Doslovný zápis z rozpráv

Streda, 31. mája 2017 - Brusel

13. Nový Európsky konsenzus o rozvoji – Náš svet, naša dôstojnosť, naša budúcnosť (rozprava)

  Die Präsidentin. – Als nächster Punkt der Tagesordnung folgt die Aussprache über die Erklärungen des Rates und der Kommission zum neuen Europäischen Konsens über die Entwicklungspolitik – unsere Welt, unsere Würde, unsere Zukunft (2017/2586(RSP)).

Ich würde Sie gerne davon in Kenntnis setzen, dass wir hier heute eine erstmalige Situation haben: Wie wir wissen, hat Malta Wahlen, und insofern kann der maltesische Vorsitz nicht an dieser Mini-Tagung teilnehmen, und er wird vom kommenden estnischen Vorsitz vertreten. Ich weiß nicht, ob wir eine solche Situation schon je hatten. Ich finde es sehr begrüßenswert, dass hier im Trio sehr wohl zusammengearbeitet wird, und möchte in diesem Zusammenhang den stellvertretenden EU-Minister Estlands, Herrn Matti Maasikas, herzlich grüßen.

  Matti Maasikas, amtierender Ratspräsident. – Frau Präsidentin! Ich danke Ihnen sehr für diese sehr freundliche Einleitung.

I would like to thank the honourable Members for giving me the opportunity to address you all on this very important issue. Some of you might be surprised to see me here some weeks earlier than the actual start of the Estonian Presidency, but for the reasons explained by the Vice-President, the current Maltese Presidency was not able to attend this session.

The new European consensus on development has been amongst the priorities of the Council and will guide the EU’s development cooperation for the years to come. As you know, our institutions have considerably accelerated the pace of the interinstitutional negotiations since February this year.

You will probably also recall that five intensive, yet very constructive, trilateral meetings between the European Parliament, the Council and the Commission, paved the way for the adoption of the consensus by the EU Development Ministers at their meeting of 19 May. Similarly, I look forward to the vote which will take place in this House tomorrow, and hopefully allow for all the pieces of this complex puzzle to be in place ahead of the joint signature during the European Development Days on 7 June.

Let me stress here that the Council is very proud of this common achievement. It was only possible thanks to the high level of commitment of all parties to come to a common understanding and a shared agenda for the future of EU development policy over the next 15 years. The primary aim will be the eradication of poverty. In line with the Lisbon Treaty and the EU global strategy on foreign and security policy, the consensus will also help to achieve the priorities of the EU’s external policy.

As we all know, the EU remains the world’s largest development aid donor, providing more than half of assistance world-wide. The adoption of the consensus is a key EU deliverable in the commitment to globally implement the 2030 Agenda and support partner countries in achieving the sustainable development goals. The EU is sending an important signal to the global community, notably to the UN High Level Political Forum in July, on how it will support partner countries in their endeavour to implement the 2030 Agenda and achieve the sustainable development goals.

The new consensus for development is articulated around the ‘five Ps’ of Agenda 2030: people, planet, prosperity, peace and partnerships. Our top priorities will be to work towards the eradication of poverty, to reduce inequalities and promote social inclusion, to promote good governance, to ensure human and economic development, to tackle global issues such as the fight against hunger, to protect the environment, as well as to preserve the world’s natural resources. Social inclusion and gender equality will be central to the way we implement and define our policies.

In implementing these priorities, the consensus will have to respond to the main challenges that the world is facing today. The complexity and degree of interconnection between the economic, social and environmental dimensions of development policy – this can only be strengthened through a holistic approach.

The resilience of countries and societies should be put at the centre of our attention and the cross-cutting elements of the consensus – such as gender equality, youth, investment and trade, sustainable energy, climate action, good governance, democracy, rule of law and human rights, as well as migration and mobility – accelerate results, progress and transformation to achieve the sustainable development goals.

And this will bring me to the issue of implementation. The new consensus binds us all, the EU institutions and Member States alike. In this respect, we all need to work to the best of our abilities on its implementation. The coordination and coherence between the actions will be key. Effective results can only be achieved through a tailor-made approach with our partner countries, involving both state and non-state actors. Inclusiveness is therefore essential in order to increase the ownership of our development policy by our partners.

Last, but not least, on behalf of the Council I wish to thank this House, and in particular the two co-rapporteurs, Mr Neuser and Mr Wenta, as well as the Chair of the Committee on Development, Ms McAvan, for their dedication and constructive approach which resulted in an excellent agreement that is of benefit to both the EU and our development partners. The Council looks forward to the signature of the new European consensus during the European Development Days on 7 June.

  Neven Mimica, Member of the Commission. – Madam President, over the past few months, since the Commission put forward its proposal for a new European Consensus on Development, we have been working together with Parliament and the Council towards a joint statement, a new collective vision and a common framework for action in development policy for the European Union and all its Member States.

The task of bringing 28 Member States, the Parliament with its different political groups, and the Commission together around such a far-reaching joint text is, without doubt, a formidable challenge. On many of the points for which Parliament has strongly advocated, the Commission would be willing to go even further. We have all had to seek compromises, but this only underlines the significance of what we are about to achieve. This text represents a genuine consensus, crafted through common effort and owned by us all.

The new Consensus endorsed in the Committee on Development’s resolution also received unanimous support at a recent Foreign Affairs Development Council on 19 May. I would like to extend my sincere and wholehearted thanks to the Committee on Development and, in particular, the co—rapporteurs, Norbert Neuser and Bogdan Wenta, their colleagues, the shadow rapporteurs, and the Chair of the Committee, Linda McAvan, who have engaged systematically and constructively in our interinstitutional discussions on the new Consensus. I also want to thank honourable Members for all their previous contributions, including the resolution on the revision of the Consensus adopted by this House on 14 February this year, which is strongly reflected in the joint statement.

