam President, the European security situation has grown increasingly fragile. The global security environment has deteriorated considerably, bringing about different threats. This brings us to an era where more and more states see nuclear weapons as an active deterrent, and we are faced with a situation where, instead of reducing the number of nuclear weapons in the world, we see their re-emergence.

In addition to states actively developing their nuclear weapons, for example North Korea and others like Russia, boasting around making statements on the importance of nuclear deterrence, bringing Iskander short-range missiles to Kaliningrad and conducting exercises and overflights flights involving nuclear-capable systems, there is also a threat of terrorism. The fear that terrorists will get a hold on either a nuclear weapon or materials is real, and all countries must be vigilant to make sure that this will not happen.

In order to decrease the possibility of a huge nuclear disaster in this world of serious contradictions, we have to reduce the number of nuclear weapons, with the aim of eliminating them altogether. This cannot be done by any nuclear state alone but needs to be a concerted effort. We must come to an understanding that, in order to reduce the amount of nuclear weapons, all nuclear states must do that. There are different possibilities for achieving a world free of nuclear weapons. The ratification and implementation of the international legal instruments regarding nuclear security must be broadened. The CTBT treaty should be ratified by states that have not yet done so. The Non-Proliferation Treaty needs to be further strengthened. To effectively counter nuclear terrorism we need international cooperation, including the sharing of information between states. Also, it is important for the nuclear states to have a dialogue and decide on a legally-binding instrument to prohibit nuclear weapons.

 
  
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  Sabine Lösing, im Namen der GUE/NGL-Fraktion. – Frau Präsidentin! Der Atomwaffensperrvertrag war die Konsequenz aus dem Abwurf der Atombomben auf Hiroshima und Nagasaki.

Die USA und damit die heute führende Macht in der NATO, die als Friedensgarant bezeichnet wird, ist der einzige Staat, der die fürchterlichen Atombomben gegen Zivilisten eingesetzt hat. Die Drohung mit Atomwaffen ist kein legitimes politisches oder militärisches Mittel – darf es nie wieder sein! Doch auch zwei Jahrzehnte nach Ende des Kalten Krieges sind Tausende von Kernwaffen weltweit eine schreckliche Bedrohung.

Dieser Bedrohung kann nur ein fester Friedenswille Herr werden. Ein Friedenswille, der durch vertrauensbildende Maßnahmen bezeugt wird, so die von der UN-Arbeitsgruppe vorgeschlagene Konferenz im nächsten Jahr und die Verhandlungen über rechtsverbindliche Maßnahmen zur Abschaffung aller Atomwaffen.

Unabdingbar ist, dass durch alle Atomwaffenstaaten und im Rahmen der NATO-Strategie der Ersteinsatz ausgeschlossen wird, der Stopp aller Modernisierungspläne für Atomwaffen und Trägermittel sowie der Abzug aller US-Kernwaffen von europäischem Boden. Notwendig sind ein multilateraler und von allen Staaten unterzeichneter und ratifizierter Vertrag zur vollständigen nuklearen Abrüstung, bis dahin keine Weiterverbreitung und ein Verbot von Kernwaffentests, sowie die Einrichtung eines effektiven Kontroll- und Durchführungssystems.

Ohne ein substanzielles und nachhaltiges Voranschreiten hin zu einer nuklearwaffenfreien Welt bleibt diese Bedrohung für die Menschheit unkontrollierbar.

 
  
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  Klaus Buchner, im Namen der Verts/ALE-Fraktion. – Frau Präsidentin! Ich habe mein Konzept geändert. Ich bin zwar einer der Autoren des Berichts, über den morgen abgestimmt wird, aber Ihre Rede, Frau Kommissarin, hat mich dazu gebracht, ein ganz anderes Problem anzusprechen.

