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In this research paper, we provide a comprehensive overview of online advertising markets and we analyse the challenges and opportunities concerning digital advertising. We review the degree to which existing and proposed legislation at EU level addresses the identified problems, and identify potential solutions, with reference to experience from EU Member States and third countries. We conclude with a synthesis and specific policy recommendations, drawing on stakeholder interviews.

In this research paper, we provide a comprehensive overview of online advertising markets and we analyse the challenges and opportunities concerning digital advertising. We review the degree to which existing and proposed legislation at EU level addresses the identified problems, and identify potential solutions, with reference to experience from EU Member States and third countries. We conclude with a synthesis and specific policy recommendations, drawing on stakeholder interviews. This document ...

The visibility of disinformation as a tool to undermine democracies increased in the context of Russia's hybrid war against Ukraine. It gained notoriety as a global challenge during the UK referendum on EU membership as well as the United States presidential election campaign in 2016. The European Union and the European Parliament are stepping up efforts to tackle online disinformation ahead of the May 2019 European elections.

Audiovisual media services are as much cultural services as they are economic ones. Their growing importance for democracy, education and culture accounts for the application of specific rules across the EU.

The demeaning portrayal of women in advertising, often criticised by women's rights associations, has negative so­cial effects in terms of equality between the gen­ders, and for public health. This delicate issue is regulated mostly at national level in the European Union. Indeed, even if political interest in this issue is reflected in the work of the Council of Europe and the European Parliament, there are relatively few binding legal acts at international or European level concerning this issue ...

Reducing smoking rates in the EU

Briefing 30-09-2011

Smoking is the largest preventable cause of death in the EU, creating both direct costs to healthcare systems and indirect costs due to productivity loss.