The new European Consensus on Development represents a profound shift in our development cooperation, guided by the vision of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. The European Union, as the world’s largest development actor, has a great responsibility in making sure that this vision is turned into reality. An ambitious new European Consensus for Development is a very important step in this direction, laying down a strong basis for maintaining the European Union’s global leadership in development.

The new Consensus unequivocally reaffirms that poverty eradication remains the primary objective of EU development policy. I want to be crystal clear on that. We will work to reduce vulnerabilities, address inequalities and ensure that no—one is left behind. We will aim to reach those furthest behind first. With this clear objective in mind, the Consensus enables us to respond better to the more complex and interconnected challenges that the world faces today. It sends an important political message, namely that Europe is determined to work better together, making the most of the joint capacities of the EU institutions and the Member States.

Our new Consensus closely reflects the 2030 Agenda structured around the five ‘P’s: people, planet, prosperity, peace and partnership. It integrates the economic, social and environmental dimensions of sustainable development and also underlines the links with other policies to make sure they take account of development concerns, including peace and security, humanitarian aid, migration, environment and climate. Therefore it also represents a significant contribution to the implementation of the Paris Agreement on climate change and the United Nations’ efforts to build sustainable peace for all.

As regards the Migration and Development Nexus, I am convinced that what we need to offer is more partnership and more cooperation rather than less. Migration is an issue of common concern, common responsibility and common actions, in particular with our African partners.

The Consensus takes a comprehensive approach to implementation, combining aid with other resources – public and private – sound policies and a strengthened approach to policy coherence for development. It explicitly reaffirms our collective Official Development Assistance commitments and guarantees that realistic and verifiable actions will be taken towards meeting them. We put strong emphasis on better tailored partnerships with a broader range of stakeholders and partner countries, stressing the importance of fully involving civil society, the European Parliament and the national parliaments in the implementation of the sustainable development goals. Through this Consensus, Europe strives to be not only the biggest but also the best and most effective development actor.

Your endorsement of the Consensus at this plenary will be a milestone for our development cooperation. It should allow for signature at the highest political level at the European Development Days next week and it will provide the European Union with a very substantial deliverable for the United Nations high—level political forum on sustainable development in July.

At a time when the values of multilateralism and solidarity are called into question and the commitment of some to sustainable development seems to be wavering, Europe must pull its weight and help to keep global efforts on the right track. This Consensus is proof of our determination to do exactly that.

  Bogdan Brunon Wenta, w imieniu grupy PPE. – Dziękuję Pani Przewodnicząca! A także dziękuję mojemu koledze Neuserowi, który dziś nie może być z nami, za jego świetną współpracę. Oczywiście specjalne podziękowania składam naszej przewodniczącej McAvan za wsparcie podczas tego długiego i skomplikowanego procesu negocjacji, jak i kontrsprawozdawcom, prezydencji, Komisji i przedstawicielom Europejskiej Służby Działań Zewnętrznych za zaangażowanie i pracę nad tym kluczowym z perspektywy polityki rozwojowej Unii i państw członkowskich dokumentem.

Jak już tu mówiono, głównym celem politycznym nowego konsensusu – który jest ściśle powiązany z programem działań na lata 2020–2030 i celami zrównoważonego rozwoju – jest walka z ubóstwem, dyskryminacją i nierównościami. W tym kontekście Parlament mocno zabiegał o uwzględnienie spójności polityk i efektywności w zakresie działań na rzecz rozwoju podejmowanych przez Unię i jej członków, a także przez innych darczyńców i organizacje. ODA ma kluczowe znaczenie dla polityki rozwojowej Unii. Dlatego osiągnięcie przez państwa członkowskie celu w wysokości 0,7 % dochodu narodowego brutto do 2030 roku jest ważnym zobowiązaniem.

Nowy konsensus odnosi się także do zwiększenia finansowania w polityce rozwojowej, w tym poprzez zwiększenie partnerstwa publiczno-prywatnego, oraz znaczenia sprawiedliwego i odpowiednio uregulowanego handlu. Związek między polityką rozwojową, migracją i bezpieczeństwem jest niezaprzeczalny, co mocno uświadamiają nam kryzysy spowodowane konfliktami i niestabilnością. Nowy konsensus będzie wskazywał kierunek rozwiązania problemu pierwotnych przyczyn migracji.

W dniu jutrzejszym zagłosujemy nad rezolucją w sprawie konsensusu. Gdy już zostanie zatwierdzona, również przewodniczący Tajani podpisze to wspólne oświadczenie podczas Europejskich Dni Rozwoju w przyszłym tygodniu. Jestem przekonany, że będzie to ważny sygnał ze strony Unii Europejskiej i państw członkowskich w zakresie podtrzymania międzynarodowych zobowiązań do likwidacji ubóstwa i osiągnięcia celów zrównoważonego rozwoju.

  Linda McAvan, on behalf of the S&D Group. – Madam President, I want to join Bogdan Wenta in thanking Norbert Neuser, who cannot be here today, for the work he has done with colleagues to get the text and focus on why we need a new Consensus on Development.

We need one because we have to find a way for the EU to implement the sustainable development goals. We need one because we need a recommitment by the Member States today to tackle global poverty, and I think we need one most of all, today of all days, because we are hearing that Donald Trump will pull out of the Paris Agreement on climate change. That is a blow to sustainable development goals, a blow to what we want in Europe. So, today of all days, we should give a signal that Europe is prepared to step up and give the leadership we need, and that it will meet its global commitments to our collective future on this planet.

