Pełne sprawozdanie z obrad

Wtorek, 5 lipca 2022 r. - Strasburg

15. Sprawozdanie za rok 2021 dotyczące Bośni i Hercegowiny (debata)

  Sēdes vadītājs. – Nākamais darba kārtības punkts ir debates par Paulo Rangel ziņojumu Ārlietu komitejas vārdā par 2021. gada ziņojumu par Bosniju un Hercegovinu (2021/2245(INI)) (A9-0188/2022).

   I would like just to remind you that I will not read all the procedural points which everybody knows, so just please take into account that we are working through the ordinary topics on the agenda as regards where to speak. I will tell you how long you have to speak when I give you the floor.

  Michael Gahler, deputising for the rapporteur. – Mr President, Bosnia and Herzegovina is at a crossroads in its European path. After a year of political deadlocks and secessionist movements, the political agreement reached in Brussels on 12 June and the most recent Council conclusions are strong signs of the EU’s commitment to the European and Euro-Atlantic future of the country. The European Council has declared its readiness to grant candidate status to Bosnia and Herzegovina. This is a crucial moment for the country, for the Western Balkans and for Europe.

While these are welcome developments, we must not forget the challenges ahead. The country still needs to implement a number of reforms and fulfil several necessary criteria. The Council has said so by inviting the Commission to report immediately on the implementation of the 14 key priorities. Strengthening the independence of the judiciary, the rule of law and the fight against organised crime and corruption will be central to this positive assessment. The two main challenges that Bosnia Herzegovina currently faces are not technical but political. The secessionist movements orchestrated by the leadership of the Republika Srpska and the impasse in negotiations on electoral and constitutional reforms which will bring Bosnia Herzegovina in line with European norms. These two challenges have caused an almost permanent deadlock of state institutions that required the intervention of the High Representative and a reinforcement of Operation Althea. Solving these blockages and bringing functionality back to the state is of paramount importance. Therefore, the Council must follow the example set by the US and the UK and sanction Milorad Dodik, someone who, only days after committing himself to reforms in Brussels, flew to St Petersburg to meet Vladimir Putin and continues to refuse to condemn the Russian war of aggression against Ukraine. The Kremlin’s assets around Europe and the world are being sanctioned. Mr Dodik must be as well.

The withdrawal from state institutions and the creation of parallel ones are a violation of the Constitution and the Dayton Peace Agreement and inevitably prevent any advance towards EU integration. That is also why we must support the Office of the High Representative and Operation Althea, which are vital to maintain the peace and stability of Bosnia Herzegovina. Their mandates must be renewed and if they are not, other means must be explored and be at our disposal, including NATO. The European Union’s funding must also be modulated in light of these threats.

The electoral and constitutional reforms have also not yet been realised, despite significant mediation by the EU and the US. There was a lack of political will to overcome differences and reach a balanced agreement. That is why we welcome the political agreement reached in Brussels, which will allow the country to progress decisively on its European past. The legacy of the Dayton Peace Agreement must be preserved, but the country must also implement repeated rulings by national and international courts and bodies to guarantee equality and non-discrimination.

Most importantly, we must acknowledge the long-standing European aspirations of all citizens of Bosnia and Herzegovina: Bosniaks, Croats, Serbs, Jews, Roma and all other citizens who will benefit immensely with these key reforms. It is their legitimate choices and aspirations that need to be respected. And that is why free and fair elections must take place next October. Funds have now been secured, and we call on all political actors to take part and allow the citizens to express their democratic choices.

And so, despite these challenges, we should appreciate the renewed European focus on the Western Balkans and understand its unmistakable importance in Europe’s new strategic and security context. The peace, stability and prosperity of Bosnia Herzegovina depend on our support and on the country’s European perspective.

  Janez Lenarčič, Member of the Commission. – Mr President, honourable Members, first let me thank the rapporteur, Paolo Rangel, for his work and the honourable Mr Gahler for his presentation.

The European Council on 23 June has been very clear. EU leaders are ready to grant the status of candidate country to Bosnia and Herzegovina if the country meets the substantial set of reforms that are necessary. Now Bosnia and Herzegovina has to deliver. We expect to see tangible reforms in view of fulfilling the 14 key priorities from the Commission’s opinion. These key priorities, as we know, cover reforms in the areas of democracy and functionality, the rule of law, fundamental rights and public administration reform.

