948

résultat(s)

Mot(s)
Type de publication
Domaine politique
Questions financières et bancaires
Auteur
Mot-clé
Date

Blockchain and the General Data Protection Regulation

24-07-2019

In recent times, there has been much discussion in policy circles, academia and the private sector regarding the tension between blockchains and the European Union’s General Data Protection Regulation (‘GDPR’). Whereas, the GDPR is based on an underlying assumption that in relation to each personal data point there is at least one the data controller, blockchains make the allocation of responsibility and accountability burdensome. Further, although the GDPR is based on the assumption that data can ...

In recent times, there has been much discussion in policy circles, academia and the private sector regarding the tension between blockchains and the European Union’s General Data Protection Regulation (‘GDPR’). Whereas, the GDPR is based on an underlying assumption that in relation to each personal data point there is at least one the data controller, blockchains make the allocation of responsibility and accountability burdensome. Further, although the GDPR is based on the assumption that data can be modified or erased where necessary to comply with legal requirements, blockchains, however, render the unilateral modification of data purposefully onerous in order to ensure data integrity and to increase trust in the network.

    Étude pdf  
    Annexe I pdf  
Auteur externe

This study was written by Dr Michèle Finck

Banking Union: Completing the Single Rule Book

18-07-2019

This briefing provides an insight into where banking legislation stands in terms of providing a ‘single rule book’ for the purposes of supervising banks in the Banking Union It also identifies the key areas where further harmonisation would facilitate both supervision and resolution.

This briefing provides an insight into where banking legislation stands in terms of providing a ‘single rule book’ for the purposes of supervising banks in the Banking Union It also identifies the key areas where further harmonisation would facilitate both supervision and resolution.

    Briefing pdf  

Public hearing with Elke König, Chair of the Single Resolution Board, on the SRB Annual Report 2018 - ECON on 22 July 2019

18-07-2019

This note is prepared in view of a public hearing with the Chair of the Single Resolution Board (SRB), Elke König who will inter alia present the SRB 2018 Annual Report.

This note is prepared in view of a public hearing with the Chair of the Single Resolution Board (SRB), Elke König who will inter alia present the SRB 2018 Annual Report.

    Briefing pdf  

Banking Union: What next?

18-07-2019

This briefing summarises the key areas of possible regulatory initiatives with a view to further completing the Banking Union: (1) EDIS, (2) Further harmonisation of banking law (“single rule book’), (3) Home/host issues, (4) Resolution financing, (5) Further harmonisation of insolvency law, (6) safe assets and regulatory treatment of sovereign exposures and (7) AML supervision. These issues are further explained in additional thematic briefings.

This briefing summarises the key areas of possible regulatory initiatives with a view to further completing the Banking Union: (1) EDIS, (2) Further harmonisation of banking law (“single rule book’), (3) Home/host issues, (4) Resolution financing, (5) Further harmonisation of insolvency law, (6) safe assets and regulatory treatment of sovereign exposures and (7) AML supervision. These issues are further explained in additional thematic briefings.

    Analyse approfondie pdf  

An Effective Regime for Non-viable Banks: US Experience and Considerations for EU Reform

17-07-2019

For 85 years, the US regime for non-viable banks has maintained a high degree of stability and public confidence by protecting deposits, while working to minimize the public cost of that protection. With awareness of the difference in context, EU reformers can draw valuable insights from the US experience. On balance, a review of the US regime supports arguments in favour of harmonization and centralization of bank insolvency proceedings and deposit insurance in Europe’s banking union. A unitary ...

For 85 years, the US regime for non-viable banks has maintained a high degree of stability and public confidence by protecting deposits, while working to minimize the public cost of that protection. With awareness of the difference in context, EU reformers can draw valuable insights from the US experience. On balance, a review of the US regime supports arguments in favour of harmonization and centralization of bank insolvency proceedings and deposit insurance in Europe’s banking union. A unitary regime would improve on the current EU status quo along multiple dimensions: deposit protection, creditor rights, controlling moral hazard, predictability and operational effectiveness, transparency and accountability, and financial stability. It would help break the bank-sovereign vicious circle in the euro area. The US experience suggests that substantial improvements are achievable in a well-designed system of institutional checks and balances that learns and adapts over time.