The important things for me and for my Group in this Consensus are that we recommit; that poverty eradication is the primary goal of European development policy; that we make the commitment again to reach our target of 0.7% aid; and, for the first time in the Consensus, that 0.2% of our collective GDP will focus on the poorest countries. We are hearing that Africa is losing out on aid. We have to recommit.

I know there are colleagues here, and colleagues I respect a lot, who are concerned about the emphasis placed by some governments on security and migration, and I know there is scepticism about whether or not countries will meet the 0.7%. I share some of those concerns and it is our job to hold governments to account and to make sure the consensus is implemented in the right way. But, above all, let us remember the other paragraphs in this text which talk about youth, unemployment, getting jobs and creating a future for the young people in developing countries. We need to send that signal today, and that is why I hope colleagues will support the Consensus.

  Ελένη Θεοχάρους, εξ ονόματος της ομάδας ECR. – Kυρία Πρόεδρε, η αναθεώρηση της ευρωπαϊκής συναινετική σύμβασης του 2005 για την ανάπτυξη ήταν απόλυτη αναγκαιότητα, δεδομένου ότι πολλά άλλαξαν στον παγκόσμιο αναπτυξιακό χάρτη με την υιοθέτηση της Ατζέντας 2030 και των βιώσιμων αναπτυξιακών στόχων μπροστά στις νέες προκλήσεις που αντιμετωπίζει η ανθρωπότητα.

Η επίτευξη συμφωνίας είναι πάντοτε δύσκολη και οι συμβιβασμοί αναπόφευκτοι. Ευτυχώς, η νέα συναίνεση θέτει το πλαίσιο των κοινών αρχών και αξιών που πρέπει να εφαρμόζονται, τόσο από τους θεσμούς, όσο και από τα κράτη της Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης, για την κοινή αναπτυξιακή πολιτική της Ατζέντας 2030, διότι οι κίνδυνοι στους οποίους εκτίθενται οι φτωχοί πληθυσμοί από έλλειψη πόρων, τροφής, νερού, περίθαλψης, εκπαίδευσης και προστασίας είναι τεράστιοι και πρέπει να εξαλειφθούν.

Η ανάπτυξη και η δημοκρατική σταθερότητα, η προστασία των ανθρωπίνων δικαιωμάτων και η εξάλειψη της διαφθοράς είναι βασικοί παράγοντες για τη βελτίωση των συνθηκών διαβίωσης των φτωχών, για την αντιμετώπιση της ασυντόνιστης μετανάστευσης, για να δοθεί ελπίδα στους νέους και για να μη μείνει κανένας πολίτης πίσω, όπως είπε ο κύριος Επίτροπος.

  Charles Goerens, au nom du groupe ALDE. – Madame la Présidente, le consensus européen pour le développement, c’est comme les communiqués de presse de l’OTAN. Ne peuvent les comprendre que ceux qui les ont négociés.

La participation au trilogue sur le consensus a été très révélatrice de ce point de vue, et ce pour plusieurs raisons. Nous avons pu nous rendre compte, une fois de plus, des limites de la décision prise à l’unanimité. Ces limites sont dictées notamment par le moins-disant budgétaire d’un ou de plusieurs États membres. Pas étonnant donc que l’objectif de consacrer 0,7 % du produit intérieur brut à l’aide publique au développement soit devenu une arlésienne, à savoir l’événement toujours annoncé mais qui ne se produit jamais. Ne serait-il pas indiqué, dès lors, de changer de méthode, puisque cela ne fonctionne pas depuis bientôt 50 ans?

Pas une seule revendication essentielle du Parlement européen n’a reçu l’accord du Conseil, qui s’est montré intransigeant suite au chantage exercé par une minorité d’États membres, et notamment par un seul. Pourtant, le Parlement européen s’était prononcé à une très large majorité pour des engagements clairs et vérifiables, demandant aux États membres de lui rendre compte de leurs efforts en matière d’aide publique au développement.

Il n’en sera rien. Les quelques phrases sibyllines qui traitent de cette question dans ce document arrivent à peine à masquer la façon dont certains États membres méprisent le Parlement européen. Allez comprendre pourquoi tous nos États membres acceptent de s’exécuter devant le comité d’aide au développement de l’OCDE, d’informer les ambassadeurs du Japon, du Mexique, de la Nouvelle-Zélande, des États-Unis du contenu de leur politique et, en même temps, refusent d’en référer à notre commission du développement?

Les promesses concernant le 0,7 % ne semblent engager que ceux qui les reçoivent. Le consensus européen de développement consacre l’engagement de 0,7 % d’aide publique au développement, alors qu’en même temps plusieurs États membres ont annoncé des réductions substantielles de leur aide publique au développement avant la conférence d’Addis-Abeba. Faut-il, dès lors, croire ceux qui se prononcent pour le 0,7 % ou faut-il les croire quand ils annoncent vouloir aller nettement en deçà de 0,7 %? Avouez tout de même que nous sommes en présence d’un problème de crédibilité.

En outre, l’aide publique au développement revêt une dimension éminemment politique. Avec le Brexit, nous perdrons l’un des rares États membres qui y consacre 0,7 % de son PIB. Il ne suffit pas de nous gargariser à longueur de journée du fait que l’Union européenne soit le seul acteur mondial en matière de développement. Si nous voulons le rester après le départ du Royaume-Uni, nous devons laisser derrière nous cette mollesse qui accepte le laisser-faire et le laisser-aller des États membres en la matière.

