Think Tank

To limit global temperature rise to well below 2°C above pre-industrial levels, as agreed in the Paris Agreement, all countries must cut their emissions, requiring substantial investment. Developed countries committed collectively to supporting developing countries in their climate mitigation and adaptation measures, with US$100 billion annually by 2020. However, the figure was not reached by 2020, nor is it deemed sufficient to cover the needs of developing countries. Beyond the level of financing ...

EU lawmakers signed a regulation on ensuring a level playing field for sustainable air transport, otherwise referred to as the ReFuelEU Aviation Regulation, on 18 October 2023. It was published in the Official Journal on 31 October 2023 and will apply from 1 January 2024. However, Articles 4, 5, 6, 8 and 10 will apply from 1 January 2025. The new regulation is a part of a legislative package to make the EU's climate, energy, land use, transport and taxation policies fit for reducing net greenhouse ...

In March 2023, Commission President Ursula von der Leyen and United States (US) President Joe Biden announced their intention to conclude a critical minerals agreement, seeking to foster supply chains in raw materials needed in the production of electric vehicle batteries. The paradigm shift towards clean transport is driving a massive expansion in the market for electric vehicle markets, highlighting the importance of securing the mineral inputs used in their batteries. To that end, the US Congress ...

A fresh surge in irregular migration to the European Union has highlighted the importance of an overhaul of the bloc’s migration rules. The EU institutions are still negotiating the European Commission’s 2020 asylum and migration pact and, specifically, its proposal on asylum and migration management, which would replace the 2013 Dublin Regulation that determines the EU Member State responsible for examining asylum applications. According to the Commission, addressing this situation requires finalising ...

This briefing has been prepared for the public hearing with the Chair of the Single Resolution Board (SRB), Dominique Laboureix, scheduled for 4 December 2023. This briefing addresses: Report on smaller banks, Updated resolvability assessment, SRB study on CMDI reform impact, Court confirmed the SRB's treatment of Banco Popular shareholders and creditors, Review of three external papers “Do "white knights" make excessive profits in bank resolution?", Liquidity in resolution, Update on the SRB’s ...