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Separating family members can have devastating consequences on their wellbeing and ability to rebuild their lives. This is true for everybody, but especially so for people who have fled persecution or serious harm and have lost family during forced displacement and their flight from danger. For beneficiaries of international protection, family separation can affect their ability to engage in many aspects of the integration process, from education and employment to putting down roots, and harm their ...

Based on original archival research, interviews, media sources and wide ranging academic literature, this study focuses on the European Parliament’s leading and agenda-setting role in the process of European monetary integration. Important initiatives included the 1962 Van Campen Report on the coordination of monetary policies, the monetary chapter of the 1984 Spinelli Draft Treaty, the work of the intergroup on European Currency during the period 1984 to 1989, and the 1990 Herman Report to prepare ...

The European Peace Facility (EPF) was created in March 2021 as a funding instrument aimed at enhancing the EU's ability to prevent conflicts, build and preserve peace, and strengthen international security and stability. The EPF rests on two pillars. The first is to fund EU military operations and missions under the common foreign and security policy. The second is to provide assistance to countries in the EU's eastern neighbourhood, the Middle East and Africa to strengthen security in their respective ...

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans-gender and intersex (LGBTI) asylum applicants are recognised as a vulnerable social group under European Union (EU) legislation, and are therefore entitled to international protection. However, it is up to applicants to prove that they are indeed LGBTI, which can be challenging. As they often come from countries where being a member of the LGBTI community exposes individuals to persecution and violence, there is normally little documentary evidence they can produce to ...

In 1993, the United Nations (UN) General Assembly declared 3 May World Press Freedom Day, acting on a recommendation adopted by UNESCO's General Conference in 1991. This year will mark the 32nd anniversary of the day, with UNESCO and other international partners organising special events around the world.

Accession to the European Union is a long process, requiring not only legislative, administrative and economic adaptation to EU standards, but also a degree of adaptation to the working methods of the EU institutions. One of these new working methods candidate countries must navigate is how the European Parliament organises its activities, how members interact, and how to build alliances and dialogue among the various political families represented in Parliament. Parliament's rules of procedure allow ...

Malta's National Recovery and Resilience Plan (NRRP) had an initial value of €344.9 million, while its amended plan is worth €336.3 million. Under the EU's Recovery and Resilience Facility (RRF), at the core of the Next Generation EU (NGEU) instrument, Malta's RRF grant allocation decreased from €316.4 million to €258.3 million. In April 2023, Malta submitted a request to amend its NRRP, to which it added a new REPowerEU chapter with an additional grant allocation of €30 million. It also requested ...

Ce document s’intègre dans une série d’études qui, avec une perspective de droit comparé, visent à faire une présentation du principe de protection de l’environnement dans différents ordres juridiques. Après avoir expliqué le droit positif et la jurisprudence d’application, le contenu, les limites et la possible évolution de ce principe sont examinés. La présente étude a pour objet le cas de la France. L’introduction de la Charte de l’environnemment dans la Constitution de 1958, il y a désormais ...

Romania's national recovery and resilience plan (NRRP) represents an ambitious agenda of reforms and investment aimed at mitigating the socioeconomic effects of the COVID-19, energy and cost-of-living crises. The amended plan – approved by the Council on 8 December 2023 – amounts to €28.5 billion, or 12.8 % of the country's 2019 gross domestic product (GDP). This includes the Recovery and Resilience Facility (RRF) grants of €12.1 billion (cut by 14.9 % following the June 2022 revision of the allocation ...

Enforcement of the Digital Markets Act is under way. The European Commission has launched formal proceedings against three major providers of core platform services. The Commission's preliminary findings suggest breaches of EU rules. To date, two of these preliminary findings have been confirmed, resulting in non-compliance decisions and fines for the companies in April 2025.