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Jeudi 20 mai 2021 - Bruxelles Edition révisée

9. Égalité, inclusion et participation des Roms (débat)
Vidéo des interventions
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  Przewodnicząca. – Kolejnym punktem porządku dziennego są oświadczenia Rady i Komisji w sprawie równouprawnienia, włączenia społecznego i udziału Romów (2021/2689(RSP)).

 
  
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  Ana Paula Zacarias, President-in-Office of the Council. – Madam President, I would like to thank honourable Members for this topic on the agenda.

The social exclusion of Roma is an injustice that we in the European Union have failed to address with sufficient determination. It’s already a decade since the first EU framework for national integration strategies was put in place and, sadly, the results so far are disappointing. The figures are striking. As many as 63% of Roma aged between 20 and 64 have no employment, education or training. The corresponding EU average is 12%.

Allow me also to recall some of the facts cited in the resolution that this Parliament adopted in September last year. In countries with the largest population of Roma, about 80% of Roma live below the poverty line, one in three lives in a household without tap water and only half have an indoor flush toilet or a shower. Only one in two Roma children attend preschool or kindergarten and a mere fifth of Roma women and a quarter of Roma men have completed secondary education. These figures show that equality is not yet a reality in the EU and that life chances in our Union are not the same for all.

The situation of Europe’s Roma is the legacy of long—term inequality, lack of opportunities, prejudice, outright racism and discrimination. Uniquely disadvantaged, the Roma community is trapped in intergenerational poverty and it is time to break the cycle of disadvantage. Our credibility as a just and fair union is at stake.

The social dimension is one of the three main priorities of the Portuguese Presidency. I firmly believe that social fairness belongs at the heart of everything the Union does, today more than ever, as we recover from the COVID pandemic and we grapple with the enormous challenges that the shifts associated with green and digital transitions produce. At a time of hardship and uncertainty, it is essential that all citizens can count on the European social model and the values that underpin it: solidarity, convergence and cohesion.

We have all suffered during the crisis, but for many Roma its effects were compounded with pre-existing inequalities, as your resolution once again usefully reminds us. On the broad principles and values that make our social model there is broad consensus in Europe. We saw this clearly two weeks ago in Oporto for the Porto Social Summit, a landmark event, which the European Parliament also strongly supported and contributed to. A vision of a just and inclusive recovery is now clearly enshrined in the Porto Social Commitment and the Porto Declaration, the essence of a common vision summed up in three headline targets on employment, training and poverty reduction. This was unanimously endorsed.

These three targets are crucially relevant for Roma. As we all know, the first ten—year campaign designed at EU level to improve the lives of Roma, ended last year. The Commission tabled new initiatives in the autumn. The Council wasted no time in responding. In March this year, the Member States adopted a new Council recommendation that seeks to give fresh momentum to their policies. The three pillars of the recommendation are echoed in the title of today’s debate: equality, inclusion and participation.

To date, our efforts have focused largely on education, employment, healthcare and housing. The new framework will seek to strengthen this approach by increasing the emphasis on three other core objectives: first, fighting and preventing anti—gypsyism and discrimination; second, reducing poverty and exclusion so as to close the social economic gap; and, third, promoting active participation through the empowerment and trust of these communities.

The Member States have undertaken to present their new strategic framework to the Commission very soon, preferably by September this year. Meanwhile the Fundamental Rights Agency has been tasked with carrying out regular surveys every four years to ensure that we monitor progress objectively. It is true that Member States have the key competence and the main responsibility for ensuring the well—being of their citizens, including minorities, but the added value of cooperation, inspiration and mutual learning is real and the Union supports its Member States through relevant funds and programmes so we need to use them well.

To conclude, let’s remember our ultimate priority: Europe’s people. When we speak of Europe, we speak of a social Europe that puts the well—being of its citizens first, especially the ones that are left behind and more vulnerable.

 
  
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  Helena Dalli, Member of the Commission. – Madam President, respect for human dignity and equality are fundamental values of the EU. However, many Roma across Europe continue to face anti-Gypsism, discrimination and exclusion in their daily lives. Additionally, the COVID-19 pandemic has hit marginalised Roma communities particularly hard. Overcrowded households and a lack of access to healthcare, clean water or a regular income are just some of the factors that have increased their vulnerability to negative health impacts.

Additionally, the mid-term socio-economic impact of the pandemic has put Roma communities at risk of sliding even further into poverty and social exclusion. We have taken these lessons on board when designing the revised and strengthened EU Roma strategic framework for equality, inclusion and participation, which we adopted last October.

With this framework, we have set out a comprehensive three-pillar approach for the next 10 years. We will continue to work towards improving the inclusion of marginalised Roma communities, with the long-term aim of closing the socio-economic gap between Roma and non-Roma. At the same time, we are providing a stronger focus to promoting equality and stepping up the fight against racism, discrimination and expressions of anti—Gypsyism, and we will strengthen our efforts to promote participation through empowerment, cooperation and trust. We want to create the right conditions enabling all Roma to realise their full potential and engage in political, social, cultural and economic life. With the new EU-Roma strategic framework we are reaching out to all Roma regardless of their socio—economic status.

