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On 23 February 2022, the European Commission unveiled a proposal for an EU regulation – the data act – laying down harmonised rules on fair access to and use of data. The aim is to remove barriers to consumers and businesses' access to data, in a context in which the volume of data generated by humans and machines is increasing exponentially and becoming a critical factor for innovation by businesses (e.g. algorithm training) and by public authorities (e.g. shaping of smart cities). The proposed ...

The 2014 Regulation on electronic identification and trust services for electronic transactions in the internal market (eIDAS Regulation or eIDAS) was the first digital identity legislation to provide the basis for cross-border electronic identification, authentication and website certification throughout the EU. Application of eIDAS has been mixed. However, the pandemic increased the need for such solutions to be put in place to access public and private services. On 3 June 2021, the Commission ...

The second Markets in Financial Instruments Directive (MiFID II) and the Markets in Financial Instruments Regulation (MiFIR) are the principal texts regulating investment services and financial markets activities in the EU. Following an extensive consultation and in light of the recent developments in the context of the coronavirus pandemic, the European Commission proposed the establishment of an EU-wide consolidated tape for financial markets instruments, as well as making targeted changes to market ...

Two European Union (EU) directives regulate the EU collective investment funds industry, the Directive relating to undertakings for collective investment in transferable securities (UCITS) and the Alternative Investment Funds Manager Directive (AIFMD). The UCITS, which covers mutual funds, lays down uniform rules, allowing them to be offered cross-border, while the AIFMD, which covers hedge funds and private equity, lays down the rules for authorising, supervising and overseeing the managers of such ...

The Roma are Europe's largest ethnic minority. Out of an estimated total of 10 to12 million Roma in Europe as a whole, some six million live in the European Union (EU), most of whom are citizens of an EU Member State. A significant number of Roma people live in very poor socio-economic conditions. The social exclusion, discrimination and segregation they face are mutually reinforcing. Their restricted access to education, and difficulties in entering the labour market, result in low income and poor ...

General-purpose artificial intelligence (AI) technologies, such as ChatGPT, are quickly transforming the way AI systems are built and deployed. While these technologies are expected to bring huge benefits in the coming years, spurring innovation in many sectors, their disruptive nature raises policy questions around privacy and intellectual property rights, liability and accountability, and concerns about their potential to spread disinformation and misinformation. EU lawmakers need to strike a delicate ...

In July 2022, the European Commission published its third annual rule of law report, which contains an individual chapter for each of the 27 EU Member States. In contrast to the rule of law reports from 2020 and 2021, this latest one makes country-specific recommendations to all Member States, something the European Parliament had been repeatedly calling for. This brings the rule of law report into closer alignment with the European Semester – as acknowledged by the third report itself. From originally ...

Durante la tornata di marzo II 2023 il Parlamento europeo dovrebbe votare l'accordo politico sulla proposta di regolamento relativo alla sicurezza generale dei prodotti, raggiunto nel quadro dei negoziati di trilogo il 28 novembre 2022. Questo nuovo regolamento sostituirà l'attuale direttiva relativa alla sicurezza generale dei prodotti. Esso affronta le sfide in materia di sicurezza dei prodotti poste dalle tecnologie emergenti, compreso l'uso dell'intelligenza artificiale (IA) e dei dispositivi ...

Nel luglio 2022 la Commissione europea ha pubblicato la sua terza relazione annuale sullo Stato di diritto, che per la prima volta contiene raccomandazioni specifiche per paese per ciascuno Stato membro. In una proposta di risoluzione presentata dalla commissione per le libertà civili, la giustizia e gli affari interni (LIBE) del Parlamento europeo si osserva che, sebbene la Commissione vi abbia dato un seguito parziale nelle sue risoluzioni sulle precedenti relazioni annuali sullo Stato di diritto ...

Public financing of enterprises, which has been on the rise globally, can have a distortive effect on competitive markets. In response to this trend, in May 2021 the European Commission published a proposal for a regulation to tackle foreign subsidies with a distortive effect on the EU single market. It would enable the Commission to investigate subsidies granted by non-EU public authorities to companies operating on the single market, and to apply countervailing measures, should these subsidies ...