The tables below show basic statistical data in several areas relating to the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP), namely: the agriculture and food industries in the Member States (Table II), the integration of environmental concerns into the CAP (Table III), the forestry sector (Table IV), CAP financing and expenditure (Tables I and V) and trade in agricultural and food products (Table VI).
| Commitment appropriations (EUR million at 2011 constant prices) |
2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | Total 2014-2020 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A. Total multiannual commitment appropriations (EU-28) |
134 318 (100%) |
135 328 (100%) |
136 050 (100%) |
137 100 (100%) |
137 866 (100%) |
139 078 (100%) |
140 242 (100%) |
959 988 (100%) |
| As a percentage of GNI (EU-28) |
1.03% | 1.02% | 1.00% | 1.00% | 0.99% | 0.98% | 0.98% | 1.00% |
| B. CAP — Pillar 1 (EAGF) | 41 585 (30.9%) |
40 989 | 40 421 | 39 837 | 39 079 | 38 335 | 37 605 (26.8%) |
277 851 (28.9%) |
| Of which: B.1. Direct payments | 39 715 (29.1%) | 39 139 | 38 580 | 38 007 | 37 265 | 36 566 | 35 881 (25.6%) | 265 153 (27.6%) |
| Of which: B.2. Market-related expenditure | 2 503 (1.8%) | 2 471 | 2 449 | 2 427 | 2 399 | 2 342 | 2 286 (1.6%) | 16 879 (1.7%) |
| Of which: B.3. Assigned revenue | -633 | -621 | -609 | -597 | -585 | -574 | -562 | -4 181 |
| C. CAP — Rural development (EAFRD) |
12 865 (9.6%) |
12 613 | 12 366 | 12 124 | 11 887 | 11 654 | 11 426 (8.1%) |
84 936 (8.8%) |
| D. TOTAL CAP (Pillars 1 and 2) (B + C) |
54 450 (40.5%) |
53 602 | 52 787 | 51 961 | 50 966 | 49 989 | 49 031 (34.9%) |
362 787 (37.8%) |
| Appropriations as a percentage of GNI (EU-28) |
0.41% | 0.40% | 0.38% | 0.38% | 0.36% | 0.35% | 0.34% | 0.37% |
Source: European Commission (based on Council Regulation (EU, Euratom) No 1311/2013 of 2 December 2013 (OJ L 347, 20.12.2013, p. 884), as well as on the political agreement reached in June 2013 by Parliament, the Council and the Commission (vote in Parliament on 20 November 2013 — resolution P7_TA(2013)0455)).
Note: Technical adjustments of the original amounts are excluded: see COM(2017)0220 of 24.5.2017 for the technical adjustment of the MFF for 2018.
| Utilised agri-cultural area (UAA) (1 000 ha) |
No of farms (1 000 farms) |
UAA per farm (ha) |
Employment in agriculture (1 000 persons) |
Total agricultural output (million EUR) |
Share of primary sector of GVA/GDP (%) |
Factor income per annual work unit (EUR/AWU) |
Employment in the food industry (1 000 persons) |
