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Procedure : 2024/2505(RSP)
Document stages in plenary
Select a document :

Texts tabled :

RC-B9-0063/2024

Debates :

PV 17/01/2024 - 21.2
CRE 17/01/2024 - 21.2

Votes :

PV 18/01/2024 - 7.2

Texts adopted :

P9_TA(2024)0038

Verbatim report of proceedings
XML 24k
Wednesday, 17 January 2024 - Strasbourg

21.2. The threat of famine following the spread of conflict in Sudan
Video of the speeches
Minutes
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  Puhemies. – Esityslistalla on seuraavana keskustelu nälänhädän uhasta konfliktin levittyä Sudanissa (2024/2505(RSP)).

 
  
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  Carina Ohlsson, författare. – Över sju och en halv miljon människor är på flykt i Sudan. Det är nu den största folkfördrivningen i världen. Fem miljoner drabbas av akut hunger, och de långdragna konflikterna har lett till den högsta andelen undernärda barn i världen. Det mänskliga lidandet i Sudan får inte glömmas bort när strålkastarljuset riktas mot andra krig och konflikter.

De mänskliga tragedierna ska inte ställas mot varandra. När krigsbrott sätts i system av hänsynslösa krigsherrar och arméer slås den mänskliga värdigheten i spillror, och människor förlorar motståndskraft mot ytterligare övergrepp. Det är ett hänsynslöst, omänskligt och cyniskt vapen i krig. Det är alltid den vanliga människan som drabbas hårdast.

Vi vet också att de sexuella övergreppen ökar i det här området. Det är hög tid för EU och det internationella samfundet att axla ansvaret för global fred och säkerhet. Världen behöver, nu mer än någonsin, en ny fredsrörelse.

 
  
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  María Soraya Rodríguez Ramos, autora. – Señora presidenta, las proporciones de la situación humanitaria en Sudán son dramáticas y alarmantes. Es por eso que hoy, en esta Resolución, recordamos que más de 18 millones de personas están en una situación de inseguridad alimentaria en Sudán y, de entre ellas, 5 millones están en una situación de alarma. Más de 7,5 millones de personas se han visto forzadas a abandonar sus hogares huyendo de la violencia y del conflicto. Estamos ante la crisis de desplazamiento forzoso infantil más grande del mundo.

Hoy reclamamos en esta Resolución a las partes en conflicto que deben respetar a los civiles, que deben respetar el derecho humanitario y que debe cesar la violencia contra los trabajadores humanitarios. Pedimos a la Comisión que aumente la financiación de emergencia para atender la crítica situación humanitaria de Sudán y hacemos un llamamiento también a establecer sanciones contra los responsables de los ataques a la población civil.

 
  
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  Pierrette Herzberger-Fofana, autrice. – Madame la Présidente, plus de 14 millions de Soudanais et de Soudanaises vivent dans l'insécurité alimentaire d'urgence suite au conflit qui ravage ce pays depuis des années. Selon les dernières estimations, plus de 6 millions sont menacés de famine, soit la moitié de la population. Le pays a sombré dans un marasme économique ahurissant et les communautés s'effondrent. La situation de la sécurité alimentaire au Soudan était déjà désastreuse avant le conflit. Elle a tout simplement empiré.

Au Soudan, le conflit a exacerbé un paysage de la faim déjà déplorable, alimenté par la violence intercommunautaire, la crise économique, la flambée des prix de denrées alimentaires de base et le changement climatique. Malgré le retour de la paix, la malnutrition reste un problème obsédant pour les populations. Elle touche surtout les femmes et les enfants.

Nous devons donc renforcer l'aide humanitaire en veillant à ce qu'elle atteigne les couches les plus vulnérables. L'Union européenne dispose d'outils nécessaires pour exercer une influence diplomatique et mobiliser des ressources qui soient une lueur d'espoir pour ceux qui crient famine au Soudan.

 
  
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  Anna Fotyga, author. – Madam President, despite the efforts of the international community, the agreement between the World Bank and the World Food Programme helping millions of Sudanese affected by the ongoing crisis and dire humanitarian situation, we face even worse prospects.

The World Food Programme is ringing alarm bells concerning the upcoming lean period for crops and the worsening of the situation in Sudan. We have to increase our diplomatic efforts in order to bring parties to the conflict to the negotiating table, and in particular to impose a ceasefire there.

 
  
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  Miguel Urbán Crespo, autor. – Señora presidenta, la verdad es que hay guerras que no son de primera división y víctimas que no salen en la televisión. Desgraciadamente, este es el caso de Sudán. Las cifras hablan por sí solas: siete millones y medio de personas desplazadas forzosamente en lo que es la mayor crisis de desplazamiento mundial y dieciocho millones de personas en riesgo de hambruna. Este horror ha sido respondido con una diplomacia irresponsable, declaraciones ineficaces y una respuesta anémica a los llamamientos humanitarios. De hecho, solo un tercio del pedido de Naciones Unidas se ha financiado.