With this approach, we recognise that all Roma can experience discrimination, including those who do not suffer from economic deprivation. We are also giving a stronger focus to diversity among Roma because we want to ensure that national Roma strategic frameworks meet the specific needs of the different groups, including women, youth, children, EU mobile citizens, stateless persons, LGBTIQ persons, all the Roma and those living with disabilities.

We also acknowledge that inclusion is a two-way process. This is why the new strategic framework targets not just Roma, but society as a whole. In order to make the best possible use of existing tools, we promote the mainstreaming of Roma inclusion across all relevant policy areas and funding instruments. These range from policy initiatives such as the European Education Area, the Child Guarantee or the gender equality strategy to funding instruments including the ESF+, the Recovery and Resilience Facility or the InvestEU Programme. At the same time, the new initiative also includes targeted measures in order to make sure that the Roma have an effective equal access to rights and services.

Most importantly, we want to ensure that we achieve genuine results over the next 10 years. To be able to measure progress, we have defined seven objectives linked to the three pillars of equality, inclusion and participation. For each of these objectives we have defined quantitative targets and indicators that will allow effective monitoring and make the progress in implementation transparent and easily measurable for all actors.

The Commission will of course also monitor the implementation very closely and report on progress every two years, based on surveys from the Fundamental Rights Agency, Member States’ implementation reports and coordinated civil society reporting.

I thank you very much for your attention and I am now looking forward to a constructive debate.

 
  
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  Peter Pollák, za skupinu PPE. – Pani predsedajúca, na jednej strane som rád, že dnes môžeme o tejto téme debatovať. Na druhej strane som naozaj frustrovaný z toho, že to skončí tak ako častokrát inokedy iba debatou bez rezolúcie.

Minulý rok Európska komisia prijala strategický desaťročný rámec, ktorý sa v súčasnosti národné štáty snažia pretransformovať do národných stratégií inklúzie Rómov na najbližšie desaťročie.

Predchádzajúcich 10 rokov ukázalo, že neustále debaty a prázdne ambície rómskym komunitám nepomohli.

Práve teraz, keď členské štáty tvoria vlastné stratégie, sme mohli zásadným spôsobom dať jasný odkaz, že situácia si vyžaduje nielen reči, ambície, ale reálne skutky. Som frustrovaný že opakovane hovorím, že máme v Európe milióny Rómov bez pitnej vody, bez kanalizácie, bez vzdelania, bez práce, žiaľ, aj bez záujmu politikov túto situáciu reálne riešiť.

Snažil som sa, vždy sa snažiť budem, aby tento parlament nielen o tejto téme debatoval, ale aj prijal reálne teda rezolúcie.

Mnohí politici v členských krajinách, žiaľ aj v tomto parlamente, majú plné ústa čo by chceli teda urobiť chudobným, pre chudobné rómske deti, no nakoniec sa zachovajú ako farizeji.

To vám naozaj, vážení socialisti, alebo vážení liberáli, zreniu nestáli rómske deti za rezolúciu, ktorých tu prijímame milióny, alebo teda niekoľko tisíc?

Je žiaduce očakávať, že ambiciózna Európa, ktorej záleží na zraniteľných, či teda postihnutých ľuďoch mimo európskeho priestoru, podá pomocnú ruku aj európskym Rómom.

Ak chceme naozaj zmeniť stav v rómskych komunitách musíme začať od seba a prejsť od ambícií k skutkom.

 
  
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  Juan Fernando López Aguilar, en nombre del Grupo S&D. – Señora presidenta, presidenta en ejercicio del Consejo, comisaria de Igualdad, este debate sacude nuestras conciencias ante la situación de buena parte de la minoría étnica y cultural más importante, más relevante, de Europa: la minoría romaní, doce millones de personas que forman parte integral de nuestra historia común.

La Recomendación del Consejo sobre la igualdad, la inclusión y la participación de la población gitana, adoptada el 12 de marzo, anima de nuevo a la puesta en marcha de marcos estratégicos nacionales que garanticen la igualdad y el combate contra la exclusión social y económica y el riesgo de pobreza que padece buena parte de esta población; que promuevan su inclusión, y particularmente de las personas más vulnerables: mujeres, infancia, juventud, personas discapacitadas…; que enfaticen la igualdad de oportunidades en el acceso a la educación, al aprendizaje permanente, a la educación de adultos, al empleo de calidad o a los servicios sanitarios, y, por supuesto, la igualdad de trato en la vivienda, para que la minoría no sea segregada de manera permanente, y en el acceso a los servicios esenciales.

Pero yo quiero darle importancia también a un mandato vinculante de adopción de legislación que comprometa a los Estados miembros: no solamente recomendaciones, no solamente un marco estratégico, sino una legislación vinculante. Este Parlamento incoó en su momento una Directiva de igualdad de trato, y esa legislación vinculante es la que ha refrendado el Parlamento Europeo en la Resolución de septiembre de 2020 que tiene como ponente a un distinguido miembro de la comunidad romaní de este Parlamento Europeo, Romeo Franz. Por tanto, Derecho, legislación europea en los Estados miembros y en el Parlamento Europeo.

