Climate Mainstreaming in the EU Budget: 2022 Update

This study reviews and updates the previous study ‘Documenting climate mainstreaming in the EU budget - Making the system more transparent, stringent and comprehensive’, published in July 2020. It provides an overview of the methods used by the European Commission to track expenditure on climate protection and biodiversity, with a critical assessment of the methodological strengths and weaknesses. It examines the legislative framework for the 2021-2027 programming period and the Commission’s approach to ensuring that the target for climate expenditure is reached. The study also suggests objectives and recommendations for the implementation of the Interinstitutional Agreement (IIA).