Es urgente un cese al fuego y un acceso a la ayuda humanitaria sin condiciones; cumplir un embargo de armas —como reclama Naciones Unidas— y hacerlo extensible a todo el país, y que Europa abra vías legales y seguras para garantizar que los sudaneses que lo deseen puedan buscar protección internacional en Europa.

El pueblo sudanés merece mucho más que ser un conflicto olvidado o una crisis humanitaria. El pueblo sudanés se merece vivir en libertad y en paz.

 
  
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  Stanislav Polčák, za skupinu PPE. – Paní předsedající, situace v Súdánu je skutečně katastrofální. Strany konflikty v Súdánu pokračují v boji o kontrolu nad státem a jeho zdroji a nedodržují ani své prohlášení z Džiddy. Téměř 6 milionů osob vysídlených činí Súdán nejvysídlenější zemí na světě. Dále je důležité sdělit, že téměř polovina súdánské populace potřebuje humanitární pomoc a ochranu. 37 % súdánského obyvatelstva čelí hladu, takže je určitě dnes naší povinností vyzvat všechny strany konfliktu, aby okamžitě ukončily nepřátelství, usnadnily přístup k humanitární pomoci a aby hledaly řešení tohoto konfliktu. My jsme dnes schvalovali zprávu o úloze preventivní diplomacie Evropské unie při řešení přetrvávajících konfliktů po celém světě. Myslím si, že toto je přesně ten příklad, kdy naše diplomacie může udělat víc – já k tomu vyzývám i pana komisaře – a přimět tyto strany konfliktu k řešení této situace.

 
  
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  Carlos Zorrinho, em nome do Grupo S&D. – Senhora Presidente, Senhor Comissário, a implosão do acordo de transição para a democracia no Sudão, que tinha como principais garantes as forças armadas do Sudão e as forças de resposta rápida, gerou um conflito armado em larga escala. A violência extrema conduziu a uma catástrofe humanitária, que, não sendo uma crise esquecida, tem, no entanto, sido ofuscada por outras crises mais mediatizadas, como a invasão da Ucrânia ou o conflito na Faixa de Gaza.

Não obstante o extraordinário trabalho, realizado sob alto risco, das organizações internacionais e o apoio da comunidade internacional e, em particular, da União Europeia, a situação no terreno é de enorme sofrimento e privação. 20 milhões de pessoas em insegurança alimentar extrema, quase 6 milhões de deslocados, 12 000 vidas perdidas exigem uma ação imediata.

Apelo ao cessar das hostilidades e à mobilização de todos, para que seja possível retomar as negociações de paz. Apelo ao reforço da ajuda humanitária – em particular da União Europeia e dos Estados—Membros – e do apoio às organizações que, no terreno, a continuam a assegurar.

Finalmente, apelo a que sejam sancionados os responsáveis e os que se aproveitam da situação para negócios ilícitos e para quebrar o embargo de armas das Nações Unidas no Darfur.

 
  
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  Fabio Massimo Castaldo (NI). – Signora Presidente, signor Commissario, onorevoli colleghi, nove mesi di lotta fratricida hanno reso il Sudan il paese con il più alto numero di rifugiati interni al mondo, causando una crisi alimentare terrificante e 7 milioni e mezzo di rifugiati.

La nostra Unione deve incrementare certamente il supporto umanitario ma non basta, perché il problema in realtà è un altro: dobbiamo fare in modo che le organizzazioni internazionali, ormai praticamente tutte costrette ad evacuare il proprio personale, possano tornare per garantire sul terreno la distribuzione di qualsivoglia aiuto umanitario in condizioni di sicurezza.

È necessario, quindi, trovare una mediazione tra le parti in conflitto, anche minacciando sanzioni molto pesanti nei confronti di chi si sta macchiando di crimini di guerra e contro l'umanità, ponendo però come prima e imprescindibile condizione proprio il rispetto del diritto internazionale umanitario.

Ieri, purtroppo, è sfumata la possibilità che l'Unione africana potesse essere un honest broker. Ora dobbiamo trovare velocemente un'alternativa credibile; possiamo e dobbiamo attivarci con tutti i nostri strumenti diplomatici e il nostro peso politico per svolgere il ruolo di protagonisti.

Chiedo, però, quindi che questo tavolo negoziale con i partner regionali sia rapido e che fermi velocemente questa barbarie, senza scegliere il classico modello del "throw money at the problem", perché questo non basterà a risolvere il problema, né a lavare le nostre coscienze.

Il tempo scorre sin troppo veloce, non possiamo permetterci di perderne altro.

 
  
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  Hannes Heide (S&D). – Madam President, (start of speech off mic) ... 20 million people, almost half of Sudan’s population, are affected by life-threatening food insecurity.