Share of food industry in GVA (%) |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2017 | 2016 | 2016 | 2017 | 2016 | 2016 | 2017 | 2016 | 2012 | |
| BE | 1 329 | 36.8 | 36.7 | 51.4 | 7 990 | 0.7 | 33 617 | 119.7 | 2.0 |
| BG | 5 030 | 202.7 | 22.0 | 186.6 | 4 004 | 4.71 | 8 965 | 109.0 | 3.8 |
| CZ | 3 521 | 26.5 | 130.2 | 113.3 | 4 918 | 2.5 | 19 840 | 130.5 | 2.4 |
| DK | 2 631 | 35.0 | 74.6 | 56.7 | 9 733 | 1.1 | 43 461 | 60.3 | 1.4 |
| DE | 16 687 | 276.1 | 60.5 | 490.3 | 52 940 | 0.6 | 33 443 | 913.2 | (2011) 1.7 |
| EE | 1 002 | 16.7 | 59.6 | 17.1 | 750 | 2.6 | 13 353 | 14.0 | 2.0 |
| EL | 5 151 | 684.90 | 6.6 | 437.8 | 10 398 | 4.0 | 15 070 | 128.5 | (2011) 3.2 |
| ES | 23 841 | 945.0 | 24.6 | 749.7 | 46 807 | 2.8 | 32 459 | 482.4 | (2011) 2.7 |
| FR | 29 101 | 456.5 | 60.9 | 646.1 | 70 350 | 1.6 | 32 272 | 648.8 | 1.9 |
| IE | 4 470 | 137.6 | 35.5 | 104.3 | 7 420 | 1.0 | 22 783 | 56.6 | 4.7 |
| IT | 12 843 | 1 145.7 | 11.0 | 797.8 | 53 407 | 2.1 | 19 579 | 493.7 | 1.9 |
| CY | 123 | 34.9 | 3.2 | 8.7 | 686 | 2.1 | 16 459 | 9.5 | 2.0 |
| HR | 1 497 | 134.5 | 11.6 | 92.2 | 2 184 | 4.1 | 5 961 | 62.8 | — |
| LV | 1 932 | 69.9 | 27.6 | 45.7 | 1 316 | 3.9 | 6 269 | 27.9 | (2010) 2.4 |
| LT | 2 935 | 150.3 | 19.5 | 90.9 | 2 835 | 3.3 | 6 413 | 38.7 | 4.6 |
| LU | 131 | 1.9 | 66.3 | 3.1 | 413 | 0.3 | 23 082 | 1.3 | 0.7 |
| HU | 5 352 | 430.0 | 10.9 | 197.3 | 8 309 | 4.4 | 8 715 | 141.5 | 2.2 |
| MT | 11 | 9.2 | 1.2 | 1.5 | 126 | 1.4 | 9 913 | 4.6 | 1.7 |
| NL | 1 790 | 55.7 | 32.3 | 171.1 | 27 020 | 1.8 | 54 576 | 141.0 | 2.8 |
| AT | 2 656 | 132.5 | 20.1 | 157.2 | 6 810 | 1.2 | 19 628 | 82.9 | 1.9 |
| PL | 14 498 | 1 410.7 | 10.2 | 1 574.2 | 22 411 | 2.7 | 6 965 | 542.1 | (2011) 2.9 |
| PT | 3 603 | 259.0 | 14.1 | 278.6 | 6 941 | 2.2 | 10 902 | 103.4 | (2011) 2.2 |
| RO | 13 378 | 3 422.0 | 3.7 | 1 925.2 | 15 444 | 4.3 | 4 380 | 216.1 | (2011) 6.1 |
| SI | 481 | 69.9 | 7.0 | 49.4 | 1 211 | 2.2 | 5 072 | 17.0 | 1.5 |
| SK | 1 911 | 25.7 | 73.6 | 48.5 | 2 391 | 3.7 | 19 212 | 54.4 | 1.7 |
| FI | 2 272 | 49.7 | 44.9 | 70.8 | 4 314 | 2.7 | 19 736 | 36.8 | 1.6 |
| SE | 3 011 | 62.9 | 47.9 | 60.8 | 5 959 | 1.3 | 27 785 | 46.3 | 1.3 |
| UK | 17 360 | 185.1 | 90.1 | 329.4 | 27 925 | 0.6 | 36 365 | 416.2 | (2011) 1.6 |
| EU- 28 | 178 548 | 10 467.7 | 16.6 | 8 756.0 | 405 008 | 1.5 | 17 304 | 5 116.6 | 2.0 (EU-27) |
Sources: Eurostat, ‘Agriculture, forestry and fishery statistics’, 2017 Edition; European Commission, ‘CAP Context Indicators 2014-2020, 2018 update’.