In Europa, z. B. in München, gibt es immer noch Forschungsreaktoren, die mit hochangereichertem Uran arbeiten. Dieses Uran ist der wesentliche Bestandteil von Atombomben. Jeder, der diese Sorte von Reaktoren hat, hat praktisch die Bombe. Bitte setzen Sie sich dafür ein, dass jetzt endlich alle Forschungsreaktoren umgerüstet werden auf mittelangereichertes Uran und vor allem dafür, dass das auch außerhalb der Europäischen Union geschieht, wo die Lage noch viel gefährlicher ist. Jeder Terrorist kann damit Atombomben bauen.

 
  
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  Laurențiu Rebega, în numele grupului ENF. – Agenda privind securitatea nucleară înseamnă mult mai mult decât acordul semnat anul trecut cu Iranul. Cu toate că Uniunea Europeană își arogă drepturile unei victorii decisive în relația cu autoritățile de la Teheran, nu trebuie să pierdem din vedere imaginea de ansamblu a securității, care indică, de cele mai multe ori, faptul că preocupările Bruxelles-ului rămân disproporționate. Uităm că povestea de succes a relației Uniunii Europene cu Iranul este umbrită de exerciții nucleare non-convenționale care au loc în diferite părți ale globului, războaie asimetrice și hibride, amenințări cibernetice și acte de terorism. Acestora li se adaugă rezultatele neconcludente ale ultimului summit privind securitatea nucleară, care a avut loc la Washington în urmă cu câteva luni, unde Iranul a fost unul dintre cei mai mari absenți. Consider că acest acord este prezentat într-o lumină favorabilă Uniunii Europene care, însă, pune în valoare doar un succes de moment, când, de fapt, situația este incompletă și părtinitoare. Au trecut deja 46 de ani de la ratificarea tratatului de neproliferare nucleară, iar ceea ce s-a reușit, într-adevăr, anul trecut, rămâne deocamdată doar o victorie relativă și puternic mediatizată.

 
  
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  Julie Ward (S&D). – Madam President, I am very glad to see this resolution being brought for a debate in the European Parliament, which I hope will allow the EU to engage in the important international process that is taking place at the UN today. Over the last few years, civil society activists, academics, diplomats and governments have worked to make clear to the international community that the humanitarian impacts of nuclear weapons are so utterly horrific that they cannot be justified under international law. Together we must work to make that an international consensus, which will make our world safer and more humane. The international community has already worked to ban landmines, chemical and biological weapons, and cluster bombs. Now we must work together for a world free of nuclear weapons. The EU and its Member States must engage constructively in these diplomatic efforts next year, and I hope to see Federica Mogherini playing an important role in that as well.

 
  
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  Илхан Кючюк ( ALDE). – Г-жо Председател, г-жо Комисар, разпространението и потенциалното използване на ядрено оръжие продължава да бъде една от най-сериозните тревоги за световната общност и да носи заплаха за сигурността на Европейския съюз. За съжаление през последните години международният мир и стабилността са сериозно разклатени, а голяма част от държавите, притежаващи ядрени оръжия, модернизират и подсилват своите арсенали. Средата за сигурност в съседните на Европейския съюз държави се влоши значително и това все по-силно налага да се стремим към свят без ядрени оръжия.

Европейският съюз трябва да впрегне всички свои дипломатически ресурси и да работи за постигане на напредък по отношение на прогресивното съкращаване на запасите от ядрени бойни глави и пълно ядрено разоръжаване в световен мащаб. Също така, предвид нестихващата заплаха от тероризъм, трябва да работим съвместно с международната общност за прилагане на ефективни мерки, които да предотвратят възможността ядреното оръжие да попадне в ръцете на терористични, криминални и недържавни организации.

 
  
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  Helmut Scholz (GUE/NGL). – Frau Präsidentin, Frau Kommissarin! Der Schweizer Außenminister Burkhalter hat jüngst ein außenpolitisches Dilemma – auch der EU – auf den Punkt gebracht. Ich zitiere: „Trotz aktueller geopolitischer Krisen muss die nukleare Abrüstung vorangetrieben werden“.