The Commission stands ready to report, as requested by the European Council, on the implementation of the opinion’s key priorities. Let there be no doubt that Bosnia and Herzegovina has a clear European perspective as a single, united and sovereign country. The full functioning of state institutions is key for its EU path. Following Russia’s war of aggression on Ukraine, Bosnia and Herzegovina has confirmed its European commitment by aligning with EU statements and sanctions on Russia and Belarus. The Commission welcomes this.

However, this year was one more lost year. Instead of concrete progress, we have seen growing political divisions throughout the country, which are affecting also the everyday life of people and businesses. We need constructive dialogue and political will from all sides to move forward on the EU path.

Bosnia and Herzegovina’s institutions have remained blocked for too long. The continued boycott has jeopardised significant investments, including investments coming from the Economic and Investment Plan for the Western Balkans. I expect the representatives of Republika Srpska to put an end to the political crisis and to ensure the full functioning of the state institutions. Only then will the Commission sign the contribution agreements for the Corridor Vc road and rail investments located in the Republika Srpska entity.

In the past few months we have seen many reforms stalled or voted down in the parliament. This was the case of the amendments aimed at improving electoral standards, those aimed at enhancing integrity in the judiciary and of the draft law on conflict of interest. Also, a lot of hope and efforts have been put into the talks on the electoral and constitutional reform, but a solution could not be found. Now fair, free and inclusive elections must take place in October as scheduled. Only by concretely delivering on reforms will Bosnia and Herzegovina demonstrate that it deserves candidate status.

Bosnia and Herzegovina needs to move forward on all key priorities. Bosnia and Herzegovina is key for the future of the Western Balkans. The region’s future is in the European Union. Instead of in—fighting, the country should focus on the positive and constructive European agenda. This is the agenda with real gains and real benefits for everyone. It is the agenda that brings prosperity, stability and peace, and it is the agenda on which we need to work together.

The Commission stands ready to support Bosnia and Herzegovina in this endeavour with all its instruments. I thank you for your attention and I am looking forward to our discussion.

  Željana Zovko, u ime kluba PPE. – Poštovani predsjedavajući, poštovani povjereniče, mi smo se nekada razumjeli. Živjeli smo u jednoj zemlji gdje je zakon većine donio do velikog raspada te iste zemlje. Nije to tako davno bilo, nisam ni ja tako stara, ni vi. Još se sjećamo tog trenutka.

Bosna i Hercegovina je zemlja koja je nastala na Daytonsko-pariško mirovnom sporazumu, sporazumu koji je označio mir jednog krvavog sukoba kojega danas gledamo. To je bilo ‘95. Ja sam kao izbjeglica bila u Londonu do ’99. kada su bombe prestale, u londonskom tubeu kada je napravljen Good Friday Agreement. Ovdje raspravljamo o tome da li trebamo čuvati Daytonsko-pariški mirovni sporazum ili da li trebamo ući u još jednu novu krizu.

Sutra se sastaju čelnici političkih lidera Srba, Bošnjaka i Hrvata u Bruxellesu. Ja očekujem jedan pozitivan dogovor da se nakon izbora, koji se održavaju u 10. mjesecu, koji će biti, nažalost, implementirani bez dogovora o izbornom zakonu. Da li ćemo ući u još jednu dublju krizu ili će izbori označiti nastavak mira, nastavak jednog dugog puta prema Europskoj uniji ili ćemo ostati... (Predsjedavajući je govornici oduzeo riječ)

  Dietmar Köster, on behalf of the S&D Group. – Mr President, Bosnia and Herzegovina need an EU perspective. The Bosnian citizens want to belong to the EU. Bosnia and Herzegovina should be granted candidate status to achieve this. BiH has to implement reforms against corruption and strengthen the rule of law.

Following the 14 key priorities, BiH needs due functioning of democratic institutions, good governance and fundamental rights. Bosnian leaders must focus on the reforms to provide all people decent living conditions, regardless of what ethnic group they belong to. Abusing different ethnic origins and feelings, most of the leading politicians keep the country in limbo. I’m happy that the election will take place in October, and I hope that as many citizens as possible will participate.

BiH must have a future in the EU. In view of the current fundamental geopolitical upheaval this would be in the interests of BiH and the EU, but we should bear in mind that in the context of the enlargement process, the EU must reform itself.