Vous comprendrez donc que nous nous abstenions lors du vote sur le consensus et que nous votions notre résolution commune alternative.

  Lola Sánchez Caldentey, en nombre del Grupo GUE/NGL. – Señora presidenta, señor comisario, son varios los aspectos del documento que ha salido de las negociaciones tripartitas que distan muchísimo de la posición votada por amplísima mayoría en esta Cámara el pasado mes de febrero.

El nuevo Consenso abre la puerta a utilizar la ayuda oficial al desarrollo para el control de flujos migratorios o, lo que es lo mismo, a externalizar el control de las fronteras europeas a terceros países, a países necesitados. En otras palabras, se condiciona la ayuda a que los países actúen como Estados tapón para que los migrantes forzados no lleguen a Europa, en vez de utilizarla para combatir las causas raíces que fuerzan a la gente a emigrar.

Este es solo un ejemplo donde se demuestra que se ha ignorado la posición del Parlamento durante las negociaciones. Otros, por ejemplo, son los relativos al objetivo del 0,7 %, la titulización de la ayuda o la cuestión de género.

Resumiendo: consideramos que se ha ignorado la posición del Parlamento; consideramos que el texto supone un retroceso enorme respecto al Consenso anterior y, por todo ello, presentaremos una Resolución alternativa que subraye todas estas posiciones.

  Maria Heubuch, im Namen der Verts/ALE-Fraktion. – Frau Präsidentin! Herzlichen Dank auch an unsere Kollegen Neuser und Wenta, die wirklich sehr viel Arbeit und Energie in diese Arbeit gesteckt haben.

Trotzdem muss ich sagen, für uns Grüne ist es ganz klar: Wir können diesen Konsens nicht mittragen. Zurzeit bestimmen die europäischen Innenminister unsere Außenpolitik. Sie machen aus der Entwicklungspolitik ein innenpolitisches Instrument. Die Kommission lässt die Mitgliedsstaaten gewähren, und der Auswärtige Dienst unterstützt sie hier sogar noch!

Es geht in erster Linie um die Eigeninteressen der EU, um mehr auf Fluchtabwehr, mehr Geld für Militär, mehr Flexibilität auch bei der regionalen Schwerpunktsetzung – dafür aber weniger für Armutsbekämpfung. Das findet sich eben in diesen Konsens wieder, und das können wir Grüne nicht mittragen. Für uns ist die Entwicklungspolitik ein Mittel, um eklatante Ungleichheit und Ungerechtigkeit auf dieser Welt zu entschärfen – ein Mittel der Armutsbekämpfung.

Es wurde gesagt: Das steht auch so im Lissabon-Vertrag, in Artikel 208. Dort steht eben nicht Migrationsmanagement und nicht Sicherheitspolitik. Die Verfechter des Konsenses haben es natürlich auch erwähnt, es steht im Text drin: Armutsbekämpfung. Ja, sicher, es steht auch drin. Aber wir dürfen nicht vergessen, Rat und Kommission sind Meisterinnen in der Rhetorik.

Gemeinsam mit ALDE, GUE/NGL und EFDD haben wir einen Entschließungsantrag eingereicht, der den Konsens ablehnt und auch begründet warum. Ich rufe alle auf, denen Entwicklungspolitik tatsächlich ein Anliegen ist, morgen für diesen Entschließungsantrag zu stimmen.

  Raymond Finch, on behalf of the EFDD Group. – Madam President, while this resolution talks about the laudable aim of reducing poverty worldwide, should the European Union not first look closer to home? For instance, in the UK between 2015 and 2016 there were 12.8 million people regarded as being in poverty, and the UK is one of the richest nations. When we come to the poorer nations in your Union, Commissioner, the figures are much worse. In 2015, 118.7 million – almost 25% of your population – were at risk from poverty. With the nations in real trouble, you see Bulgaria at 41%, Romania at 37%, and Greece at over 35%. Should you really be taking money from taxpayers in your own nation states, many of whom are already struggling with dire need, to further your own globalist ambitions?

Why do you not, instead of chaining poor nations to our wallets with aid dependency, liberalise trade with poorer nations and give them a chance to compete on a level playing field instead of punishing them with your customs union?

(Mr Finch declined to take a blue-card question from Ms Grapini)

  Olaf Stuger, namens de ENF-Fractie. – Vandaag valt in de Nederlandse pers te lezen dat de EU meer grip wil krijgen. Dat is natuurlijk een paniekreactie op de recente gebeurtenissen. Vandaag lezen we dat de Verenigde Staten zich terugtrekken uit het klimaatakkoord. Dat klimaatverdrag was eigenlijk het enige succes van de EU de afgelopen jaren. Daarnaast rent het Verenigd Koninkrijk hard naar de uitgang, terwijl Hongarije en Polen hun eigen koers varen en zich niets aantrekken van de regeldrift van de EU, zeer terecht trouwens. In de praktijk zal die grip voornamelijk een grip zijn op de portemonnee van de Nederlandse belastingbetaler. Want deze EU is erop uit om vat te krijgen op de honderden miljarden in de Nederlandse pensioenpotten, op het overige Nederlandse belastinggeld en op de Nederlandse wetgeving. Ik smeek u dus, Voorzitter, om dit kansloos mislukte project te stoppen.

  José Ignacio Salafranca Sánchez-Neyra (PPE). – Señora presidenta, creo que tenemos que felicitarnos por esta declaración tripartita sobre este nuevo Consenso en materia de Desarrollo en el mundo, y me parece que el título de la comunicación es un título muy sugestivo: «Nuestro mundo, nuestra dignidad, nuestro futuro».