Deshalb Ja zur zentralen Forderung der Entschließung. Die Hohe Vertreterin möge einen konstruktiven Beitrag zu den laufenden Arbeiten der UNO, einschließlich der Konferenz im nächsten Jahr, leisten, die darauf abzielen, Instrumente mit bindender Kraft, mit umfassendem Ansatz und mit der Vermeidung von Doppelstandards zur multilateralen Abrüstung zu entwickeln.

Bezogen auf unsere Entschließung möchte ich aber auch sagen: Vieles steht in dem Text, seine Sprache und seine Analyse legen aber die diesbezüglichen Interessen der EU und ihrer Mitgliedstaaten nicht frei. So wird der Kernwaffenbesitz von EU-Staaten komplett ausgeblendet und andere zentralen werden Frage ebenso wenig thematisiert. NATO-Beschlusslage ist: In den nächsten 5 Jahren wird in den EU-Staaten eine technologisch neue Präzisionsbombe B61-12 stationiert. Welches Interesse sollte die EU an einer Modernisierung von nuklearen Waffen- und Trägersystemen haben, die wegen der Langfristigkeit bereits laufender Planungen die EU bis mindestens in die zweite Hälfte dieses Jahrhunderts finanziell, politisch und militärisch bindet?

 
  
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  Brando Benifei (S&D). – Signora Presidente, onorevoli colleghi, dopo che un anno e mezzo fa in questa stessa Aula constatavamo con amarezza la mancanza di una posizione ufficiale del Parlamento sulla Conferenza di revisione del trattato di non proliferazione, finalmente ora il Parlamento si esprime con una risoluzione, per la prima volta condivisa dalle maggiori forze politiche, per dare al nostro Alto rappresentante un mandato chiaro per intervenire nel dibattito sul disarmo e sulla non proliferazione, giunto in una fase molto delicata. In un contesto di sicurezza globale ulteriormente peggiorato, possiamo annoverare il successo dello storico accordo con l'Iran, grazie al ruolo svolto da Federica Mogherini, ma la speranza di giungere a una condivisione globale sul tema del disarmo nucleare verso il Global Zero sembra ora quanto mai compromessa. Eppure dobbiamo proseguire il dialogo per tenere alto il tema nell'agenda internazionale. Il documento conclusivo di agosto dell'Open-Ended Working Group delle Nazioni Unite, in cui si chiede la convocazione di una conferenza nel 2017 per negoziare uno strumento legale per l'abolizione delle armi nucleari, è un impulso decisamente positivo. E oggi chiediamo all'Alto rappresentante Mogherini di lavorare attivamente alla preparazione della conferenza.

 
  
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  Doru-Claudian Frunzulică (S&D). – Madame la Présidente, je dois m'excuser, car j'ai préparé mon intervention en anglais sans savoir que vous alliez présider cette séance.

I welcome the agreement reached on this resolution but, at the same time, I would like to express my deep concern for the many nuclear threats that are arising in different parts of the world. North Korea continues to reject UN security resolutions and to conduct nuclear tests. This is not tolerable and has to be condemned by all means. Russia has deployed short-range missiles (the so-called ‘Iskander’ missiles) in the Kaliningrad area and, possibly, in Crimea. This deteriorating situation is extremely dangerous for the security of the Atlantic area for Europe, especially in the north and in the Black Sea region. The fact that they believe they have the right to deploy nuclear weapons in Europe in these two areas – in the north and in the south – represents a serious global threat to Europe and to the European Union. The European Union, together with NATO, should respond accordingly.