  Klemen Grošelj, v imenu skupine Renew. – Spoštovani! Po več kot dveh letih dela na Bosni in Hercegovini lahko ugotovim, da naše evropsko delovanje v BiH ni niti geopolitično niti strateško. Zamudili smo zgodovinsko priložnost, da bi državi, ki je kljub vsem grožnjam, oviram, napovedim secesije, željam po tretji entiteti, še kaj bi se našlo, ohranila stabilnost in bi skupaj z vlogo, ki jo zaseda v regiji, več kot zaslužila status kandidatke. A ne, v EU tega ne zmore ne Svet EU, ne ta hiša, ne Komisija.

Kot pijanec plota se oklepamo 14 reformnih pogojev, ki so nastali v povsem drugačnem političnem in predvsem varnostnem kontekstu. Medtem ko Nato jasno in nedvoumno opredeljuje strateški pomen BiH za varnost in stabilnost ne samo Zahodnega Balkana, ampak celotne Evrope, se mi Evropejci opotekamo v gozdu različnih interesov, ki so v veliki meri zastrupili ali onemogočili enotno evropsko delovanje v Bosni in Hercegovini. Gre za popolno odsotnost zavedanja, da BiH, če se nekateri v tej hiši še tako trudijo dokazovati, ni zgodba o neuspehu izključno zaradi lastne kompleksnosti, ampak tudi zaradi naše nezmožnosti enotnega delovanja. Zaradi česar smo obsojeni na neprestani krizni menedžment.

Kar danes potrebujemo v BiH, poleg statusa države kandidatke, je jasna in odločna evropska intervencija. BiH potrebuje enotno evropsko posredovanje pri vzpostavljanju vladavine prava, boja proti korupciji in proti organiziranemu kriminalu, pri zagotavljanju neodvisnega pravosodja in svobodnih medijev. EU mora odločno, z jasnim okvirom pogojevanja v širitveni metodologiji prekiniti igre mačke z mišjo, ki jo igramo z različnimi lokalnimi politiki. Namesto besed morajo slediti dejanja, reforme in spremembe, ki bodo v dobrobit tako ljudi v BiH kakor tudi v Evropski uniji. Te spremembe mnogim lokalnim politikom ne bodo po volji, a z njimi se brezplodno že tako ali tako ukvarjamo predolgo.

  Tineke Strik, on behalf of the Verts/ALE Group. – Mr President, Commissioner, the rapporteur is not here, unfortunately. I would like to thank the rapporteur, Mr Rangel, for his work and genuine efforts to find compromises, and it has resulted in a strong, unified position of the Parliament. With this report, the Parliament makes very clear that the future of Bosnia is in the EU and it urges for a serious revival of the EU enlargement agenda.

The Russian aggression has made this integration process even more urgent, as destabilisation of the region is a real threat. But we are also frank: for Bosnia to advance on its path to the EU, commitment is needed from both sides. Mr Dodik cannot maintain to be in favour of EU accession and at the same time support Putin and try to dismantle the state of Bosnia. HDZ cannot insist on cementing ethnic division through a discriminatory electoral law which undermines the principle of one person, one vote.

Leaders need to overcome the past and implement the highly needed reforms transforming Bosnia into the functional, multi-ethnic state that the citizens so much want and deserve.

  Bernhard Zimniok, im Namen der ID-Fraktion. – Herr Präsident! Bosnien und Herzegowina hat alleine bis 2020 rund 1,5 Milliarden Hilfe und Unterstützung durch die EU erhalten. Zuletzt gab es noch 250 Millionen COVID-Hilfen obendrauf. Bedingung dafür sind vor allem die Stärkung der Demokratie und die Korruptionsbekämpfung.

2007 lag Bosnien noch auf Platz 84 des Korruptionsindex. Nach der Milliardenhilfe rangiert das Land auf Platz 110. Genau wie im Fall Griechenlands kann Bosnien machen, was es will. Die Gelder werden ohnehin überwiesen, und zur Belohnung will man das Land jetzt auch noch in die EU holen, obwohl es hoch korrupt ist, obwohl es quasi nichts gegen die unkontrollierte Massenmigration in der EU über sein Territorium unternimmt, obwohl es auf Jahrzehnte Nettoempfänger wäre. Ich frage mich: Woher soll das Geld kommen, und wieso will man eigentlich ein gescheitertes Land überhaupt in die EU holen? Der Beitrittsprozess gehört umgehend beendet. Die Gelder müssen stattdessen für die europäischen Bürger eingesetzt werden.