| Share of UAA classed as Natura 2000 area (%) |
Territory classed as nitrate vulnerable zone (NVZ) (%) |
Farming intensity (Euro per ha UAA in constant input prices) | Share of UAA under organic farming (%) |
Share of agriculture in production of renewable energy (%) |
Share of forestry in production of renewable energy (%) |
Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from agricultural soils (1 000 t CO2 equivalent) and share of total (%) |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2016 | 2012 | 2016 | 2017 | 2016 | 2016 | 2016 | |
| BE | 7.2 | 76.2 | 1 322 | 6.3 | 27.2 | 42.1 | 10 582 (8.8%) |
| BG | 22.4 | 34.6 | 201 | 2.7 | 2.3 | 58.3 | 5 603 (10.4%) |
| CZ | 6.6 | 41.6 | 303 | 14.1 | 17.9 | 69.4 | 7 604 (6.0%) |
| DK | 4.7 | 100.0 | 803 | 8.6 | 3.0 | 45.5 | 14 773 (26.2%) |
| DE | 10.6 | 100.0 | 632 | 6.8 | 26.6 | 30.8 | 98 556 (10.8%) |
| EE | 5.7 | 7.2 | 113 | 19.6 | 0.0 | 95.6 | 1 948 (11.4%) |
| EL | 18.7 | 24.3 | 363 | 8.0 | 5.4 | 31.7 | 6 324 (6.7%) |
| ES | 16.8 | 16.2 | 280 | 8.7 | 6.8 | 30.0 | 30 774 (10.5%) |
| FR | 8.3 | 45.5 | 454 | 6.0 | 9.9 | 46.4 | 82 927 (18.8%) |
| IE | 3.7 | 100.0 | 344 | 1.7 | 3.2 | 23.3 | 25 793 (38.1%) |
| IT | 10.8 | 12.6 | 509 | 14.9 | 8.7 | 30.4 | 25 839 (6.2%) |
| CY | 6.1 | 5.3 | 972 | 4.6 | 9.4 | 7.4 | 206 (2.3%) |
| HR | 25.7 | n.a. | 339 | 6.5 | 1.9 | 67.1 | 2 955 (15.3%) |
| LV | 6.6 | 12.8 | 139 | 13.9 | 5.9 | 85.2 | 5 958 (56.1%) |
| LT | 4.6 | 100.0 | 128 | 8.0 | 7.3 | 80.1 | 6 344 (51.6%) |
| LU | 21.1 | 100.0 | 458 | 4.2 | 14.1 | 50.6 | 740 (7.7%) |
| HU | 14.7 | 56.2 | 232 | 3.7 | 13.5 | 75.1 | 6 587 (11.2%) |
| MT | 7.9 | 100.0 | 4 581 | 0.4 | 7.8 | 0.0 | 66 (3.1%) |
| NL | 4.3 | 100.0 | 2 213 | 3.1 | 35.0 | 29.0 | 26 110 (12.8%) |
| AT | 11.5 | 100.0 | 395 | 23.4 | 7.0 | 48.1 | 7 589 (9.8%) |
| PL | 11.5 | 4.5 | 244 | 3.4 | 10.3 | 71.1 | 28 785 (7.6%) |
| PT | 18.1 | 3.7 | 271 | 7.0 | 4.3 | 44.7 | 7 392 (11.3%) |
| RO | 12.7 | 57.8 | 194 | 1.9 | 2.7 | 58.7 | 16 098 (17.8%) |
| SI | 23.2 | 100.0 | 280 | 9.6 | 2.2 | 55.1 | 1 673 (12.8%) |
| SK | 16.0 | 29.8 | 161 | 9.9 | 18.5 | 52.1 | 1 267 (3.6%) |
| FI | 1.2 | 100.0 | 403 | 11.4 | 4.3 | 79.0 | 14 105 (42.6%) |
| SE | 4.1 | 19.8 | 343 | 19.2 | 1.2 | 54.1 | 10 438 (95.8%) |
| UK | 2.5 | 43.6 | 336 | 2.9 | 9.8 | 30.9 | 43 060 (8.9%) |
| EU-28 | 11.0 | 45.3 (EU-27) | 396.6 | 7.0 | 11.7 | 44.7 | 490 098 (11.9%) |
Source: European Commission, ‘CAP Context Indicators 2014-2020, 2018 update’.
| Member State EU-28 |
Forests[1] (1 000 ha, 2015) |
Other wooded land[2] (1 000 ha, 2015) |
Other land (1 000 ha, 2015) |
Ownership of forest: % of Public forests (2015) |
Forest and other wooded land per inhabitant (ha, 2015) |
Volume of total roundwood removals (1 000 m³, 2010) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Austria | 3 869 | 153 | 4 221.5 | 25.8 | 0.47 | 17 550 |
| Belgium | 683.4 | 35.7 | 2 308.7 | 46.5 | 0.06 | — |
| Bulgaria | 3 823 | 22 | 7 011 | 87.9 | 0.53 | 6 372 |
| Croatia | 1 922 | 569 | 3 105 | 71.7 | 0.59 | 5 178 |
