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Portugal is set to receive €21.9 billion in grants and loans from the Recovery and Resilience Facility (RRF), the EU response to the crisis triggered by the COVID 19 pandemic. This amount corresponds to 2.9 % of the entire RRF, or 10.2 % of Portugal's 2019 gross domestic product (GDP), and includes RRF grants (€15.5 billion), RRF loans (€5.6 billion), REPowerEU grants (€0.7 billion) and Portugal's share (€0.1 billion) from the Brexit Adjustment Reserve. This is the result of the latest revision of ...

Sweden's national recovery and resilience plan (NRRP) is financed under the EU Recovery and Resilience Facility (RRF). The NRRP's total volume is €3 445.7 million, financed entirely through EU grants. This amount reflects the downward revision of the national RRF envelope in June 2022, and includes €198 million in additional grants under the REPowerEU chapter, as well as a €66 million transfer from the Brexit Adjustment Reserve. The plan represents 0.4 % of the RRF and 0.7 % of the country's gross ...

Croatia's national recovery and resilience plan (NRRP) is an ambitious outline of reforms and investment designed to mitigate the pandemic's socioeconomic fallout and to address the consequences of the two devastating earthquakes of 2020. Following the December 2023 amendment of the Croatian NRRP, to which a REPowerEU chapter was added, the plan's worth reached €10 040.7 million (or 18.5 % of national gross domestic product (GDP) in 2019). The amended plan comes with a grant allocation of €5 779.4 ...

This briefing examines whether the Commission’s 16 July 2025 MFF package can credibly support social mainstreaming in the EU budget and a results-oriented approach aligned with the European Pillar of Social Rights (EPSR). It benchmarks the proposal against recent BUDG and CONT studies and briefings and flags gaps relevant for parliamentary oversight and legislative scrutiny. It argues that the proposed tracking logic conflates tagged spending and narrow delivery metrics with “results on the ground ...

The Commission’s proposed Performance Regulation for the 2028–2034 MFF would replace the current fragmented system (thousands of programme indicators and multiple portals) with a single horizontal framework for expenditure tracking and performance reporting. The briefing argues this is politically consequential because standardisation defines what “counts” as EU budget performance. It may improve comparability and oversight, but risks forcing comparability across very different areas, favouring outputs ...

Non-cash payments constitute the lifeblood of the developed economies, and a threat to their resilience is automatically a threat to wider economic resilience. The ECON Committee has commissioned two papers from members of its academic expert panel for Banking Union scrutiny in order to analyse threats to the resilience of non-cash payments and possible measures to strengthen resilience. This briefing reviews the two papers and puts forward the main lessons they offer.

In order to provide an overview of the debate on own resources in the context of the forthcoming negotiations on the Multiannual Financial Framework (MFF) 2028-2034, this mapping exercise aims to capture the EU’s overall revenue landscape. It covers existing EU own resources, proposed new own resources put forward by the European Commission as part of the MFF 2028–2034 package, own resources provided for in the 2020 Interinstitutional Agreement, as well as alternative new resources outlined in European ...

The briefing explores the implementation of the recommendations made by Draghi over a year ago. The question is if and how the Commission has included the points raised in the Draghi report in the proposal for the 2028-2034 Multiannual Financial Framework (MFF). The main findings are, the EU’s investment gap remains structurally large and dual in nature, administrative simplification in the proposed MFF is substantial, but governance weaknesses persist, under the proposed MFF, the EU has moved decisively ...

The Commission proposed a European Competitiveness Fund (ECF) for the 2028-2034 Multiannual Financial Framework (MFF). Part of ECF is the investment in defence. The briefing provides policy recommendations regarding defence in the ECF. The main recommendations are, to establish a European strategic framework for defence, concentrate EU funding on high-value-added capability areas, shift the centre of gravity from R&D towards industrial scale-up and demand, and address fiscal asymmetries through complementary ...

The briefing gives an overview of competitiveness in the 2021-2027 Multiannual Financial Framework (MFF). It shows that leveraging private investment can only create the illusion of a great impact with limited budgetary resources and that there should be increased focus on disruptive as opposed to incremental innovation.