Creo que a la vista de las cifras —la Unión Europea es el principal donante de ayuda al desarrollo, el principal donante de ayuda humanitaria—, nadie puede decir que nosotros nos configuramos como una Europa egoísta, aunque también es cierto, señor comisario, que cada euro que se invierte fuera de nuestras fronteras es un euro que se invierte también en Europa.

A mí me parece que este marco es un marco ciertamente adecuado que tiene que desarrollarse después en el tiempo y que sitúa la problemática, tanto en la dimensión interna Unión Europea-Estados miembros como en la dimensión externa en el ámbito de los objetivos de desarrollo sostenible de las Naciones Unidas. Distingue muy bien entre el corto y el largo plazo.

Y en este contexto, señor comisario, me gustaría trasladarle una preocupación por la situación de los países de renta media. Espero, señor comisario, que, como se ha anunciado en su Comunicación, se puedan encontrar, aparte del criterio de renta per cápita, otros criterios, porque en estos países hay también grandes bolsas de pobreza.

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  Elena Valenciano (S&D). – Señor presidente, la política de desarrollo puede desaparecer de la agenda internacional. No sería algo imposible, a la vista de lo que acaba de suceder con la decisión del presidente Trump y su apuesta por romper los acuerdos sobre el cambio climático. Podría desaparecer, y lo cierto es que, probablemente, sigue siendo más necesaria que nunca.

Es, a lo mejor, la última de las posibilidades de modificar de verdad el orden de las cosas, que hace que la mitad de la humanidad viva en una situación de extrema pobreza. Este es un consenso. Desde luego, no es el consenso que hubiera hecho el Grupo socialista. Está muy lejos de lo que nosotros hubiéramos querido, pero este es el consenso que se ha podido construir teniendo en cuenta, además, el Consejo que en este momento tenemos, que no es un Consejo fácil para esta política.

Así que, haciendo de la necesidad virtud, nuestro Grupo va a apoyar este consenso. Creemos que estamos en el momento de definición clave entre aquellos que quieren acabar con la política de desarrollo y aquellos que quieren convertir la política de desarrollo en cualquier cosa menos en política de desarrollo. Y por eso mi Grupo apoyará este consenso, aunque no sea el consenso que hubiera deseado.

  Joachim Zeller (PPE). – Herr Präsident! Seit die erste Erklärung zum Europäischen Konsens zur Entwicklungspolitik unterzeichnet wurde, sind mehr als zehn Jahre vergangen. In dieser Dekade hat sich die Welt stark verändert. Konfliktherde unmittelbar vor der europäischen Haustür haben eher zugenommen, als dass sie weniger geworden sind. Viele Millionen Menschen sind durch Kriege, Bürgerkriege oder Naturkatastrophen zum Verlassen ihrer Heimat gezwungen worden, und der Terrorismus bedroht weltweit das friedliche Zusammenleben. Die Entwicklungszusammenarbeit steht vor vielen neuen Herausforderungen.

Das bedeutet, dass die Zusammenarbeit der Geberstaaten untereinander stärker vernetzt werden muss. Es bedeutet aber auch, dass neue Formen der Zusammenarbeit mit den sich entwickelnden Staaten gefunden werden müssen – z.B. auch auf dem Gebiet der Sicherheit, denn auch Armutsbekämpfung braucht Sicherheit. Der neue Europäische Konsens muss dafür den Rahmen schaffen. Das Europäische Parlament als Mitunterzeichner muss uneingeschränkt in die Umsetzung der Entwicklungsziele eingebunden werden. Vielen Dank.

  Enrique Guerrero Salom (S&D). – Señor presidente, han pasado muchas cosas en el mundo desde que hace más de una década aprobáramos el vigente Consenso Europeo sobre Desarrollo. Hemos cambiado los objetivos de desarrollo: los hemos hecho más globales y más ambiciosos. Hemos constatado crisis humanitarias de larga duración y conflictos asociados al cambio climático. Hemos comprobado que nos faltan recursos para financiar la cooperación al desarrollo.

Es por tanto tiempo de revisar ese consenso y de dar un salto adelante con un consenso nuevo. En ese consenso nuevo tenemos que aplicar políticas diarias que van más allá del consenso para preservar que la política de desarrollo se dirija a luchar contra la pobreza, para asegurar que alcanzamos el 0,7 % y para seguir trabajando por que ninguna condicionalidad de carácter securitario pueda poner en riesgo la ayuda a aquellos países que lo necesitan, a aquellas poblaciones que están en situación de dependencia.

  Doru-Claudian Frunzulică (S&D). – Mr President, we must ensure that eradicating poverty and fighting inequality remain at the heart of EU development policy, including in the new Consensus. The Member States must put every effort into the successful implementation of Agenda 2020 and the sustainable development goals.

I welcome the fact that commitments on agriculture are more detailed than in the previous Consensus and include support for smallholder farmers and pastoralists, recognising the role they play in combating hunger and malnutrition. I would also like to congratulate the negotiators for including commitments to promote decent work, corporate social responsibility and the importance of social and environmental standards for European investment in developing countries.

Last but not least, the withdrawal of the United States from the COP 21 Paris Agreement will jeopardise the influence and power of the USA in the world, and unfortunately in the long term it will affect the whole of mankind in a negative way.

  Cécile Kashetu Kyenge (S&D). – Signor Presidente, onorevoli colleghi, la revisione del consenso europeo in materia di sviluppo ci offre una grande opportunità, quella di definire una posizione comune e coerente rispetto ad alcuni cambiamenti globali che si sono manifestati a partire dal 2005 sulla scena mondiale, sociale, economica e ambientale.

