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This study analyses the obstacles to democratic, transparent and efficient decision-making in urgency situations at EU level. It provides a systematic overview of Parliament’s role and functions as well as interinstitutional cooperation during recent crisis situations. It also provides recommendations on how to improve the existing set-up and Parliament’s emergency procedures.

This study is an update of ‘Documenting climate mainstreaming in the EU budget’ published in 2020. The methodology used by the European Commission for tracking climate change and biodiversity related expenditure at EU level is reviewed again in the light of the Multiannual Financial Framework approved in 2021 and the new regulatory framework covering the period 2021-2027.

A laggard in terms of its structural transformation, Belarus has conducted only limited economic and political reforms since the Soviet Union’s dissolution. This study for AFET examines what the consequences of Belarus’ lack of structural reforms would be in the case of a democratic transition, and what external assistance would be required to help Belarus successfully transform. The authors underline that assistance would depend on Russia’s reaction to a transfer of power.

Since being declared a pandemic in March 2020, COVID-19 has dramatically changed the working conditions and occupational risks faced many European workers. The study, requested by the EMPL committee, provides an overview of the types of occupational risks (direct and indirect) faced by EU workers during the COVID-19 crisis. It analyses the policy and legal measures taken in ten Member States and assesses whether EU OSH legislation is fit to cope with similar future pandemics.

Achieving climate neutrality is a great goal of the European Union. With a support of the cohesion policy, EU regions are key players in this transition. The study requested by REGI committee looks at the requirements at regional level of the EU for successful transformation towards a climate neutral future. Based on the analysis of six regional best practice examples, authors identified the key drivers, conditions and instruments necessary for a successful transformation.

Are values growing less important in foreign policy? This study investigates what values are, whether they are waning, and how the EU can respond. ‘Values’ are split into socio-cultural, political, economic, ‘earth’ (environmental), and international order values. The EU’s values are compared to those of the US, Turkey, Russia and China. The study argues that a values-based approach to the EU’s external policies should differentiate according to the type of value and the partner concerned.