 
  
 

Interventions à la demande

 
  
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  Νότης Μαριάς ( ECR). – Κυρία Πρόεδρε, θεωρώ σημαντική την πρωτοβουλία του Ευρωπαϊκού Κοινοβουλίου να συζητήσει αυτό το ψήφισμα με στόχο την πλήρη απαγόρευση των πυρηνικών όπλων, που σημαίνει, πρώτα από όλα, απαγόρευση των πυρηνικών δοκιμών. Δεύτερον, απαγόρευση της διάδοσης του πυρηνικού οπλοστασίου. Τρίτον, πυρηνικό αφοπλισμό.

Αλλά αυτό πρέπει να συνειδητοποιήσουμε ότι δεν αφορά μόνο τρίτες χώρες. Πρέπει να αφορά και τις χώρες μέλη της Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης. Και αυτό πρέπει να γίνει σαφές, διότι τόση ώρα ακούμε για άλλες χώρες πλην των χωρών της Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης.

Πέραν τούτου, όμως, πυρηνικό ατύχημα μπορεί να συμβεί και σε περίπτωση ειρηνικής χρήσης της πυρηνικής ενέργειας. Και αυτό το ξέρουμε πάρα πολύ καλά. Αλλά δεν ακούω να γίνεται αναφορά σε αυτό και συνεχίζουν να λειτουργούν μονάδες, όπως τα πυρηνικά εργοστάσια της Ντοέλ ή της Τιχάνζ στο Βέλγιο, που έπρεπε να έχουν κλείσει από το 2015. Υπάρχει το Κοζλοντούι στη Βουλγαρία που είναι κίνδυνος - θάνατος. Με αυτά τα θέματα τι θα γίνει; Θα τα εξετάσουμε, κυρία Επίτροπε;

 
  
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  Γεώργιος Επιτήδειος ( NI). – Κυρία Πρόεδρε, παρά το γεγονός ότι έχουν περάσει περισσότερα από 25 χρόνια από τη λήξη του Ψυχρού Πολέμου, ο κίνδυνος της πυρηνικής απειλής για την υφήλιο δεν έχει εκλείψει. Υπάρχουν μεγάλες ποσότητες πυρηνικών όπλων σε πολλά κράτη, τα οποία είναι αποθηκευμένα, σε πολλές περιπτώσεις, υπό συνθήκες που δεν πληρούν τις προϋποθέσεις ασφαλείας.

Αυτά λοιπόν ή κάποια από αυτά τα όπλα μπορεί να κλαπούν από τρομοκράτες, οπότε η καταστροφή που θα προκύψει θα είναι εφιαλτική. Επίσης υπάρχει ενδεχόμενο χώρες που διαθέτουν πυρηνικά όπλα να τα χρησιμοποιήσουν όταν μία μεγάλη κρίση ξεφύγει από τα πλαίσια της λογικής. Άλλες επίσης χώρες κάνουν πυρηνικές δοκιμές.

Για αυτό λοιπόν η Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση, βασιζόμενη στην εμπειρία που απέκτησε από τις συναλλαγές και τις επαφές που είχε με το Ιράν σχετικά με το πυρηνικό του πρόγραμμα, πρέπει να αναλάβει πρωτοβουλία, να έρθει σε συνεργασία με τις χώρες που διαθέτουν πυρηνικά όπλα, ούτως ώστε να περιοριστεί η διάδοση των πυρηνικών όπλων, να αποτραπεί η παράνομη διακίνηση πυρηνικού υλικού και να σταματήσουν οι πυρηνικές δοκιμές. Έτσι θα υπάρξει πυρηνική ασφάλεια διεθνώς.

 
  
 

(Fin des interventions à la demande)

 
  
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  Corina Crețu, on behalf of the Vice-President of the Commission/High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy. – Madam President, before going to my closing remarks on this issue, I would like just to reiterate the solidarity of the Commission with Italy and the Italian people who this evening, in less than two hours, were hit by two very strong earthquakes. As the Commission, as part of regional policy, we are in contact with the Italian authorities and I can assure you that we will do whatever it takes in order to help after this new tragedy which hit Italy again this evening.