Le sfide cui ci troviamo di fronte sono molteplici. Dobbiamo salvaguardare i valori e gli obiettivi della politica per lo sviluppo attraverso l'obiettivo primario della lotta alla povertà e, nel lungo termine, della sua eliminazione. Dobbiamo rispondere con lungimiranza ai cambiamenti in corso, assicurando la coerenza delle politiche in materia di pace e sicurezza, migrazione, commercio, ambiente e sviluppo e, infine, dobbiamo anticipare le tendenze che potrebbero emergere nei prossimi quindici anni.

Ecco, se il quadro di riferimento sarà ambizioso, se prevarrà la logica della difesa dei diritti umani, della democrazia e della buona governance, se rafforzeremo il nostro ruolo della pace e della giustizia globale, potremo finalmente contribuire allo sviluppo sostenibile di tutte le aree del pianeta.

  Patrizia Toia (S&D). – Signor Presidente, onorevoli colleghi, voglio ripartire da dove ha concluso l'onorevole Cécile Kyenge, con il cui intervento sono totalmente d'accordo, per dire che condivido questo documento, condivido questo approccio nuovo al consenso e trovo un po' ingiuste, se devo dire, un po' preconcette alcune critiche che qui oggi ho sentito. Forse tutti noi volevamo qualcosa di più e di meglio, ma questo è il punto a cui siamo arrivati e io non vorrei svilirlo, vorrei invece valorizzarlo.

Viene ribadito che l'obiettivo primario è quello della lotta alla povertà. Viene ribadito che bisogna lavorare sullo sviluppo in tutte le sue dimensioni e implicazioni con la coerenza rispetto alle politiche commerciali, con il tema di tutti gli altri aspetti, compreso quello delle migrazioni. Io non credo che dobbiamo avere paura di riconoscere che se noi creeremo lotta alla povertà avremo successo, se creeremo sviluppo con tutta l'attenzione alle autorità locali, alle ONG, a tutti i processi che nascono dal basso, noi daremo anche un contributo per, come dire, rendere queste migrazioni, che oggi sono una tragedia prima di tutto per chi ne è vittima, non per i paesi d'arrivo, ma per chi ne è vittima, per renderle fenomeni più naturali che noi accetteremo e devo dire più umani per gli stessi protagonisti.

Io non ho paura di vedere anche queste implicazioni. L'importante è che noi sappiamo qual è la priorità primaria di questo piano, di questo metodo del nuovo consenso, ma dobbiamo essere anche consapevoli, se non vogliamo vivere sulla Luna, ma vivere in questo secolo, in questa Europa con questa Africa e questo Mediterraneo, di quali sono anche le implicazioni, che dobbiamo governare e non subire. Governare mettendo i diritti umani e lo sviluppo delle popolazioni al primo punto.

(L'oratrice accetta di rispondere a una domanda "cartellino blu" (articolo 162, paragrafo 8, del regolamento)).

  Charles Goerens (ALDE), question "carton bleu". – Monsieur le Président, je voudrais demander à Madame Toia quel serait son jugement si elle avait assisté à cette négociation où nous avons, à juste titre, appuyé les ambitions de la Commission, du Conseil et du Parlement européen en la matière. En effet, chaque fois qu’il s’est agi de faire preuve de bonne volonté pour suivre les engagements, pour voir dans quelle mesure ils seront réalisés, pour assurer le contrôle parlementaire en la matière, nous avons toujours eu une fin de non-recevoir. Il ne s’agit pas là de dénigrer les finalités du développement mais de dénoncer le comportement insupportable d’un ou de plusieurs États au niveau du Conseil.

Avec tout le respect que je dois à nos deux corapporteurs, je voudrais vous dire que Mme Linda McAvan et moi-même nous sommes heurtés à un mur: c’est lamentable que l’Union européenne procède de cette façon.

  Patrizia Toia (S&D), Risposta a una domanda "cartellino blu". – Posso solo dire al collega che, avendo seguito molto i negoziati, so quanto sia doloroso a volte dovere accettare una durezza, un muro da parte di alcuni Stati membri o dell'intero Consiglio. Anch'io alcune volte ho dovuto soggiacere a certe prese di posizione molto dure di alcuni Stati membri. Se questo è il risultato possibile, io voglio prenderlo per un buon risultato, sapendo che poteva essere migliore.

Ma non considero la partita chiusa, caro collega, e per quanto riguarda la posizione del Parlamento, il controllo del Parlamento, per quanto riguarda altri punti non tutto viene perso con la fine del negoziato, perché noi dovremo dare attuazione a tutto questo e potremo recuperare, uniti non separati, uniti tutti come forze parlamentari, potremo recuperare quello che abbiamo perso nel negoziato.

Non è una partita definitiva, c'è sempre un secondo tempo e lì lavoreremo per migliorare ciò che non abbiamo ottenuto nel primo tempo.

  Paulo Rangel (PPE). – Senhor Presidente, gostaria de dizer o seguinte. O primeiro ponto fundamental é que, para este consenso sobre o desenvolvimento, é essencial que os países não entrem numa lógica puramente nacionalista e, infelizmente, aquilo que nós vemos é que os Estados Unidos ainda hoje deram um sinal a propósito do desenvolvimento sustentável de estarem apenas focados na sua agenda nacional.

Ora nós, nações mais desenvolvidas e com mais capacidade económica, temos de estar abertos ao desenvolvimento e à cooperação com os Estados em que grande parte da população vive em grande pobreza. Erradicar a pobreza, criar classes médias nesses Estados é a nossa responsabilidade, não apenas como seres humanos de corpo inteiro, mas também como atores políticos, que podem, com isso, resolver muitos dos problemas, que não são apenas os dessas populações, são também os nossos.

