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Violence against women is a violation of human rights and a serious form of discrimination against women. It takes many forms and, according to survey data, affects one third of women in the EU. Such violence has a major impact on victims and imposes a significant cost burden on society. International documents adopted by the United Nations and Council of Europe, including the latter's 'Istanbul Convention', to which the EU acceded in 2023, set the normative framework for combating violence against ...

Agencja Unii Europejskiej ds. Współpracy Organów Ścigania (Europol) jest centralnym filarem szerszej europejskiej struktury bezpieczeństwa wewnętrznego. Współpraca i strategie polityczne w dziedzinie egzekwowania prawa są wciąż rozwijane ze szczególnym naciskiem na zwalczanie terroryzmu, cyberprzestępczości oraz innych poważnych i zorganizowanych form przestępczości. Głównym ich celem jest bezpieczniejsza Europa z korzyścią dla wszystkich mieszkańców UE, zgodnie z prawami podstawowymi i przepisami ...

Energia jądrowa jest niskoemisyjną alternatywą dla paliw kopalnych i odpowiada za około 25 % produkowanej w UE energii elektrycznej. Katastrofy, do których doszło w 1986 r. w Czarnobylu i w 2011 r. w Fukushimie, sprawiły jednak, że energia jądrowa zaczęła budzić wiele kontrowersji. O ile decyzja o udziale energii jądrowej w koszyku energetycznym należy do państw członkowskich, o tyle przepisy unijne zmierzają do poprawy norm bezpieczeństwa w elektrowniach jądrowych oraz do zagwarantowania bezpiecznego ...

Prawa obywateli oraz obywatelstwo europejskie są zapisane w Karcie praw podstawowych Unii Europejskiej, w Traktacie o funkcjonowaniu Unii Europejskiej (TFUE) i w art. 9 Traktatu o Unii Europejskiej (TUE). Stanowią one fundament, na którym opiera się tożsamość europejska. W razie poważnego naruszenia podstawowych wartości Unii Europejskiej państwu członkowskiemu grożą sankcje.

This study explores the design of future Framework Programmes for Research and Innovation (R&I) in the European Union. Employing a foresight methodology – comprising a literature review, case studies, scenarios and foresight workshops with stakeholders – the study examines prevailing discourses on Framework Programme structures, identifies key R&I trends, and analyses the challenges posed by current developments. It presents a set of hypothetical programme structures alongside policy recommendations ...

The current US administration promotes dollar-backed stablecoins—privately issued and supported by US debt—to reinforce dollar dominance worldwide, a strategy we dub “cryptomercantilism.” This report studies the EU’s 2024 Markets in Crypto Assets Regulation (MiCAR) and its safeguards for the EU’s monetary sovereignty. It also compares MiCAR to the proposed GENIUS Act in the US. Under existing policies, USD stablecoins create severe risks for third countries, indirectly also affecting the EU. The ...

In this paper, we analyse potential impacts that dollar-denominated stablecoins could have on monetary policy. We also consider related questions about the introduction of the digital euro. Based on our findings, the adoption of stablecoins in Europe is unlikely to be large-scale without state support. The development of the digital euro with full state and central bank backing is more likely to succeed. To be a viable alternative to private payment options, the digital euro needs to be carefully ...

In this paper, we review the recent economic outlook, policy decisions and communication of the ECB against the backdrop of growing uncertainty. First, inflation heterogeneity has receded with inflation, thus contributing to facilitating the design of monetary policy. Second, monetary easing is somewhat dampened by the reduction in ECB’s balance sheet. Third, ECB has chosen to foreground uncertainty more explicitly in its public-facing communication, potentially as a tool to manage expectations and ...

This paper examines ECB monetary policy amid rising international uncertainty. We focus on three global risks: renewed trade protectionism, euro appreciation, and US fiscal fragility. Using inflation forecasts and survey data, we evaluate the ECB’s evolving policy framework. A potential US fiscal crisis poses risks but also creates an opportunity for Europe to supply a global safe asset. We argue that a European Debt Agency issuing common debt could mitigate contagion and enhance Europe’s financial ...

One focus of the June 2025 plenary session was the situation in the Middle East, with Members debating statements from Kaja Kallas, High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy and Vice-President of the Commission, on the risk of further instability in the Middle East following the Israel-Iran military escalation, and the review of the EU-Israel Association Agreement and the ongoing humanitarian crisis in Gaza. His Majesty King Abdullah II of Jordan addressed Parliament ...