    Étude pdf  
Auteur externe

A.Gelpern, N.Véron

Single Resolution Mechanism - Main Features, Oversight and Accountability

16-07-2019

One of the key lessons learned from the financial crisis in 2007-2008 is that in order to reduce the direct and indirect costs of bank failures for national governments, one has to have a credible framework in place to deal with banks’ failures, including clear rules as to the allocation of losses and the conditions attached to the use of common resources, to provide strong incentives for taking measures of precaution in good times and minimise losses in times of crisis. To that end, Europe has put ...

One of the key lessons learned from the financial crisis in 2007-2008 is that in order to reduce the direct and indirect costs of bank failures for national governments, one has to have a credible framework in place to deal with banks’ failures, including clear rules as to the allocation of losses and the conditions attached to the use of common resources, to provide strong incentives for taking measures of precaution in good times and minimise losses in times of crisis. To that end, Europe has put together a framework for resolving banks in difficulties. That framework is the Single Resolution Mechanism, headed by an European agency, the Single Resolution Board (SRB), based on Regulation 806/2014 and comprising all national resolution authorities of the Member States participating in the Banking Union.

    Briefing pdf  

Single Supervisory Mechanism – Main Features, Oversight and Accountability

16-07-2019

The Single Supervisory Mechanism (SSM) is, along with the Single Resolution Mechanism, one of the pillars or the Banking Union (the third pillar, the common deposit guarantee scheme, still pending completion). It comprises the European Central Bank, in its supervisory capacity, and the national supervisory authorities (NCAs) of participating Member States.

The Single Supervisory Mechanism (SSM) is, along with the Single Resolution Mechanism, one of the pillars or the Banking Union (the third pillar, the common deposit guarantee scheme, still pending completion). It comprises the European Central Bank, in its supervisory capacity, and the national supervisory authorities (NCAs) of participating Member States.

    Briefing pdf  

Banking Union: Towards new arrangements for the provision of liquidity in resolution?

16-07-2019

The recent case of Banco Popular has shown the importance of liquidity funding in the context of bank resolution. The Eurogroup report endorsed by the December 2018 Euro Summit noted the “broad support for the assessment of the institutions [i.e. ECB, SRB and Commission] that there are limitations in the current framework [for liquidity provision in resolution] which may hamper its effectiveness. The June 2019 Euro summit has not yet reached any conclusions on the design of that liquidity facility ...

The recent case of Banco Popular has shown the importance of liquidity funding in the context of bank resolution. The Eurogroup report endorsed by the December 2018 Euro Summit noted the “broad support for the assessment of the institutions [i.e. ECB, SRB and Commission] that there are limitations in the current framework [for liquidity provision in resolution] which may hamper its effectiveness. The June 2019 Euro summit has not yet reached any conclusions on the design of that liquidity facility, as planned. The Eurogroup is expected to report back to the Euro-Summit in December 2019. This briefing (1) describes the existing arrangements in the Banking Union, (2) compares those arrangements with the US and the UK regimes and (3) echoes ongoing reflections on possible new arrangements with a view to completing the Banking Union. This briefing is an updated version of a briefing initially drafted in July 2018.

    Briefing pdf  

Banking Union: Defusing the “home/host” debate

16-07-2019

While a banking group located in the Banking Union is supervised by a single supervisor (SSM) and no longer by home and host supervisors, subsidiaries are subject to individual requirements with remaining national powers over legal entities of a group. Further integration of banking groups’ risk management has been identified by the Chair of the Single Supervisory Mechanism (SSM) as one of the remaining steps to completing the Banking Union. For the Chair of the SSM, there are “still obstacles to ...