 
  
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  Anna Júlia Donáth, a Renew képviselőcsoport nevében. – Elnök Asszony! Az Unió még mindig túl messze van. Ezt tapasztalom, amikor nap mint nap járom a településeket Magyarországon. Legutóbb Hajdúhadházán szembesültem ezzel, ahol a város fideszes polgármestere, Csáfordi Dénes embertelen módon, EU-s pénzt felhasználva, ráadásul felzárkóztatásra szánt EU-s pénzt felhasználva, lakoltatna ki tizenkét roma családot szociális bérlakásokból. Az Európai Unió időről időre újabb és újabb romastratégiát, illetve ajánlásokat fogad el azzal a céllal, hogy javítsa, javítsuk az európai, így a magyarországi cigányság helyzetét.

De vajon mit ér például a tavaly elfogadott európai roma keretstratégia, amikor tagállami kormányok és ellenérdekelt helyi vezetők könnyedén szabotálják a céljainkat. Ebben a vitában nem az a fontos, hogy milyen hatásköre van az EU-nak, a tagállamoknak, vagy a helyi önkormányzatoknak, hanem az, hogy mi történik például az említett tizenkét roma családdal. Ha sikerül is megakadályoznunk a kilakoltatást, és azt, hogy a bajba jutottaknak szánt európai forrásokat a rászorulók érdekeivel ellentétesen használják fel, felmerül a kérdés, hány Hajdúhadháza, és hány Csáfordi Dénes létezik még Európában, amiről nem is tudunk.

Az Unió addig messze lesz az emberektől, amíg az általunk meghatározott emberséges és igazságos célokat nem öntjük a tagállamokban kötelező jogi formába. Messze lesz, amíg a kormányzati végrehajtást az uniós intézmények alig ellenőrzik, teret engedve ezzel annak, hogy a kohéziós pénzekből a különbségek nemhogy csökkennek, de még nőnek is. Ezen kell változtatnunk, hogy ne kelljen roma családoknak attól rettegni, hogy a nekik szánt európai pénzekből lakoltatják ki őket.

 
  
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  Mara Bizzotto, a nome del gruppo ID. – Signor Presidente, onorevoli colleghi, basta soldi ai rom, basta buttare i soldi dei nostri cittadini per rom e sinti. Dal 2014 al 2020 l'Europa ha speso oltre 21 miliardi di euro in programmi per l'integrazione dei rom: una montagna di soldi sprecati per nulla in Italia.

L'integrazione dei rom sta praticamente a zero, perché sono loro che non vogliono integrarsi! Se non mi credete, venite in Italia a vedere come i rom non si sono integrati. Chiedete ai sindaci, ai carabinieri, alla polizia, ai cittadini che hanno la sfortuna di vivere vicino ai campi rom. Guardate le televisioni, leggete i giornali e ogni giorno troverete valanghe di notizie sui problemi causati dai nomadi.

E non permettetevi di dire che siamo razzisti, perché noi non lo siamo: stiamo dicendo soltanto cose vere e documentate, che accadono ogni giorno.

Cari burocrati europei: basta con questa follia! I miliardi che volete regalare ai rom vanno dati ai nostri cittadini, ai nostri disoccupati, alle famiglie italiane in difficoltà. Noi abbiamo il dovere di aiutare le imprese e i lavoratori italiani travolti dall'emergenza COVID e non i rom, tanto cari ai falsi buonisti della sinistra italiana ed europea.

 
  
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  Romeo Franz, on behalf of the Verts/ALE Group. – Madam President, in the last ten years, we have experienced the approach of soft policies and things have not changed for my Romani people. The Commission presents a new framework for the next ten years with almost the same content, but under a new title and supported by a Council recommendation. However, this will produce no significant change and the EU is losing credibility on the topic because of this continuous superficial approach.

Let me show you what value your recommendation has for whom, and we have a responsibility. This is a picture from ten years ago of Tinca, a marginalised Romani community in Romania, with children waiting, as you can see, for some food to keep them alive. This is another picture of the same Tinca as it is now. The situation is worse than ten years ago and the children are even bitten by rats in the middle of the night. This is the case for a million souls in Europe. These are European Romani citizens, but they are forgotten and not saved by this recommendation. Is their pain making you happy? Is this what you still want to see after another ten years of soft policies and recommendations? Really? Hey, this is an emergency, not a game.

The EU has already played a game with the lives of these kids. Please take it seriously and put an end to this senseless practice and soft policies. If you want to convince yourself, look at the evaluation of the Commission on the last framework. Even this is saying that the approach is not efficient. Make a law, exactly as the resolution of September 2020 of the European Parliament is calling on the Commission. This is the solution and this will make the EU credible.