Se nós formos capazes de os ajudar, estamos a ajudar-nos a nós mesmos e é isso que este consenso que aqui conseguimos vai, naturalmente, potenciar.

Zgłoszenia z sali

  Nicola Caputo (S&D). – Signor Presidente, onorevoli colleghi, di fronte alla crescente incertezza della politica mondiale, la comunicazione adottata dalla Commissione sul nuovo consenso europeo in materia di sviluppo definisce un quadro d'azione per rispondere alle attuali sfide nelle quali l'Unione dovrà svolgere un ruolo di primo piano.

La politica di cooperazione europea dovrà puntare a favorire la crescita dei paesi in via di sviluppo sul piano economico, sociale e ambientale, con l'obiettivo primo di eliminare la povertà e contribuire a sostenere la democrazia, lo Stato di diritto e i diritti umani.

È fondamentale agire tenendo presenti gli obiettivi dell'agenda 2030 per lo sviluppo sostenibile, che rappresenta la risposta della comunità internazionale alle sfide e alle tendenze globali in materia di sviluppo sostenibile. Il perseguimento degli obiettivi di sviluppo sostenibile dovrà avvenire in stretto coordinamento con l'accordo di Parigi sui cambiamenti climatici e altri impegni internazionali, al di là delle decisioni adottate dal nuovo Presidente americano.

  João Ferreira (GUE/NGL). – Senhor Presidente, o dito novo consenso da União Europeia sobre o desenvolvimento é bem revelador dos limites, das contradições e das perversidades das políticas levadas a cabo neste domínio nos últimos anos.

Estamos perante uma visão geral que, em lugar de respeitar especificidades e legítimas opções soberanas dos países em desenvolvimento, pretende impor modelos de organização da sociedade e da economia. É, assim, com a defesa do papel do sector privado, o preconceito contra a propriedade e a gestão públicas ou com a imposição das parcerias público-privado, apenas para dar alguns exemplos. Modelos que tendem a perpetuar a dependência, a subordinação e o atraso.

É a tentativa de impor a subordinação aos interesses geopolíticos das potências da União Europeia, às suas políticas ditas de segurança e migratórias, de indisfarçável recorte xenófobo e neocolonial.

São as linhas de crédito em detrimento da genuína ajuda ao desenvolvimento. É o empurrar para mais dívida, em vez do reconhecimento do caráter injusto e ilegítimo da dívida, que exige o seu cancelamento.

Um novo consenso que aponta, todavia, para um velho, muito velho caminho.

  Νότης Μαριάς ( ECR). – Κύριε Πρόεδρε, στη δεκαετία του 1980, οι χώρες της Δύσης υιοθέτησαν την περίφημη «Συναίνεση της Ουάσινγκτον», δηλαδή κανόνες υπό τους οποίους θα γινόταν η διεθνής και εσωτερική οικονομική πολιτική. Η Συναίνεση της Ουάσιγκτον στηριζόταν στην τραπεζοκρατία, στην απελευθέρωση των αγορών, στις μετεγκαταστάσεις επιχειρήσεων, στην παγκοσμιοποίηση, στις ιδιωτικοποιήσεις, στην οικονομία-καζίνο και στη λιτότητα. Η Συναίνεση της Ουάσιγκτον οδήγησε σε στρατιές φτωχών και ανέργων, διέλυσε τις κοινωνίες και διόγκωσε το ιδιωτικό και δημόσιο χρέος.

Η νέα Ευρωπαϊκή Συναίνεση την οποία εδώ συζητούμε στηρίζεται και αυτή στις αποτυχημένες αρχές της Συναίνεσης της Ουάσιγκτον που διόγκωσε το παγκόσμιο χρέος. Αντί λοιπόν να αλλάξει η στρατηγική, επιμένετε στη συνέχιση της φτώχειας και της ανεργίας, η οποία δεν μπορεί να σταματήσει εάν δεν προχωρήσουμε στη διαγραφή του χρέους των αναπτυσσόμενων χωρών και στη διαγραφή του χρέους των χωρών του Ευρωπαϊκού Νότου, στην εγκατάλειψη της λιτότητας και στη βίαιη δημοσιονομική προσαρμογή.

  Ilhan Kyuchyuk (ALDE). – Mr President, the new European Consensus on Development is aimed at responding to current global trends and the challenges of globalisation. It has aligned the development policy of the EU and its Member States with the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. The Consensus has achieved one of the top priorities of EU foreign policy, namely increased coordination and coherence between the EU and its Member States.

Furthermore, in order to achieve more effective results and make a greater impact, it proposes a tailored and differentiated approach when working with partners to promote joint programming and implementation, with the full involvement of civil society and other actors. It highlights the importance of development effectiveness, transparency, mutual accountability, and ownership by all partners involved. Therefore, I fully support the new Consensus because it is an opportunity to make the EU even stronger and more prepared to tackle today’s global challenges and promote sustainable development. Finally, let us be more ambitious.

  Julie Ward (S&D). – Mr President, the European Union has been a global leader in sustainable development and it is right for Parliament, the Commission and the Council to now formulate a new position for this changing world. We need to make sure we have policy coherence so that our development cooperation, our trade and our economic policies all work together and, most importantly, align with international human rights norms. Coherence also requires taking into account the contribution of culture as a pillar of sustainable economic, social and human development and of peace and resilience building.

It is tragic to see my country, the UK, wasting its time with the chaos of Brexit while the EU continues to work towards a more prosperous sustainable future for all of us. The UK must continue its participation in EU development policy regardless of Brexit, and I hope that a Labour Government in Westminster will do just that.