  Assita Kanko, namens de ECR-Fractie. – In het gewijzigde Europese veiligheidskader van vandaag ijvert de ECR-Fractie voor een vreedzame Westelijke Balkanregio die het Europese pad verder kan bewandelen zonder Russische bemoeienissen. Wij verwelkomen het politieke akkoord van 12 juni over de beginselen voor het verzekeren van een functioneel Bosnië en Herzegovina dat nodig is voor de stabiliteit van dat land. Wij dringen er bij de politieke leiders van Bosnië en Herzegovina met klem op aan om dit akkoord onverwijld uit te voeren. Ook steunen wij de maatregelen voor het verzekeren van de veiligheid van Bosnië en Herzegovina die werden aangekondigd in de verklaring van de NAVO-top van Madrid.

Het verslag dat wij nu bespreken, tendeert echter naar een meer unitaire staat voor Bosnië en Herzegovina met uitvlakking van het concept van de samenstellende volkeren dat werd neergelegd in het Dayton-vredesakkoord. Als volksvertegenwoordiger uit een plurinationale staat weet ik dat dit een averechts effect zal hebben. Het niet-eerbiedigen in dit verslag van de bevoegdheidsverdeling inzake onderwijs tussen de EU en de lidstaten baart ook in mijn deelstaat Vlaanderen zorgen. Een federaal bestel waarin de gelijkwaardige samenstellende volkeren hun eigen bevoegdheidsdomeinen kunnen beheren en kunnen samenwerken, lijkt ons een meer aangewezen weg.

  Fabio Massimo Castaldo (NI). – Mr President, dear colleagues, as the main outcome of the last European Council, we have applauded the decision to give Ukraine and Moldova EU candidate status. While this was an essential political message aiming at reaffirming our undiminished commitment for the future membership of the countries in the Western partnership, this fast track is causing turbulences in the Western Balkans.

For this reason, the Council’s readiness to grant candidate status to Bosnia is a very important step as we cannot risk further disenchantment and we cannot give the impression that we are leaving the Western Balkans behind. The implementation of the commitments, as set out in the political agreement reached on 12 June 2022, will be paramount and I strongly hope that after the Commission reports on the 14 key priorities, as requested by the Council, we’ll swiftly welcome Bosnia Herzegovina as an official candidate.

Dear colleagues, delaying further the inevitable EU perspective for the Balkans in the EU is like playing with fire as there is a concrete risk that they will look elsewhere. As we perfectly know where this ‘elsewhere’ is, I am sure we don’t want that to happen.

  Sunčana Glavak (PPE). – Poštovani predsjedavajući, poštovani povjereniče, kolegice i kolege, na ovo izvješće, zajedno s kolegama, uložila sam 61 amandman i mogu reći da su neki usvojeni, kao što su jačanje medijskog pluralizma na svim jezicima u Bosni i Hercegovini, pozivanje na jačanje prekogranične suradnje u borbi protiv kriminala i osiguravanje europske perspektive Bosne i Hercegovine.

Međutim, još jednom želim ponoviti: Bosna i Hercegovina mora ostati jedinstvena, teritorijalno cjelovita, uz jednakopravnost tri konstitutivna naroda. Jednako tako osuđujem i nepoštivanje međunarodnih i nacionalnih normi i obveza, svaku destabilizaciju u zemlji. To mora biti snažna poruka.

Politika Bosne i Hercegovine, s druge strane, mora finalizirati ustavnu i izbornu reformu i napredovati na svom europskom putu, svjesni da im je potrebna suštinska transformacija.

Europsko vijeće, što pozdravljam, prvi puta je izrazilo spremnost, i to na poticaj hrvatske vlade i hrvatskog premijera, da se Bosni i Hercegovini dodijeli status kandidata. I to pozdravljam. Za nas Hrvate i hrvatsku vladu to je posebno važno. Kolegice i kolege, i za nas Europljane. Bosna i Hercegovina je europska zemlja, naša susjedna zemlja, u njoj živi pola milijuna Hrvata.

Poruka je također Bosni i Hercegovini da se pristupi reformi Ustava i izbornog zakona, kako bi se taj ključni preduvjet koji često spominjemo mogao dovršiti za izbore u listopadu na najbolji mogući način.

Završit ću: izazovi, mogućnosti i rješenja - da, ali ne samo mogućnosti. Mi moramo Bosni i Hercegovini ponuditi rješenje jer ona je i sigurnosno prvorazredno pitanje za Europu.

  Andreas Schieder (S&D). – Mr President, Commissioner, ladies and gentlemen, dear colleagues, the last good year of Bosnia-Herzegovina’s path towards the European Union, on its European path, was 2016, when Bosnia submitted its candidacy application for the membership in the European Union; six years ago.