Commissioner Dalli, please accept my deepest gratitude for all the support that you have given and shown to me and for my people until now. However, I look into your eyes and I’m telling you that you are a major source of hope for my people. You are my hope for making a Romani law real. This is the solution, not the soft policies. We are ready – I am ready – to support you even more to make change happen. So I am asking you: are you ready and willing to makes the law possible or are we going to play the same game for another ten years?

(Applause)

 
  
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  Joachim Stanisław Brudziński (ECR). – Pani Przewodnicząca! Szanowni Państwo! Ludność romska jest największą mniejszością etniczną w Europie. Szacuje się, że spośród 10-12 milionów Romów mieszkających w Europie około 6 milionów to obywatele lub prezydencji Unii Europejskiej. Romowie wciąż pozostają grupą zmarginalizowaną. Przyczyn tego zjawiska jest wiele, ale jednym z podstawowych jest niewątpliwie bariera wewnątrz-kulturowa. W Polsce Romowie zamieszkują od przeszło 700 lat . Mniejszość ta liczy około 20-25 tysięcy osób. Mój kraj od wielu lat prowadzi działania mające na celu wdrażanie strategii integracji Romów.

Jako były minister spraw wewnętrznych w rządzie Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej odpowiedzialny za mniejszości narodowe i etniczne z dumą mogę powiedzieć, że Polska o dekadę wyprzedziła Komisję Europejską, gdyż już w 2001 roku wdrożyliśmy program stabilnego finansowania i działań na rzecz integracji tej mniejszości. Obecnie wdrażany jest w Polsce kolejny wieloletni program integracji Romów na lata 2021-2030, obejmujący w szczególności edukację, ochronę zdrowia, kulturę, bezpieczeństwo, promowanie wiedzy i edukację obywatelską skierowaną do Romów. Nie ma jednak wątpliwości, że żaden z tych programów nie wypełni w całości postulatu pełnej integracji tej grupy. Dlaczego? Być może pytanie tkwi po stronie samej mniejszości romskiej.

 
  
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  Clare Daly, on behalf of The Left Group. – Madam President, I have to say I’m really sick of listening to talk about traveller and Roma inequality and exclusion and nothing changing, and my own country Ireland is an example of that. We are waiting for more than 10 years for a traveller health action policy and there still isn’t one, despite the fact that traveller men have a life expectancy of 66 years – 15 years younger than their peers.

We have a Roma national and traveller national inclusion strategy, no clear implementation plan, no significant resources. We have a traveller education strategy – no sign of it happening. No action on housing – 15% of travellers homeless, many more in unsuitable accommodation and nothing is done.

But let’s be honest about it. Racism is at the heart of the problem. It is one of the reasons why nothing is being done. And unless we tackle this, take action and invest resources then nothing will change.

 
  
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  Miroslav Radačovský (NI). – Pani predsedajúca, integrácia Rómov do spoločnosti bude úspešná len vtedy, pokiaľ sa na nej budú podieľať aj samotní Rómovia.

Nestačí len vzdelávanie Rómov, prípadne finančná pomoc. Rómovia musia cítiť, že sú rovnocennými občanmi Únie, rovnoprávnymi občanmi toho ktorého členského štátu, bez akéhokoľvek skrytého náznaku rasizmu, xenofóbie, čo žiaľbohu stále existuje.

Človek je len jeden. Koža je len obal. Len človek v dôstojnom postavení môže byť prínosom pri riešení problémov.

Rómovia nie sú Cigáni. Rómovia nie sú cigojner, Rómovia nie sú gitan, ani gypsies.

Sú národ, národnostná menšina, a majú jediné historické pomenovanie Róm, staré 3000 rokov.

Európska komisia sa musí dôrazne zasadiť za to, aby v každom štáte toto pomenovanie bolo ako historické pomenovanie kodifikované. Iné pomenovanie pre väčšinu Rómov je hanlivé, neúctivé. Uráža ich to a vylučuje zo spoločnosti.

A pokiaľ sa budú cítiť byť vylúčení zo spoločnosti, nebudú mať snahu podieľať sa na zlepšení svojho postavenia.

 
  
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  Loránt Vincze (PPE). – Madam President, this is a debate we should not have. The national Roma strategies should already have been adopted. Roma inclusion, equality and participation should already mean funding, programmes and some results. This is not yet the case unfortunately.

We learn from the shortcomings of the previous year Roma framework that delivering results for the Roma is largely dependent on the political will in the Member States. The reason the previous strategy had failed was not its content, but the lack of support from some Member States. The European Union must provide the necessary push, structure and coordination for Member States so that we can move away from the institutional and political inaction.

I agree with colleagues. We need more than the debate. We need more than a resolution even. A proper Roma legislative framework would be needed, that in the future would create certainty, predictability and career goals on this matter.

Roma integration strategies should not be conceived as isolated documents. The national Roma strategies are not independent from the national EU financing programmes, from the recovery plan or those from the Next Generation EU. On the contrary, country—specific recommendations and on the situation of Roma should be an integral part of the relevant horizontal, central and local policies.

Roma inclusion must make it to the top of national, social and economic agendas. I invite the Commission and the Council to act in this direction.

 
  
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  Evin Incir (S&D). – Madam President, Member States are supposed to submit their national Roma strategies by September this year. It is important to reflect already.