  Ελευθέριος Συναδινός ( NI). – Κύριε Πρόεδρε, η νέα ευρωπαϊκή κοινή αντίληψη για την παγκόσμια βιώσιμη ανάπτυξη προς εξάλειψη της φτώχειας, ως χρηματοδοτικό μέσο και εργαλειοθήκη δεν επιτυγχάνει τους στόχους που έχουν τεθεί. Οφείλουμε να σεβόμαστε ορισμένες βασικές αρχές, ιδιαίτερα όταν θέλουμε να ονομαζόμαστε εταίροι. Για παράδειγμα, η ανάπτυξη είναι αποδεκτή μόνο όταν δεν συντελείται εις βάρος άλλων ομότιμων μελών, όπως επίσης δεν μπορεί να πραγματοποιείται με μία ατζέντα η οποία επιβάλλεται καταχρηστικά και εκβιαστικά, έμμεσα ή άμεσα.

Όσον αφορά τις αναπτυσσόμενες χώρες, αυτές που αναλαμβάνουν την κυριότητα των βιώσιμων αναπτυξιακών προτεραιοτήτων πρέπει να δεσμεύονται ως προς τα αποτελέσματα στο πλαίσιο της συναντίληψης, με ό,τι αυτό συνεπάγεται για τις διμερείς εταιρικές σχέσεις, εάν αυτός ο αμοιβαίος σεβασμός διαταραχθεί. Στόχος δεν είναι μια ανάπτυξη στηριζόμενη στη διάδοση της φτώχειας και της εξαθλίωσης, αλλά η στέρεη, βιώσιμη ανάπτυξη μεταξύ ίσων συναινούντων εταίρων, προς όφελος των πολιτών και όλων των εμπλεκομένων μερών.

  Maria Grapini (S&D). – Domnule președinte, domnule prim-ministru, domnule comisar, sunt total de acord, de la bun început spun, cu noul consens european privind dezvoltarea și mi-ați dat speranță domnule prim-ministru, m-am întors recent din țara dumneavoastră și am văzut ce ați putut să faceți acolo.

Cred că ceea ce ați spus, primul scop, eradicarea sărăciei, sigur, trebuie să ajungă de la plan la concret. Ați spus-o și dumneavoastră, că trebuie să găsim cheia prin care conectăm planurile pe care noi le facem cu realitatea. Regret că anumiți colegi aici au pus problema absolut în mod extremist și o spun foarte deschis. Sărăcia trebuie eradicată, viața oamenilor este cel mai important lucru, avem copii în sărăcie, nu are importanță unde locuiesc acești copii, trebuie să vedem cum facem să nu mai fie disparități regionale, diferențe atât de mari între viața oamenilor dintr-o țară în alta sau chiar în cadrul aceleiași țări între rural și urban. Eu doresc succes Consiliului și Comisiei, și noi, Parlamentul European, să ținem cont că este important și nimic nu poate fi mai important decât viața oamenilor și creșterea nivelului de trai a tuturor celor care trăiesc pe pământ.

(Koniec pytań zgłoszeń z sali)

  Neven Mimica, Member of the Commission. – Mr President, today’s intense debate underscores the political significance of the text that we have before us. The European Union was instrumental in shaping the global 2030 Agenda, which is consistent with our vision and has now become the world’s blueprint for global sustainable development. The world is looking to us to live up to this role and lead the global implementation efforts by taking full account of the sustainable development goals in the European policy framework and in our priorities.

We should not shy away from this responsibility. Development policy, in the form of this new Consensus, will make a central contribution in this direction. The Commission will give the highest priority to this effort and we remain committed to working closely together with Parliament and our Member States as we move forward. Together we can achieve more and spur action that can change lives across the world for the better, helping to end poverty in our generation.

Please believe me that, without this Consensus, eradicating poverty, reaching our official development assistance (ODA) commitments, effectively tackling the root causes of migration, and ensuring the leading global role of the European Union in the implementation of the sustainable development goals will be much, much more difficult to achieve, if they are possible at all.

In conclusion, let me thank Parliament once again, and in particular the co—rapporteurs, for your contribution to this important joint endeavour.

  Matti Maasikas, President-in-Office of the Council. – Mr President, as Commissioner Mimica – and also Mr Goerens – highlighted very well, the challenges of reaching consensus among all the Member States are huge. I can assure you that all the amendments negotiated by the Maltese Presidency are factual and firmly in line with the Treaties.

Ms Sánchez Caldentey and Ms Heubuch raised the issue of the security sector. Firstly, as Ms McAvan so eloquently underlined, poverty eradication remains the primary objective of the new Consensus. At the same time, the security sector, subject to democratic governance and accountability, is – as we all know – essential to achieving peaceful and inclusive societies. Therefore I find the wording in the relevant paragraph a good compromise that opens new ways to include and firmly embed security in the overall sustainable development framework.

The debate today shows how important the new Consensus is for the future of our development policy. It paves the way for common implementation with all development partners over the years to come. While the negotiation process that is now behind us proved to be demanding in terms of identifying the main political priorities and the most efficient tools, and setting clear responsibilities, implementation will not be easy either. It will require a shared agenda and a joint effort from all of us, just as all three EU institutions have been able to cooperate while negotiating on the Consensus. I can assure you that the Council will take its share of responsibility for the implementation of the Consensus and I look forward to cooperating with Parliament in this important endeavour.

  Przewodniczący. – Zamykam debatę.

Głosowanie odbędzie się w czwartek 1 czerwca 2017 r..