And the current political situation in Bosnia-Herzegovina is also the best indicator that progress cannot be found without consensus. Bosnia must use the new circumstances, which are those of the Ukraine crisis and the candidate status for Ukraine and Moldova.

But it’s up to the Commission to submit also its evaluation as soon as possible, and it’s on the other side up to Bosnia-Herzegovina to finally fulfil the main part of this obligation. But in order to succeed in doing so, it takes also a significant change in the behaviour of the political leaders in Bosnia-Herzegovina, especially of the leaders of the specific entities, to overcome divisions and to work towards a European future.

This is what is necessary, and what is about Bosnia.

  Romeo Franz (Verts/ALE). – Sehr geehrter Herr Präsident, liebe Kolleginnen und Kollegen! Wir sind uns alle einig, dass eine nachhaltige Stabilisierung Bosniens und Herzegowinas im europäischen Interesse liegt, nicht erst, aber gerade vor dem Hintergrund des russischen Angriffskriegs in der Ukraine. Wir wissen, dass Putin seinen Einfluss auf den Westbalkan und auf Bosnien und Herzegowina ausweiten will. Daher ist es notwendig, dass wir in der Europäischen Union gemeinsam mit unseren internationalen Verbündeten unserer Verantwortung gerecht werden und Frieden und Stabilität sichern. Gleichzeitig müssen die Anstrengungen auf bosnischer Seite erhöht werden, um den EU-Kandidatenstatus zu erlangen. Denn sie sind für den Demokratisierungsprozess im Lande essenziell.

Wir verurteilen diejenigen, die das Land spalten wollen. Die Blockade der Institutionen und die Spaltungsversuche der Republika Srpska müssen unverzüglich beendet werden. Die Menschen sind den Ethnonationalismus der politischen Eliten im Lande leid. Sie wollen ein Leben in Frieden und Sicherheit und eine Zukunft für sich und ihre Kinder. Umso wichtiger sind die Wahlen im Oktober. Diese müssen transparent und fair stattfinden, und die Europäische Union muss alles daransetzen, dies zu gewährleisten.

(Der Redner ist damit einverstanden, auf eine Wortmeldung nach dem Verfahren der „blauen Karte“ zu antworten.)

  Karlo Ressler (PPE), intervencija zatražena podizanjem plave kartice. – Kolega Franz, čini mi se da se slažemo oko toga da su Bosni i Hercegovini potrebni stabilnost, funkcionalnost... Kolega Franz, slažemo se oko toga da su Bosni i Hercegovini potrebni mir, stabilnost, funkcionalnost i europska perspektiva.

Čini mi se bitno naglasiti Vam još jednom da su također Bosni i Hercegovini potrebni uvažavanje prava sva tri konstitutivna naroda, ne kao nešto što je bitno samo po sebi radi nekakve apstraktnosti, nego zbog toga što bez tog uvažavanja, bez dogovora o budućnosti zemlje nemoguće je ostvariti takvu stabilnost i europsku perspektivu.

Ono što vas želim pitati je kako mislite... (predsjedavajući je govorniku oduzeo riječ)

  Romeo Franz (Verts/ALE), Antwort auf eine Wortmeldung nach dem Verfahren der „blauen Karte“. – Wir müssen ein Ethnosystem auf jeden Fall überwinden. Bosnien und Herzegowina ist das einzige Land in Europa, das dieses System hat, und das hat keine Zukunft.

Ich sage Ihnen das aus eigener Erfahrung. Wir haben in meiner Familie sechs Familienangehörige im Holocaust verloren, weil wir einer Ethnie angehörten, nämlich den Sinti. Und wir wissen, dass ein ethnisches System keine Zukunft haben kann und auch keine Menschenrechte garantieren kann. Deswegen ist es wichtig für Europa und für die Menschen, dass wir das überwinden.

  Ladislav Ilčić (ECR). – Poštovani predsjedavajući, poštovani kolege, zanima me jeste li svjesni što radite? Jeste li svjesni da pokušavate ugasiti vatru benzinom?

Vi želite problem srpskog nacionalizma i ruskog utjecaja riješiti nametanjem takozvanog građanskog, a ustvari bošnjačkog unitarizma, u kojem se Srbi osjećaju ugroženo i zbog kojeg jačaju svoj separatizam. Dakle, vi pojačavate problem umjesto da ga rješavate. Ovo izvješće ide u potpuno pogrešnom smjeru!