Let me give you an example of what is happening in one of our Member States, Hungary, a country with a significant number of marginalised Roma population in Europe. An only draft national strategy, seen by a civil society organisation that we in the Anti-Racism and Diversity Intergroup talked with, is not reflecting recommendations from the new EU framework. For example, the draft doesn’t even mention anti-Gypsyism or discrimination or racism. There is no real consultation even with the independent Roma and pro-Roma organisations. No Roma is participating in the implementation in, for example, the Hungarian flagship programme ‘300 villages’. There is no transparent use of EU funds.

To conclude, it is high time we ensure that the financial support aimed at supporting the Roma communities goes to the communities, and is not being misused by some Member States for other purposes.

 
  
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  Dragoș Pîslaru (Renew). – Doamnă președintă, doamnă comisară Dalli, doamnă secretară de stat Zacarias, originea etnică stă la baza celei mai răspândite forme de discriminare în Uniunea Europeană.

Comunitățile de romi sunt cele mai expuse la prejudecăți și intoleranțe. Copiii din aceste comunități sunt parte a unui ciclu al dezavantajelor transmise din generație în generație, trăind în sărăcie, excluziune socială și discriminare.

Suntem foarte aproape să avem o garanție europeană pentru copii, instrument care vine să combată sărăcia în rândul copiilor din aceste familii defavorizate. Pentru a-și atinge scopul - așa cum Președinția portugheză a ajutat - Garanția trebuie să ajute și să ofere tuturor copiilor acces la servicii esențiale: la educație, la asistență medicală, la nutriție sănătoasă, la locuire adecvată.

Recomandările Consiliului și noul cadru strategic pentru egalitatea, incluziunea și participarea romilor sunt binevenite, însă trebuie să fim mai ambițioși, să avem obiective obligatorii și măsurabile, susținute de o legislație europeană care să ghideze incluziunea socială, participarea în comunitate și combaterea discriminării romilor.

 
  
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  Joachim Kuhs (ID). – Frau Präsidentin, Frau Ministerin, Frau Kommissarin, werte Kollegen! Roma und Sinti haben mich mein Leben lang begleitet. Seit rund dreißig Jahren bin ich mit gemeinnütziger Arbeit für Kinder in Rumänien engagiert. Besonders erinnere ich mich an die zehn Roma—Familien auf dem Müllberg von Arad. Unser Hilfsverein wollte für sie Wohnungen bauen. Leider scheiterte dies an der Stadtverwaltung. Zuletzt war ich im Rahmen der Donauraumstrategie mit der Förderung und Integration von Roma in den Donauländern verbunden.

Leider erinnere ich mich auch an die vielen insbesondere jungen Roma, die in unseren Städten als Bettler unterwegs sind und deren Anblick mir immer einen Stich ins Herz gibt. Oft begegnete ich den gleichen Kindern in den Fußgängerzonen in Freiburg, in Frankfurt, in Mannheim, in Stuttgart, und wenn mich der Eindruck nicht täuscht, habe ich sie auch hier schon in Brüssel gesehen. Diese Kinder gehören aber in die Schule. Sie erbetteln Geld für ihre Clans, die sich dann prächtige Häuser in Ungarn und Rumänien bauen. Diese Paläste habe ich mit eigenen Augen gesehen.

Was können wir tun? Zuerst verdienen diese Menschen unseren Respekt, nicht unser Mitleid. Sie brauchen Chancengleichheit, nicht unser Geld. Und die Roma müssen auch bereit sein, sich in die europäische Gesellschaft zu integrieren – wenn sie das nicht wollen, dann nützt alles nichts. Dann nur können wir es schaffen, die Roma zur gleichberechtigten Teilhabe in allen Bereichen zu ertüchtigen. Es gibt viel zu tun, packen wir es an!

 
  
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  Sylwia Spurek (Verts/ALE). – Pani Przewodnicząca! Romowie i Romki to najbardziej liczna mniejszość etniczna w Unii Europejskiej. Są mieszkańcami i mieszkankami Unii, a jednak w wielu państwach członkowskich wciąż odmawia im się fundamentalnych praw.

W Polsce przez dekady kolejne rządy nie zauważały społeczności romskiej, wolały nie widzieć wykluczenia, dyskryminacji, warunków, w jakich żyli i wciąż żyją. Tak było łatwiej, niż rozwiązywać problemy. Te lata zaniedbań uwypukliła pandemia, wiele dzieci romskich pozostało bez dostępu do edukacji. Zagrażające zdrowiu warunki bytowe na osiedlach romskich, np. brak bieżącej wody, teraz stały się zagrożeniem dla życia.

Szczególnie trudna jest sytuacja kobiet. Romnia, czyli w języku romani Romki, doświadczają dyskryminacji krzyżowej, mierzą się z utrudnionym dostępem do edukacji, ochrony zdrowia i zatrudnienia, z wykluczeniem w ramach swojej społeczności lub ze względu na bycie jej częścią. Dotyka je przemoc, także ta motywowana uprzedzeniami rasowymi.