| Cyprus | 172.7 | 213.5 | 538 | 68.8 | 0.34 | 11 |
| Czech Republic | 2 667.4 | — | 5 054.2 | 76.6 | 0.25 | 16 183 |
| Denmark | 612.2 | 45.5 | 3 585.3 | 23.7 | 0.12 | 3 180 |
| Estonia | 2 232 | 223.6 | 2 067.2 | 41.3 | 1.85 | 7 736 |
| Finland | 22 218 | 801 | 7 370 | 30.4 | 4.23 | 59 411 |
| France | 16 989 | 590 | 37 187 | 24.7 | 0.27 | 51 005 |
| Germany | 11 419 | — | 23 442 | 52 | 0.14 | 55 613 |
| Greece | 3 903 | 2 636 | 6 351 | 77.5 | 0.59 | 1 217 |
| Hungary | 2 069.1 | 121.3 | 7 113.2 | 57.6 | 0.22 | — |
| Ireland | 754 | 47.2 | 6 087.8 | 53.2 | 0.17 | 2 908 |
| Italy | 9 297 | 1 813 | 18 304 | 33.6 | 0.19 | — |
| Latvia | 3 356 | 112 | 2 750 | 52.3 | 1.72 | 12 294 |
| Lithuania | 2 180 | 104 | 3 983.5 | 61.4 | 0.77 | 6 414 |
| Luxembourg | 86.8 | 1.4 | 170.9 | 47.1 | 0.16 | 381 |
| Malta | 0.3 | — | 31.7 | — | — | — |
| The Netherlands | 376 | — | 2 999 | 48.5 | 0.02 | 1 173 |
| Poland | 9 435 | — | 21 187 | 81.9 | 0.24 | 41 375 |
| Portugal | 3 182.1 | 1 725.1 | 4 118.3 | 3 | 0.47 | 11 533 |
| Romania | 6 861 | 90 | 16 051 | 67 | 0.35 | 15 315 |
| Slovakia | 1 940 | — | 2 870 | 50.2 | 0.36 | 8 995 |
| Slovenia | 1 248 | 23 | 743 | 25.3 | 0.62 | 5 054 |
| Spain | 18 417.9 | 9 208.8 | 22 253.3 | 29.2 | 0.59 | 16 719 |
| Sweden | 28 073 | 2 432 | 10 528 | 24.3 | 3.18 | 74 300 |
| United Kingdom | 3 144 | 20 | 21 029 | 28.4 | 0.05 | 10 550 |
| EU-28 | 161082 | 20836 | 242 461 | 39.7 | 0.36 | 446 819 |
Source: Eurostat
| 1. Distribution by Member State Direct Aids/Markets and other measures 2017 / Rural Development 2017 (EUR million) |
2. Percentage of farms benefiting from direct aids under the EAGF (2016) |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member State |
a. Direct aids EU-28 (1st pillar — EAGF) |
b. Total 1st pillar — EAGF EU-28 (incl. (a.)) |
c. Total EAFRD EU-27 (2nd pillar) |
(b+c) % of total EU | d. With aid ≤ EUR 5 000 | e. With aid ≤ EUR 20 000 | f. With aid ≥ EUR 50 000 |
| BE | 508.6 | 592.8 | 371.1 | 1.1 | 33.62 | 73.00 | 4.38 |
| BG | 774.1 | 811.6 | 194.5 | 1.8 | 70.00 | 91.20 | 4.26 |
| HR | 198.9 | 209.3 | 150.2 | 0.6 | 93.19 | 99.22 | 0.17 |
| CZ | 837.5 | 865.3 | 259.3 | 2.0 | 58.96 | 81.26 | 10.24 |
| DK | 844.3 | 865.5 | 99.9 | 1.7 | 47.81 | 72.72 | 12.82 |
| DE | 4 846.6 | 5 048.3 | 951.0 | 10.8 | 44.06 | 80.43 | 4.41 |
| EE | 113.9 | 124.4 | 99.4 | 0.4 | 81.21 | 92.97 | 2.69 |
| EL | 2 021.5 | 2 111.6 | 708.0 | 5.1 | 83.05 | 98.21 | 0.15 |
| ES | 5 063.9 | 5 619.7 | 702.7 | 11.4 | 74.05 | 92.29 | 1.68 |
| FR | 7 365.4 | 8 005.5 | 1 753.8 | 17.5 | 29.31 | 59.49 | 8.95 |
| IE | 1 208.3 | 1 232.2 | 254.6 | 2.7 | 44.27 | 88.65 | 1.35 |
| IT | 3 795.0 | 4 444.3 | 790.3 | 9.4 | 82.85 | 95.90 | 1.19 |
| CY | 49.7 | 57.0 | 14.6 | 0.1 | 94.48 | 98.94 | 0.18 |
| LV | 203.8 | 218.7 | 162.5 | 0.7 | 90.47 | 97.48 | 0.77 |
| LT | 437.2 | 449.9 | 254.0 | 1.3 | 87.89 | 97.73 | 0.51 |
| LU | 33.3 | 34.6 | 8.8 | 0.1 | 27.58 | 61.19 | 5.25 |
| HU | 1 257.6 | 1 312.4 | 196.6 | 2.7 | 79.14 | 93.26 | 2.46 |