Pa zar je građanski pristup zaustavio rat u Bosni i Hercegovini? Nije, nego Daytonski sporazum koji podrazumijeva konstitutivnost sva tri naroda. Jednako kao i u Belgiji u kojoj većina vas radi. Možete li si, recimo, zamisliti da Valonci biraju političke predstavnike Flamanaca kao što Bošnjaci biraju političke predstavnike Hrvata? A vi hvalite visokog predstavnika Schmidta koji je glavni krivac za propast Neumskih pregovora o novom izbornom zakonu.

Dakle, zapamtite, jedino što može donijeti trajni mir za Bosnu i Hercegovinu je pravedan odnos među narodima!

  Balázs Hidvéghi (NI). – Mr President, dear colleagues, the European integration of the Balkans is a story of missed opportunities. We all know that the current war in Ukraine is not the first war in our lifetime. Chilling images of the Yugoslav war in the 1990s burnt into our memories. Back then it was the United States, in the end, that brokered peace. Because Europe failed to do so. And still the EU does not seem to have learnt from that lesson. Instead of speeding up the process, Brussels keeps on lecturing those countries – this report being a good example.

The EU should stabilise and pacify the region, and a real prospect of EU membership can do that. However, the proposition of sanctions, for instance, against elected leaders, leads nowhere. It’s not the right thing to do. Political threats create distrust and are counter—productive.

Moreover, Bosnia Herzegovina lies exactly on the Balkan migration route. Therefore, its integration into the EU with enforced border protection would contribute to stability for the local people as well as for Europe as a whole.

We cannot waste any more opportunities. The EU must give membership—candidate status to Bosnia—Herzegovina now.

  Delara Burkhardt (S&D). – Herr Präsident, liebe Kolleginnen und Kollegen! Erweiterungspolitik findet nicht in einem luftleeren Raum statt. Wir sehen, wie russische, aber auch chinesische Einflussnahme die Region destabilisiert. Und wir sehen in Bosnien-Herzegowina, wie ein Ethnonationalist boykottiert und spaltet, wie Minderheiten verfolgt werden und mühsam erkämpfte Fortschritte unter Druck geraten. Es wäre nun an der EU, solidarisch zu sein mit den demokratischen Kräften im Land, Druck zu machen, dass die Wahlen im Oktober stattfinden können, dass sie frei und fair sind.

Doch was macht unser Erweiterungskommissar? Entspannte Kaminabende mit genau den Kräften, die das verhindern. Und das prägt das Bild der EU bei den Menschen in der Region. Bei Ihnen sind wir nicht Hüterin von Demokratie und Rechtsstaatlichkeit.

Mein Appell an die Kommission: Lassen Sie nicht weiter zu, dass Erweiterungspolitik ein Spielball mitgliedstaatlicher Interessen bleibt, sondern sorgen Sie dafür, dass er ein mächtiges geopolitisches Instrument wird. Auch Sie – viel Arbeit ist in Bosnien-Herzegowina, aber auch Sie haben es in der Hand, dass die EU nicht nur die Hoffnung, sondern das Versprechen für eine bessere Zukunft der Menschen in Bosnien-Herzegowina wird.

(Die Rednerin lehnt eine Wortmeldung nach dem Verfahren der „blauen Karte“ von Ladislav Ilčić ab.)

  Mislav Kolakušić (NI). – Poštovani kolege, poštovani građani, Bosna i Hercegovina je izuzetno slična jednoj državi Europske unije, a to je Belgija. Belgija je također sastavljena od tri nacionalna entiteta - Francuza, Nizozemaca i Nijemaca. Svaki od njih ima jednaka prava, a to je upravo ono što narodi Bosne i Hercegovine nemaju.

Najviše je zakinut hrvatski narod. Tko mu bira predstavnika? Bira mu drugi narod. Kao što je kolega Ilčić spomenuo, to je kao da Francuzi biraju predstavnike Nizozemaca.

Pretvaranje Bosne i Hercegovine u takozvanu građansku državu bez priznavanja nacionalnih entiteta - može, ali onda neka na Belgiji pokažemo taj primjer, neka se Valonci, Flamanci i Nijemci odreknu svojih prava i ja vjerujem da će Bosna i Hercegovina slijediti njihov primjer.

Catch-the-eye procedure

  Tomislav Sokol (PPE). – Poštovani predsjedavajući, stabilnost i dugoročni opstanak Bosne i Hercegovine mogu se postići samo reformom izbornog zakona kojom bi se osiguralo da i Hrvati, kao jedan od tri konstitutivna naroda, mogu sami izabrati vlastite političke predstavnike. U tom smislu, ovo izvješće nedvojbeno poziva na provedbu izborne reforme i implementaciju presude u predmetu Ljubić, što podržavam.

