Think Tank

EU-US trade relations in 2025 were marked by frequent changes in tariffs on a variety of goods. Nevertheless, the value of total trade continued to grow compared to previous years and it reached an all-time high of €908 billion in goods and €827 billion in services. The EU's trade balance showed a record surplus of €200 billion in goods, and a record deficit of €139 billion in services. The US remains the EU's most important trade partner, with a share of 17.6 % of EU total trade with the world. ...

The study examines the feasibility of an optional 28th EU tax regime to support competitiveness. It proposes a framework parallel to those of the 27 EU Member States to reduce cross-border tax complexity and legal uncertainty while preserving subsidiarity, fiscal sovereignty, and safeguards against abuse. This document was provided by the Policy Department for Economy and Growth at the request of the Subcommittee on Tax Matters (FISC).

The study examines the feasibility of an optional 28th EU tax regime to support competitiveness. It proposes a framework parallel to those of the 27 EU Member States to reduce cross-border tax complexity and legal uncertainty while preserving subsidiarity, fiscal sovereignty, and safeguards against abuse. This document was provided by the Policy Department for Economy and Growth at the request of the Subcommittee on Tax Matters (FISC).

This study explores how patient-centredness is understood and applied in research and innovation (R&I) across the European Union. Drawing on case studies from Germany, the Netherlands, and Belgium, and insights from a range of stakeholders, it aims to inform future policy and practice. While patient-centredness is gaining prominence at the EU level, its implementation remains variable across Member States and funding instruments. Overall, the findings highlight both the recognised value of patient ...

The Polish national recovery and resilience plan (NRRP) – Krajowy Plan Odbudowy – is the third biggest plan under the Recovery and Resilience Facility (RRF). It totals €54.7 billion, including €25.3 billion in grants and €29.4 billion in loans. The loan component has been reduced from €34.5 billion following the decrease in the level of implementation of several measures. Poland's NRRP has been revised four times, first on 8 December 2023 to add the REPowerEU chapter. The latest amendment was approved ...