Najnowsza strategia ramowa Komisji Europejskiej na rzecz równego traktowania Romów i Romek zawiera konkretne cele, tylko czy Komisja znowu nie poprzestanie na pięknych słowach i pustych obietnicach.

 
  
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  Ангел Джамбазки (ECR). – Госпожо председател, колеги, подходът Ви по този въпрос е тотално и напълно сбъркан. Говорите за права, права, права и права. Чудесно! Само че правата навсякъде и винаги трябва да ходят със задължения. Задължението да се учиш, задължението да работиш, задължението да си търсиш работа, задължението да не извършваш престъпления, да не обираш, да не ограбваш възрастни хора, задължението да не насилваш самотни възрастни жени. Когато имаш тези задължения, ти имаш и правата, разбира се. Обаче Вие непрекъснато акцентирате върху другата тема. Изляхте милиони, милиарди от парите на европейските данъкоплатци в ръчичките на крадливи фондации и организации, които за 10, 15, 20 години, декади и прочие щуротии, не направиха абсолютно нищо. Да ви кажа ли какъв е резултатът от тази работа. Ще Ви кажа. Само преди два дни в България, Нова Загора, жителите на махалата в Нова Загора нападнаха влак. Спряха го и го потрошиха с камъни за забавление. Влак, бе колеги, влак, за забавление. Виждали сте влак, нали? И камък вероятно сте виждали. Все едно тази случка я е описал Карл Май или Майн Рийд, но уви това е резултатът от Вашата работа 20-30 години, в 21-ви век. Срамота, уважаеми! Време е да си отворите очите, да си извадите главата от земята и да видите проблема такъв, какъвто е. Няма интеграция, която не е пожелана и не може да бъде пожелана. Задълженията преди правата!

 
  
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  Eugenia Rodríguez Palop (The Left). – Señora presidenta, frente al crecimiento de las políticas antigitanas y el racismo de la extrema derecha, es esencial la voluntad política y el compromiso democrático. La extrema derecha no solo odia al extranjero, odia al diferente, aunque no sea foráneo. Quieren imponer una Europa homogénea a su imagen y semejanza: pretenden ser el perfecto modelo europeo y no son más que una monstruosidad a la que nadie quiere parecerse.

En Europa, hay un antigitanismo estructural y otro instigado por el supremacismo de ciertas formaciones políticas y sus tentáculos: el resultado es que tenemos gitanos europeos, desde hace siglos, que siguen condenados a la pobreza, la falta de recursos y la criminalización.

Frente a este discurso psicópata, tenemos que defender la universalidad de los derechos y acabar con el apartheid de la población gitana: hay que articular políticas públicas con la participación activa de sus destinatarios, evitando el paternalismo y el clientelismo, políticas más transversales e interseccionales a las que hay que dotar de fondos.

Pedimos un compromiso serio para acabar con el supremacismo blanco y el racismo en Europa, liderado por la extrema derecha.

 
  
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  Przewodnicząca. – (zwracając się do posła Romea Franza) Informuję Pana Posła, że jeśli jest to wniosek formalny, to wnioski formalne składa się godzinę przed rozpoczęciem sesji. Jeśli jest to wniosek formalny, powinien był Pan go zgłosić godzinę przed rozpoczęciem sesji: takie są obowiązujące teraz reguły.

 
  
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  Delara Burkhardt (S&D). – Frau Präsidentin, liebe Kolleginnen und Kollegen! Die Pandemie trifft uns alle, aber sie trifft uns eben nicht alle gleich. Hunderttausend Roma standen in den letzten Wochen und Monaten unter extremem Druck und noch größeren Risiken. Es kam in mehreren europäischen Ländern zu rassistischen Übergriffen, unverhältnismäßigen Maßnahmen, wie beispielsweise der kompletten Abriegelung einiger Stadtteile oder Dörfer, in denen überwiegend Roma leben.

Warum der fehlende Zugang zu sauberem Wasser, Essen, medizinischer Vorsorge mitten in einer Pandemie fatal ist, muss ich hier – glaube ich – nicht erklären. Aber auch vor der Pandemie war der Handlungsdruck schon groß. Viele Roma erfahren strukturellen Rassismus, werden tagtäglich im Beruf, in der Ausbildung, auf dem Wohnungsmarkt und nicht zuletzt im Gesundheitssystem diskriminiert. Roma in ganz Europa haben ein Recht auf Gesundheit, Bildung und politische Teilhabe. Es braucht endlich rechtlich verbindliche Konsequenzen, wenn Mitgliedstaaten Ziele nicht umsetzen. Die Kommission muss hier in der Strategie nachlegen. Antiziganismus hat keinen Platz in Europa!

 
  
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  Maite Pagazaurtundúa (Renew). – Señora presidenta, yo creo que el discurso del señor Dzhambazki hay que analizarlo, porque es un ejemplo claro de lo que puede ser la creación de retóricas intolerantes, de retóricas de creación del odio. Y cuando las retóricas del odio se transmiten desde los lugares públicos, tienen muchísimo más efecto y mucho más pernicioso.