On the issue we are talking about, thank you for this exchange of views. Let me assure you that, in line with the new global strategy, the European Union will continue strongly to support the universalisation and effective implementation of multilateral disarmament, non—proliferation and arms control treaties and regimes.

The European Union will also actively participate in export control regimes, strengthen common rules governing Member States’ export policies on military equipment and technologies, including dual use, and support export control authorities in the third countries and technical bodies that sustain the international regimes.

EU Member States remain committed to the pursuit of nuclear disarmament, in accordance with Article 6 of the Non—Proliferation Treaty. All Non—Proliferation Treaty States parties are committed to pursuing policies that are fully compatible with the Treaty and the objective of achieving a world without nuclear weapons.

The European Union also recalls the commitment of the five nuclear weapon states to accelerate concrete progress on the steps leading to nuclear disarmament in a way that promotes international stability, peace and undiminished and increased security.

We encourage the continuation of meetings between the nuclear weapon states on all three pillars of the Treaty to address confidence-building, transparency, verification, reporting and the implementation of the commitment made at the 2010 Non-Proliferation Treaty Review Conference. We recall the special responsibility of the two states with the largest nuclear arsenals. We look forward to ensuring a successful outcome of the 2020 Review Conference.

 
  
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  La Présidente. – J'ai reçu, conformément à l'article 123, paragraphe 2, du règlement sept propositions de résolution.

Le débat est clos.

Le vote aura lieu demain, le jeudi 27 octobre 2016 à 12 heures.

Déclarations écrites (article 162)

 
  
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  Ramona Nicole Mănescu (PPE), in writing. – Nuclear weapons continue to be a threat. They are used as instruments of intimidation and blackmail. The news from Moscow about the nuclear missile SATAN2, confirms this reality and the fact that old habits do not die. It is not a coincidence that the destructive power of such a weapon is described thus: ‘It can destroy a surface as big as Texas or France’. That’s why we have major credibility problems in relation with countries like Russia, which are expected to be pillars of the international efforts for the non-proliferation of nuclear weapons. We do not have the reassurance that we are heading towards a more peaceful world any more. In a world where terrorism became a global threat and where we can see states, apparently solid, falling into chaos in just months, the presence of nuclear weapons and the risk of them ending up with forces willing to use them is unacceptable. For this reason, I consider that mentioning the need of reaching an agreement on establishing a nuclear-weapons-free-zone in the Middle East is a must. Nuclear weapons do not bring equilibrium and stability but the exact opposite. I strongly believe that diplomatic weapons are more powerful and more efficient than nuclear ones.

 
  
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  João Pimenta Lopes (GUE/NGL), por escrito. – Esta resolução está corroída na base. É absolutamente parcial na análise do problema. Lançando ferozes críticas à Rússia ou à República Popular e Democrática da Coreia, despindo-as de contexto, enquadramento regional e escala, omite o papel que os EUA e as potências nucleares europeias (França e Reino Unido) têm assumido neste particular, nomeadamente prosseguindo a renovação do seu arsenal nuclear e o papel cada vez mais beligerante da NATO.

Registamos a ausência de condenação à política nuclear de Israel, ou de crítica à crescente militarização da UE, à intenção de aumento dos orçamentos militares dos Estados, do aprofundamento da PCSD, da pretensão de uma União Europeia de Defesa paralela à NATO, da descentralização de armas pelos EUA por diferentes países. Absurda e, no entanto, reveladora é a inexistência de qualquer referência à imperiosa defesa da paz, por oposição ao cenário apocalíptico que pode resultar de um conflito nuclear à escala mundial.

Urge a redução e eliminação de armas nucleares e a criação de uma política que bana este tipo de dispositivos, a criação de uma Europa livre de armamento nuclear, e a implementação de iniciativas como as resoluções da ONU de dezembro de 2011 e 2012, de zonas livres de armamento nuclear no Médio Oriente, no Mediterrâneo e no Nordeste de África.

 
Juridische mededeling - Privacybeleid