While a banking group located in the Banking Union is supervised by a single supervisor (SSM) and no longer by home and host supervisors, subsidiaries are subject to individual requirements with remaining national powers over legal entities of a group. Further integration of banking groups’ risk management has been identified by the Chair of the Single Supervisory Mechanism (SSM) as one of the remaining steps to completing the Banking Union. For the Chair of the SSM, there are “still obstacles to the integrated management of bank capital and liquidity within cross-border groups operating in the banking union”. As the SSM put it “the fences should be removed; they are out of place within a banking union where the concept of home and host supervisors has disappeared”.

    Briefing pdf  

Les politiques de l’Union – Au service des citoyens: Lutte contre la fraude fiscale

28-06-2019

Au cours des cinq dernières années, la politique fiscale et la lutte contre la fraude fiscale ont été particulièrement mises en avant à la suite des fuites d’informations successives et des enquêtes journalistiques sur le sujet. L’hostilité envers les pratiques fiscales préjudiciables s’en est vue renforcée, notamment depuis la récession et les restrictions budgétaires qui en ont résulté. La lutte contre la fraude fiscale vise à recouvrer les recettes qui n’ont pas été versées aux pouvoirs publics ...

Au cours des cinq dernières années, la politique fiscale et la lutte contre la fraude fiscale ont été particulièrement mises en avant à la suite des fuites d’informations successives et des enquêtes journalistiques sur le sujet. L’hostilité envers les pratiques fiscales préjudiciables s’en est vue renforcée, notamment depuis la récession et les restrictions budgétaires qui en ont résulté. La lutte contre la fraude fiscale vise à recouvrer les recettes qui n’ont pas été versées aux pouvoirs publics. Elle a également pour objectif de faire en sorte que les fraudeurs ne bénéficient pas d’un avantage par rapport aux contribuables qui respectent leurs obligations, garantissant ainsi l’équité fiscale entre tous les contribuables. Les impôts non payés entraînent une réduction des budgets nationaux et du budget de l’Union européenne. Si l’ampleur des impôts non payés est, par nature, difficile à déterminer, les évaluations donnent à penser que les montants sont élevés. L’opinion des citoyens concernant l’engagement de l’Union dans la lutte contre la fraude fiscale s’est améliorée, mais, dans chaque État membre, une majorité de la population souhaite toujours voir cet engagement renforcé. Malgré cette amélioration, cet engagement reste toujours bien en deçà des attentes des citoyens. Les réponses apportées aux ordres de priorité et aux attentes des citoyens de l’Union peuvent encore être perfectionnées. La lutte contre la fraude fiscale compte parmi les objectifs communs des États membres et de l’Union. Relevant du domaine de la politique fiscale, cette lutte reste étroitement liée à la souveraineté des États membres, protégée par l’exigence de l’unanimité et par une procédure législative spéciale en vertu de laquelle les questions fiscales demeurent strictement sous le contrôle du Conseil. Tel a été le cas depuis les débuts de l’Union, malgré les propositions visant à modifier légèrement le cadre fiscal. Les lacunes ayant été déterminées avec plus de précision, les discussions ont été relancées lors des derniers discours sur l’état de l’Union prononcés par le président de la Commission européenne devant le Parlement européen. La lutte contre la fraude fiscale ne consiste pas seulement à lutter contre les comportements illégaux; il s’agit également de dissuader les fraudeurs et de prendre des mesures pour renforcer le respect des lois fiscales. Il est ainsi nécessaire de revoir en profondeur les dispositions fiscales afin de les améliorer en les adaptant à l’ampleur et aux caractéristiques de la fraude fiscale telle qu’elle existe et à mesure qu’elle évolue. En dépit des contributions notables apportées pendant la législature 2014-2019, il reste du travail à accomplir, notamment en raison de toutes les dispositions qui doivent être mises en œuvre, appliquées, contrôlées et, si nécessaire, mises à jour afin de s’adapter à la variabilité de la fraude fiscale et de suivre l’évolution numérique au niveau mondial. Le présent document est une mise à jour d’une note plus ancienne, publiée avant les élections européennes de 2019.

    Briefing pdf  
    Multimédia  
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