Hay una cosa que está clara: todos los seres humanos son y tienen la misma dignidad y no deben ser estigmatizados al nacer. Y el señor Dzhambazki lo que ha hecho es generalizar y estigmatizar a todo un colectivo por hechos supuestamente realizados, en su opinión, por todos los componentes de ese colectivo.

Esta es la primera gran cuestión: crear enemigos.

Y, vamos a ver: hay un círculo vicioso de las condiciones desfavorables y los estereotipos y la discriminación y los prejuicios, que lastran a personas generación tras generación. Usted, señor Dzhambazki, en un niño, no ve un niño: ve un enemigo.

Y tenemos que romper con esto. Esta es la cuestión fundamental: hay que romper con esto.

Cada ser humano tiene su dignidad; y si hay una persona que es delincuente, sea romaní o sea no romaní, pues la Justicia tendrá que determinarlo. Usted está categorizándolos a todos como delincuentes y esto es lo primero que en este Parlamento no podemos permitir.

 
  
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  Maria Grapini (S&D). – Doamnă președintă, stimați colegi, astăzi dezbatem un lucru pe care l-am mai dezbătut. Ce concluzie putem să tragem? Că discriminarea romilor, că lipsa de incluziune a lor, de fapt, doar se dezbate, dar nu avem măsuri concrete care să ducă la o finalitate.

S-a vorbit de banii cheltuiți – îmi pare rău că trebuie să spun – dar să știți că banii nu au ajuns de multe ori la romi, au ajuns la anumite asociații care i-au luat. Nu ați stabilit, doamnă comisar, și trebuie să stabilim niște indicatori de performanță. Ce fac cu acei bani? Au un rezultat de integrare a romilor? Și, cu tot respectul, cred că sunt mulți cetățeni discriminați.

Se vorbea aici că romii și copiii nu au apă caldă. Să știți că sunt mulți alți copii săraci care nu au apă caldă. Eu cred că Europa are nevoie de umanitate, de umanism, de solidaritate și acest lucru trebuie să-l facem nu prin vorbe, ci prin fapte și statele trebuie să fie solidare, să-și asume. Am văzut de nenumărate ori romi îmbarcați în avioane și trimiși în altă parte. De ce?

Avem o piață unică și ei sunt cetățeni europeni. Toți sunt cetățeni europeni din toate cele 27 de state, indiferent de etnie, și trebuie să-i respectăm. Oamenii trebuie să trăiască în demnitate, altfel facem de formă niște declarații care n-au niciun impact asupra cetățenilor.

 
  
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  Lívia Járóka (NI). – Elnök Asszony! Nagyon köszönöm a mai megszólalásokat, és a kritikák teljesen jogosak voltak az Európai Bizottság és a Tanács felé is. Az Európai Parlament 2010-ben javasolta azokat a döntéseket, amik most végre Portóban megszülettek. A tagállamoknak, Magyarországot követve, a szeptemberben beadandó Recovery Fund-os programoknál a romákat előtérbe kell helyezni. A diszkrimináció megszüntetése csak munkahellyel és oktatással történhet meg.

Európa legnagyobb vesztesei a Covid-járványnak mondhatjuk azt, hogy a szegények, és az ezt követő időszakban nagyon fontos gazdasági lépésekre van ahhoz szükség, hogy az európai romáknak ne csak a diszkriminációjuk szűnjön meg, hanem az integrációjuk, a gazdasági bekapcsolásuk az európai társadalomba végre megtörténhessék. Az európai romák több mint 800 éve tagjai az európai társadalomnak, a gazdasági integrációjukhoz és kultúrájukhoz hozzájárultak. Ennek mértékében kérem az Európai Tanácsot és az Európai Bizottságot, hogy jobb szakmai javaslatokkal támogassák a tagállamokat a romák integrációjában.

 
  
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  Przewodnicząca. – Zwracam się do wszystkich obecnych na sali, szczególnie tych Państwa, którzy chcieli zabrać głos. Informuję Państwa, że w związku z naszym procedowaniem w okresie pandemii nie mogą Państwo reagować i zabierać głosu ani składać wniosków formalnych. Powinno się to odbyć na godzinę przed rozpoczęciem posiedzenia, ale oczywiście rozumiem Państwa emocje, w związku z czym przekażę tę informację przewodniczącemu Parlamentu, bo tylko on może zmienić formę procedowania w okresie pandemii.

 
  
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  Helena Dalli, Member of the Commission. – Madam President, I sincerely thank honourable Members for this important debate, and I don’t use the word ‘important’ loosely here because we are speaking about the realities of millions of Europeans. So thanks again for your contributions here.

In order to ensure the best possible implementation of the EU Roma strategic framework and make real progress towards Roma equality and inclusion at all levels of governance, we need to work together. The EU needs to join forces with Member States’ regional and local authorities to achieve sustainable progress, and we must also involve all stakeholders in a spirit of genuine partnership. Above all, we must continue to reach out to Roma people themselves and create the right conditions, allowing them to engage fully in all stages of the policy process as well as in social, cultural and economic life.