Njime se, s druge strane, nažalost podržava provođenje izbora po sadašnjem protuustavnom izbornom zakonu, čime se nagrađuju oni koji ne žele postići pravedan dogovor, a to su prvenstveno bošnjački političari predvođeni Strankom demokratske akcije i Bakirom Izetbegovićem. Hrvatima, građanima Europske unije nameću se nelegitimni predstavnici na razini Predsjedništva BiH i Doma naroda Parlamenta Federacije BiH, a sve zbog hegemonističkih težnji iz redova Bošnjaka.

Nažalost, najveću odgovornost za ovakvu situaciju snosi takozvana međunarodna zajednica, uključujući EU, koja je oduzela Hrvatima mehanizme zaštite vlastitih kolektivnih prava još prije dvadeset godina. Moralna i politička dužnost Europske unije i Sjedinjenih Država riješiti je problem koji su sami stvorili i spasiti Hrvate u BiH od političke likvidacije koju pripremaju u Sarajevu.

  Joachim Stanisław Brudziński (ECR). – Panie Przewodniczący! Szanowni Państwo! Myślę, że wszyscy w tej izbie zgadzamy się, że nie będzie bezpiecznej, stabilnej Europy bez bezpiecznych i stabilnych państw regionu Bałkanów Zachodnich. Stąd też Polska aktywnie wspiera europejskie aspiracje tychże państw i dlatego wyrażamy bezwzględne poparcie dla jedności Bośni i Hercegowiny. Poważny kryzys polityczny, z którym Bośnia i Hercegowina zmaga się od jesieni 2021 roku, uniemożliwia dalsze postępy w procesie reform, w szczególności realizację wszystkich 14 priorytetów określonych przez Komisję jako warunek do rozpoczęcia negocjacji z tym krajem.

Polska podkreśla potrzebę przeprowadzenia wyborów powszechnych zgodnie z planem w październiku bieżącego roku. Wspieramy działalność oraz pełną realizację mandatu misji EUFOR Althea. Popieramy decyzje o jej wzmocnieniu i obecności w Bośni i Hercegowinie. Mamy nadzieję, że rezolucja ONZ przyznająca mandat operacji EUFOR Althea zostanie odnowiona przed jej wygaśnięciem w listopadzie bieżącego roku. Chciałbym tutaj odnieść się do wystąpienia mojego przedmówcy: w pełni zgadzam się, że nie będzie stabilnych Bałkanów, nie będzie stabilnej Bośni i Hercegowiny, jeżeli nie będzie wzajemnej i pełnej współpracy między trzema narodami stanowiącymi dzisiaj to państwo.

  Karlo Ressler (PPE). – Poštovani predsjedavajući, neki od kolega u ovoj današnjoj raspravi posprdno se odnose prema Ustavu države o kojoj razgovaramo, prema Ustavu Bosne i Hercegovine nazivajući temeljne postavke tog dokumenta, koji je zaustavio krvavi rat u Bosni i Hercegovini 1995. godine, nekakvim plemenskim sustavom, nekakvim etničkim sustavom koji bismo trebali nadići i zamijeniti s nekakvim svijetom fantazije, svijetom u kojem će se izgubiti ti etniciteti koji postoje, u kojem se neće uvažavati prava tri konstitutivna naroda. I to je pogrešno.

To je potpuno pogrešno jer ohrabruje takve tendencije koje su dosta često u Bosni i Hercegovini samo prikrivene, tendencije najvećeg bošnjačkog naroda u kojem sudjeluje na način preglasavanja, nadglasavanja i izbornog inženjeringa. To nije nešto što je europski koncept.

Europa poznaje nešto sasvim drugo - supsidijarnost koja postoji i u institucijama europske unije, jer je to realnost. To je danas realnost i Europske unije, ali je to i realnost Bosne i Hercegovine.

  Ангел Джамбазки (ECR). – Г-н Председател, уважаеми колеги, с огромно съжаление трябва да се каже и да се отбележи, че този доклад е слаб. Този доклад е слаб, защото прикрива фактите на терен, на място. Той не разкрива обстоятелствата такива, каквито са, а те са следните: хърватската общност в Босна и Херцеговина няма гарантирани своите права на представителство. Хърватските интереси в Босна и Херцеговина не са гарантирани и те са застрашени, те са нарушени. Разрушено е равновесието между трите етнически общности.