 

After nine months, the violent conflict claimed around 12 000 lives and displaced 5.8 million people. Already before the outbreak of the conflict, Sudan was facing a humanitarian crisis due to extreme weather shocks, social and political unrest and rising food prices that continued to drive poverty, hunger and displacement. Many thanks to the European Commission for mobilising EUR 126.4 million in humanitarian aid for the people of Sudan in 2023.

 

In view of the ongoing emergency situation, the EU and the Member States must increase emergency funding for the humanitarian aid and the refugee camps, and increase aid throughout West Darfur and neighbouring countries. The EU has to impose sanctions on those responsible for serious human rights violations. We also have to call on the United Nations Security Council to sanction violations of the UN arms embargo on Darfur, and to expand it throughout the country. We finally must ensure that the peace agreement can be reached, so that innocent civilians in Sudan are able to live in freedom, peace and security.

 
  
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  Evin Incir (S&D). – Fru talman! Kollegor! För varje dag som går dödas och fördrivs civila i Sudan. Konflikter mellan sudanesiska armén (SAF) och den paramilitära gruppen Rapid Support Forces (RSF) har lett till en enorm humanitär kris med livshotande och akut matosäkerhet som konsekvens. Det påverkar nästan halva befolkningen, och nästan sju miljoner är flyktingar i sitt eget land. Situationen är alarmerande till den grad att humanitärt stöd inte ens når de som befinner sig i konfliktområden.

Och som vanligt är det kvinnor och barn som drabbas mest och värst. Som i många andra konflikter ser vi hur sexuellt våld mot kvinnor används. Det som sker just nu i Sudan är hjärtskärande och helt oacceptabelt. Alla involverade måste omedelbart lägga ned vapnen och tillåta humanitärt stöd så att den når befolkningen i alla delar av landet. Mot de som ligger bakom människorättskränkningarna måste sanktioner antas. Aldrig någonsin och någonstans kan vi acceptera straffrihet för de som ligger bakom avskyvärda brott mot mänskliga fri- och rättigheter.

 
  
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  Nicolas Schmit, Member of the Commission. – Madam President, the humanitarian situation in Sudan has gone from bad to catastrophic. The EU reiterates its strong condemnation of the continuous fighting between the Sudanese Armed Forces and the Rapid Support Forces and their respective affiliated militias.

Since the eruption of the conflict, the EU has been working with international partners and neighbouring countries in order to end the conflict. The EU encourages both warring parties to resolve their disputes via dialogue in an inclusive way, and strongly commit to a full cessation of hostilities so as to build a space for a durable peace solution in Sudan.

In this regard, the EU supports the efforts of the Intergovernmental Authority for Development to secure an unconditional ceasefire and a resolution of the conflict in Sudan through political dialogue. We deplore the fact that, over a month since the 41st Extraordinary Assembly in Djibouti, neither the Sudanese Armed Forces nor the Rapid Support Forces have honoured any of the commitments they made there, while the suffering of the Sudanese people continues unabated.

We are deeply concerned about the dire humanitarian situation in the country. Hence, today’s debate is a timely opportunity to discuss the threat of famine caused also by the expansion of conflict and violence into the agricultural regions of Sudan. In addition to the largest internal displacement crisis in the world, with over 7 million people displaced within the country – including over 5 million displaced as a result of the conflict – the Sudanese population now faces a severe nutrition crisis, with the highest rate of child malnutrition in the world.

The World Food Programme estimates that 17.7 million people will be in high levels of acute food insecurity, including close to 5 million in emergency. Under peaceful conditions, a significant number of Sudanese would be harvesting and cultivating winter wheat now, so they could provide for their households and families and support national food availability as a whole. For almost ten months of intensifying conflict and inter-communal violence, agricultural activity has been hindered, farmers cannot import, and face limited supplies at local markets, while pastoralists are unable to access grazing areas due to insecurity.

Since the start of the war, the EU has stepped up its efforts to mitigate the humanitarian crisis in Sudan and the region with the additional funding of EUR 60 million. Overall, the US allocated over EUR 128 million in 2023 to its humanitarian response in Sudan. EU humanitarian aid provides communities with health and nutritional care, food assistance, water and sanitation, and shelter, and also contributes to the nutritional treatment and care of children under the age of five and pregnant or breastfeeding women across Sudan.

We are also working together with partners to promote safe access to humanitarian aid and the protection of civilians. The EU and its Member States’ contributions represent a third of the total international response. However, this is far from enough. The situation in Sudan has become resource-demanding since the impact of the conflict is constantly increasing and the risk of famine is rising.

Honourable Members, rest assured that we remain committed to the people of Sudan. This year, the EU plans to continue supporting the population trapped in the worst conflict-affected areas, and those living in displacement hotspots, with the necessary humanitarian assistance.

 
  
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  Puhemies. – Keskustelu on päättynyt.

Äänestys toimitetaan huomenna torstaina 18. tammikuuta 2024.

 
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