It is good that Member States have demonstrated their commitment to address the challenges faced by Roma communities by taking on board our proposal and adopting the Council recommendation on Roma equality, inclusion and participation unanimously last March. This recommendation provides stronger guidance to Member States and sets out concrete measures that they should adopt in order to achieve equality, inclusion and participation of Roma. In addition to addressing the sectoral policy areas of education, employment, health and housing, which remain relevant, the recommendation covers measures focusing on equality and non—discrimination, stronger partnership and institutional capacity, better use of funds and reinforced monitoring. So, as a next step, Member States are now defining their national measures. They should submit their Roma strategic frameworks by September and report on implementation every two years.

I underline once more that we have taken to heart the lessons learned from our past experience and designed a comprehensive strategic framework to foster Roma equality, inclusion and participation. I am personally convinced that, by genuine commitment and unity on this issue, we can make this initiative a success. I therefore call on all of us – all of us – to contribute and help make a real difference for Roma people in Europe.

 
  
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  Ana Paula Zacarias, Presidente em exercício do Conselho. – Senhora Presidente, Senhora Comissária, Senhoras e Senhores Deputados, fica claro neste debate que as populações ciganas são as populações mais vulneráveis e discriminadas no nosso espaço comum e que temos que fazer mais para reverter esta situação.

A recente recomendação do Conselho, adotada já durante a Presidência portuguesa, aposta na complementaridade das políticas europeias nacionais e locais, como referiu a Senhora Comissária, no combate a este processo secular de exclusão social e de discriminação da maioria das populações europeias de origem cigana.

A recomendação oferece orientações para o desenho, a implementação e a monitorização de uma nova geração de estratégias nacionais que promovam a efetiva inclusão destas populações, como consagrado nos Tratados, nos princípios do Pilar Europeu dos Direitos Sociais e no seu novo plano de ação.

Mas integração não significa perda de identidade. Integração é poder ser diferente, mas usufruir dos mesmos direitos, das mesmas oportunidades, da mesma dignidade e, neste sentido, foi muito importante e muito inspirador para mim a conferência que acabámos de organizar em Portugal, a nível europeu, chamada Working Together for Roma Rights, na qual tivemos o prazer de ouvir organizações da sociedade civil, académicos, políticos, incluindo membros deste Parlamento.

Temos, aliás, mantido um contacto bastante estreito com os deputados membros do Intergrupo ARDI, ao longo da nossa Presidência, em diversos contextos, procurando valorizar o seu contributo na defesa da diversidade, na não discriminação e na promoção de uma verdadeira inclusão social das comunidades ciganas.

Nessa conferência, ouvimos também distintos quadros da comunidade cigana, incluindo estudantes e académicos, que estão na vanguarda dessa luta pela igualdade, pela participação, pela inclusão, pela participação cívica. Eles são a voz de uma comunidade que a História tem maltratado e marginalizado, mas são também o rosto de um enorme potencial de construção de uma sociedade europeia inclusiva, plural, desenvolvida, que rejeita o anticiganismo.

As populações ciganas da Europa não são estrangeiras, são europeias. Têm as mesmas aspirações e o mesmo potencial que todos nós. Cabe-nos assegurar que elas possam ajudar a definir as políticas que lhes dizem respeito, impulsionar a economia, melhorar a sociedade europeia no seu conjunto, aumentando a sua representação nos processos de decisão, incluindo a nível político, mas só assim, sem dúvida, só assim poderemos avançar e ter resultados concretos, como foi dito na Cimeira do Porto.

 
  
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  Przewodnicząca. – Zamykam debatę.

Oświadczenia pisemne (art. 171)

 
  
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  Ioan-Rareş Bogdan (PPE), în scris. – Romii sunt cea mai numeroasă comunitate etnică din Europa. Se estimează că pe continentul nostru trăiesc 10-12 milioane de romi, dintre care aproximativ 6 milioane sunt cetățeni sau rezidenți ai UE. În ciuda numeroaselor acțiuni întreprinse în sensul combaterii discriminării, mulți reprezentanți ai acestei comunități sunt încă victime ale prejudecaților și excluziunii sociale. Cifrele indică faptul că un procent semnificativ dintre romi trăiesc sub pragul sărăciei, multe gospodării sunt fără apă sau nu au toaletă interioară sau un duș.

Trebuie să ne concentrăm toate eforturile pentru a duce la îndeplinire trei ținte extrem de importante: ocuparea forței de muncă, formarea profesională și reducerea sărăciei în rândul comunității rome. Când ne gândim la Europa, ne gândim la o Europă care pune accent pe bunăstarea cetățenilor săi în primul rând. UE are datoria să își protejeze minoritățile împotriva rasismului și discriminării și de aceea susțin orice demers în care cetățenii romi și comunitățile de romi pot avea șanse egale în toate sferele vieții, pot beneficia de incluziune socioeconomică și pot participa în mod egal în societate.

 
Dernière mise à jour: 23 septembre 2021Avis juridique - Politique de confidentialité