И този доклад, вместо да покаже нещата такива, каквито са, си служи, както обикновено с хубави, но празни приказки, с клишета, с пожелания и с прочие алабализми, които целят да представят една захаросана картина, която обаче не е вярна. За да има стабилност в Босна и Херцеговина, хърватската общност трябва да бъде представена равнопоставено, да бъде защитена равнопоставено. Всичко друго е в услуга на Белград и на Кремъл.

(Brīvā mikrofona uzstāšanās beigas.)

  Janez Lenarčič, Member of the Commission. – Mr President, many thanks for this debate. Calls were made concerning the candidate status for Bosnia and Herzegovina. Let me underline that the Commission will recommend Bosnia Herzegovina for candidate status. The Commission will make such a recommendation to the EU Council once a substantial set of reforms will have been implemented in line with the 14 key priorities that are set out in the Commission’s opinion, following which, as we know, the Council decides unanimously on granting candidate status.

Concerning the rights of constituent peoples of Bosnia and Herzegovina, I would like to underline that EU law explicitly forbids ethnic discrimination. Collective rights can be made compatible with respect for individual rights, but all power-sharing arrangements that result in discrimination need to be revised as European standards have to be respected. Bosnia and Herzegovina needs to remove from its Constitution all ethnic and residence-based discrimination in the election of the Presidency and the House of Peoples, as highlighted in the jurisprudence of the Court of Strasbourg.

The 2019 Commission opinion provides a detailed screening on what needs to be done. Solutions should be in line with the EU’s values and standards and should not lead to further divisions.

The upcoming 2022 enlargement package will be the occasion to take stock of our relations with Bosnia and Herzegovina. We expect to see concrete reforms on the 14 key priorities set out in the Commission’s opinion. Only by delivering on a substantial set of reforms will Bosnia and Herzegovina demonstrate that it can advance on its EU path.

Let me conclude by noting that next week we will commemorate the 27th anniversary of the genocide in Srebrenica. With our work in support of the European future for Bosnia and Herzegovina we are also paying tribute to all the persons who perished in the war and in that genocide and to all survivors. It is also for this reason that the Commission will continue supporting Bosnia and Herzegovina.

  Michael Gahler, stellvertretender Berichterstatter. – Herr Präsident! Ich werde dem Berichterstatter Paulo Rangel mitteilen, dass die Debatte hier den erwarteten Verlauf genommen hat. Und das heißt, dass wir, denke ich, hier als Plenum in der großen Mehrheit den Ansatz unterstützen, der hier auch von Kommissar Lenarčič zum Ausdruck gebracht worden ist, nämlich, dass es noch einiger Arbeit bedarf seitens der Zuständigen in Bosnien-Herzegowina, bevor sie diesen Kandidatenstatus erlangen.

Interessant ist ja, dass man feststellt: Es gibt die 14 Punkte, aber es wird gar nicht verlangt, dass man sie alle erfüllt haben muss, sondern einen substanziellen Teil davon. Und ich denke, dass man – wie das immer der Fall ist – dann, wenn man bei den Betreffenden Kompromissbereitschaft findet, wenn man legitime Anliegen vorbringt und gleichzeitig auch auf der anderen Seite Angebote annimmt, zu Kompromissen kommen kann. Ich denke, wenn auf der einen Seite das Wahlrecht im Sinne der Wünsche der kroatischen Bürger verändert wird, dann auf der anderen Seite vielleicht der Umfang des Vetorechts im House of Peoples auf die tatsächlich essenziellen Punkte reduziert werden könnte – wenn das ein do ut des sein könnte –, dann kann man da vorankommen.

Ich denke, wir sind alle dafür, dass es keine Diskriminierung gibt. Wir sind alle dafür, dass alle Bürger sich in dem gesamten Land zu Hause fühlen. Und wir sind alle dafür, dass dieses Land beisammen bleibt. Deswegen müssen wir denjenigen, die dieses Land auseinandertreiben wollen – und da ist in erster Linie Herr Dodik zu nennen –, sagen, dass damit Schluss sein muss und dass damit eben kein zukünftiger Weg beschritten werden kann. Ich denke, wenn Kompromissbereitschaft und Druck von unserer Seite in angemessenem Umfang kommt, können wir auch vorankommen. Ich wünsche mir das – im Interesse der Bürger in Bosnien-Herzegowina.

  President. – The debate on this issue is closed. The vote will take place tomorrow.