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Zarysu polityki handlowej i rozwojowej UE dokonano w komunikacie ze stycznia 2012 r. pt. „Handel, wzrost gospodarczy i rozwój”. W dokumencie tym skoncentrowano się na krajach najbardziej potrzebujących. Ogólny system preferencji taryfowych utrzymano dla krajów najsłabiej rozwiniętych, podobnie jak i zasadę „wszystko oprócz broni”, natomiast w przypadku krajów AKP niebędących krajami najsłabiej rozwiniętymi preferencyjne traktowanie zastąpiono umowami o partnerstwie gospodarczym, zawierającymi element ...

Export taxes and restrictions take various forms and their effects may not be limited to the countries that apply them. Developing countries use such export taxes and restrictions in pursuit of development policy objectives. The effects on third countries depend on the market power of the country applying them and the nature of the restriction or tax. Large developing and emerging economies are the main users of these types of instruments, which are often used to counter the distortions due to tariff ...

This study presents a brief history of the climate negotiations, with a focus on the preparations for a legally binding agreement, to be finalised at the climate change conference in Paris in December 2015. The positions of the main Parties, negotiating groups and other stakeholders are highlighted, as well as the Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs) submitted during 2015. The study was provided by Policy Department A at the request of the Committee on the Environment, Public Health ...

The world has changed in recent years, in ways that have undermined the traditional development model. The new 'Sustainable Development Goals' (SDGs) – to be agreed in September 2015 by the UN – will need to reflect these new realities and emerging challenges. A majority of the world's poorest people live in developing countries, where aid represents only a small percentage of all development financing. Aid remains important: its exclusive goal is promoting development, and it composes a large share ...

Bhutan and its political parties

W skrócie 26-11-2014

Bhutan is a long-time isolated South Asian monarchy in the Himalayan mountains between India and China. TV broadcast was only introduced in 1999, making Bhutan the last country in the world to introduce television. Bhutan gained international exposure as the initiator of the concept of Gross National Happiness. Since 2008 it is experiencing a king-driven transition from absolute monarchy to democracy.

This overview of financing for developing countries finds that government spending is the largest domestic resource, domestic private investment is also growing, outflows of private financial resources are very large, real net financial private flows are overstated, and ODA is the largest flow to least developed countries. Global public finance cannot be directly substituted by private finance, as it pays for public goods, is more predictable and counter-cyclical, and can be targeted at the poorest ...

WTO Back on Track After Bali

Briefing 11-12-2013

An agreement on trade reached through the World Trade Organisation in Bali will likely reduce global trading costs by 10-15 %. Red tape is likely to be substantially reduced. While the deal includes some new provisions on agriculture, the issue remains a thorny one among negotiating parties. The package also includes concessions on market access for developing countries. The Bali ministerial meeting marked good progress, but there remains much to be done before the WTO can conclude the Doha Development ...

Although it may seem that there is ample time to discuss the future of ACP–EU relations after the Cotonou Agreement expires in 2020, fundamental questions need to be answered by both partners before any decision is reached. Reflections should start with an assessment of the three pillars of the current partnership — development cooperation, trade relations and political dialogue — as well as the work of joint institutions. Looking ahead, three broad scenarios for post-2020 are envisaged in this ...

Following the death of Guinea-Bissau's President Malam Bacai Sanha in January 2012, Prime Minister Carlos Gomez Júnior was widely expected to win the country's presidential elections. Gomez Júnior won the first round of the elections by a significant margin, but the voting process was interrupted by a military coup on 12 April 2012. After the coup was condemned by many regional and international actors, the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) deployed intense diplomatic efforts and ...

Lack of water is expected to affect one-third of the population worldwide by 2025. Today, 1.2 billion people live in areas of scarcity, while 1.6 billion face water shortages due to economic problems. The issue is particularly worrying in least developed countries (LDCs), where water is scarce or there is little or no infrastructure to extract, distribute or conserve water.