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The EU has implemented the world's largest carbon-pricing system, the emissions trading system (ETS). While pricing emissions can encourage industrial decarbonisation, it also risks carbon leakage, whereby EU companies move their production abroad. To date, the EU has mitigated carbon leakage through free allocations to certain industries, but with rising climate ambition and higher carbon prices, the Commission seeks to phase out free allocations. In parallel, a novel carbon border adjustment mechanism ...

This briefing provides an initial analysis of the strengths and weaknesses of the European Commission's impact assessment (IA), accompanying the above-mentioned proposals, adopted on 15 December 2021 and referred to the European Parliament's Committee on Industry, Research and Energy. The Commission proposals to recast the 2009 Gas Regulation (EC) 715/2009 on conditions for access to the natural gas transmission networks and Directive 2009/73/EC on common rules for the internal market in natural ...

The PETI Committee decided to organise a fact-finding visit to Hauts-de-France (France) from 23 to 25 May 2022 concerning petition 549/2021 by Romanian Asociatia civica Voluntari in Europa on the poor safety conditions in car parks for trucks and commercial vehicles on the European road network. This briefing, written by Policy Department C, describes the general and legal background.

The Women’s Rights and Gender Equality Committee decided to send a delegation to The Hague on 23-25 May 2022 to find out what is being done to prevent and combat human trafficking. This Briefing written by the Policy Department C describes the actions undertaken by the National Government, the Judiciary, the European Commission, the European Parliament, the European agencies and the United Nations. It provides also experts' opinions.

This study forms part of a larger Comparative Law project which seeks to present the right to health in a broad range of legal systems around the world. After analyzing applicable constitutional sources, federal legislation and leading case law, the definition and content, scope and limits, and evolution of Canada's right to health are explored. The subject of this study is the Canadian legal system. This study begins with an overview of selected historic dangers to Canada's health, challenges of ...

This study, commissioned by the European Parliament’s Policy Department for Citizens’ Rights and Constitutional Affairs at the request of the LIBE Committee, provides an analysis of the distinctive features of racism, xenophobia and racial discrimination in the EU and selected EU Member States. It further examines various forms of racism, xenophobia and racial discrimination and their target groups and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. The study assesses anti-racism policies and legislation ...

Cette recherche, réalisée à la demande du département thématique des droits des citoyens et des affaires constitutionnelles du Parlement européen, explique la notion de primauté du droit de l'UE et ses conséquences pratiques, telle qu'elle résulte du système des traités et a été développée par la jurisprudence de la Cour de justice depuis 1964. Elle explique comment et avec quelles limites éventuelles les juridictions des États membres acceptent, interprètent et appliquent le principe

On 12 April 2022, the government of Sri Lanka announced that it had suspended all payments on government bonds, had asked for a comprehensive restructuring of these obligations, and had turned to the IMF, which had earlier qualified ’the country's debt situation as 'unsustainable'. Discussions between the government and the IMF are under way, but the country could soon face a severe humanitarian and political crisis. These developments may also be consequential for the strategic future orientation ...

On 23 September 2021, the European Commission adopted a legislative proposal to amend the 2014 Radio Equipment Directive, as a first step towards mandating a common charger for mobile phones and other small portable devices. Under the proposal, these devices would have to be equipped with a USB Type-C receptacle that can be charged with cables compatible with USB Type C, and to incorporate the USB Power Delivery communication protocol. Consumers would have an option to buy devices with or without ...

In the context of the twin digital and ecological transition, satellite communication is becoming a strategic asset for governments and civil society alike. Complementary to terrestrial networks, it can contribute to seamless digital communication, even when such networks are absent or disrupted. It builds on technological advances to ensure both low latency and global coverage, and the deployment of other emerging technologies such as quantum-based cybersecurity. Today, the EU does not have the ...