| MT | 5.0 | 5.7 | 2.1 | 0.0 | 96.89 | 99.20 | 0.08 |
| NL | 734.7 | 822.0 | 57.6 | 1.6 | 32.48 | 71.52 | 4.04 |
| AT | 692.6 | 721.8 | 478.4 | 2.1 | 60.00 | 94.87 | 0.37 |
| PL | 3 354.8 | 3 482.8 | 573.6 | 7.3 | 88.52 | 99.06 | 0.23 |
| PT | 654.9 | 770.2 | 524.2 | 2.3 | 87.57 | 96.38 | 1.27 |
| RO | 1 690.7 | 1 828.4 | 1 569.2 | 6.1 | 95.78 | 98.77 | 0.47 |
| SI | 135.8 | 144.5 | 80.2 | 0.4 | 89.81 | 99.14 | 0.10 |
| SK | 432.1 | 443.8 | 167.9 | 1.1 | 75.36 | 86.62 | 8.50 |
| FI | 523.4 | 537.8 | 319.2 | 1.5 | 47.90 | 87.56 | 1.99 |
| SE | 685.7 | 707.1 | 104.3 | 1.5 | 60.06 | 84.08 | 4.60 |
| UK | 3 082.0 | 3 172.4 | 537.8 | 6.7 | 32.51 | 69.30 | 9.88 |
| EU-28 | 41 551.2 | 44 639.4 | 11 051.8 | 100.0 | 76.80 | 92.73 | 1.81 |
Sources: Columns (a) and (b): European Commission, 11th Financial Report on the European Agricultural Guarantee Fund — EAGF 2017. Column (b) does not include expenditure made directly by the Commission (EUR 63.9 million in 2016).
Column (c): European Commission, 11th Financial Report on the European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development — EAFRD 2017, Total payments made by Member State, Tables 10a (2007-2013 period) and 10b (2014-2020 period).
Columns (d), (e) and (f): European Commission, ‘Indicative Figures on the Distribution of Aid, by size-class of aid, received in the context of direct aid paid to the producers in accordance with Council Regulation (EC) No 1307/2013 — Financial Year 2016’.
| EXTRA-EU28 TRADE | A. Imports (EUR million) |
% of row 2 | B. Exports (EUR million) |
% of row 2 | Balance (B-A) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. All trade | 1 855 907 | — | 1 878 779 | — | 22 872 |
| 2. Agricultural-food trade | 117 466 | 100 | 138 059 | 100 | 20 593 |
| % agricultural-food trade (2/1) | 6.3% | — | 7.4% | — | 90.0% |
| Commodities / primary products | 81 526 | 69.4% | 47 588 | 34.4% | -33 938 |
| Processed (incl. wine) | 12 816 | 10.9% | 26 754 | 19.4% | 13 938 |
| Food preparations and beverages | 10 577 | 9.0% | 48 458 | 35.1% | 37 881 |
| Non-edible | 12 547 | 10.7% | 15 260 | 11.1% | 2 713 |
| COUNTRY | |||||
| Argentina | 5 688 | 4.8% | 285 | 0.2% | -5 403 |
| Brazil | 11 812 | 10.1% | 1 691 | 1.2% | -10 121 |
| China | 5 407 | 4.6% | 11 978 | 8.7% | 6 571 |
| India | 3 432 | 2.9% | 883 | 0.6% | -2 590 |
| Indonesia | 5 297 | 4.5% | 773 | 0.6% | -4 524 |
| Japan | 329 | 0.3% | 6 421 | 4.7% | 6 092 |
| Russia | 1 285 | 1.1% | 6 517 | 4.7% | 5 232 |
| Switzerland | 4 659 | 4.0% | 8 213 | 6.0% | 3 544 |
| Turkey | 4 493 | 3.8% | 3 677 | 2.7% | -816 |
| Ukraine | 5 499 | 3.6% | 1 815 | 1.2% | -3 684 |
| United States of America | 10 997 | 9.4% | 21 958 | 15.9% | 10 961 |
| SELECTED COUNTRIES | 56 151 | 50.1% | 64 211 | 46.5% | -5 313 |
Source: European Commission (DG AGRI), Agri-Food Trade Statistical Factsheet. EU — Extra EU-28, March 2018; Monitoring EU Agri-Food Trade: Developments until December 2016; Trade Statistics 2017 — DG AGRI (Trade picture files by country — Main EU partners).
Albert Massot